scholarly journals The impact of fossil fuel burning related to scientific activities in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: Revisited

Elem Sci Anth ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Berry Lyons ◽  
Elsa Saelens ◽  
Kathleen A. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Austral Summer ◽  
Dry Valleys ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Fossil Fuel Burning ◽  
Taylor Valley ◽  
Fuel Burning ◽  
Field Season ◽  
C And N ◽  
The Impact

Fossil fuel use associated with scientific activities in the Taylor Valley, Antarctic has been examined to determine the fluxes of particulate organic and elemental carbon and nitrogen as well as NOx for the 2015–2016 austral summer field season. These carbon and nitrogen fluxes are compared to our previously published calculations for the 1997–1998 austral summer. In addition, we compile fossil fuel usage and resulting C and N fluxes from the major field camp in Taylor Valley, Lake Hoare Camp (LHC) from the late 1990’s through 2017. In general, the annual fluxes do vary from year to year, but there is no significant trend, at least during the primary summer field season. There is indication that increasing the length of scientific operations does increase the C and N inputs via fossil fuel burning. This works supports our original results demonstrating that over long periods of time the anthropogenic flux of N from local fossil fuel burning could become quantitatively important in the region. Although the particulate C fluxes remain very low, the recent finding of black carbon in the Taylor Valley landscape indicates more on-going monitoring of the source of this material is merited.

Fossil Fuel Burning in Taylor Valley, Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica:  Estimating the Role of Scientific Activities on Carbon and Nitrogen Reservoirs and Fluxes

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1659-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Berry Lyons ◽  
Carmen A. Nezat ◽  
Kathleen A. Welch ◽  
Steven T. Kottmeier ◽  
Peter T. Doran
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Fossil Fuel Burning ◽  
Taylor Valley ◽  
Fuel Burning ◽  
Victoria Land

scholarly journals XCO2 retrieved from IASI using KLIMA algorithm

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuele Del Bianco ◽  
Bruno Carli ◽  
Marco Gai ◽  
Lucia Maria Laurenza ◽  
Ugo Cortesi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Fossil Fuel Burning ◽  
Fuel Burning

Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) is the main greenhouse gas released into the Earth’s atmosphere by human activities. The concentration of CO<sub>2</sub> in the atmosphere depends on the balance of natural sources and sinks, which are being perturbed by anthropogenic forcing due to fossil fuel burning, uncontrolled urban development, deforestation and other land use changes. An improvement in our understanding of processes responsible for absorption of CO<sub>2</sub> is urgently needed both for a reliable estimate of future CO<sub>2</sub> levels, and for the enforcement of effective international agreements for its containment. [...]

A Contribution to Detection of Humans Located in Closed Areas

2014 ◽  
Vol 656 ◽  
pp. 450-457
Author(s):  
Stefan Cornak
Keyword(s):  
Organized Crime ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Human Detection ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Fossil Fuel Burning ◽  
Fuel Burning ◽  
Measuring Outcomes ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Good Price

This paper deals with a detection of persons in closed areas. After a brief overview and providing a background the author focuses on the latest tools, which are available and on two examples explains the use of infrared spectrometry to arrive at the results. He points out the objectivity and rationality of the measuring outcomes as well as its commercial availability, simple control, relatively good price and the weight of the CO2 measuring instruments. The method described in the article has been neglected and is not used in the present time for a detection of humans located in closed areas although it can be easily used for human detection in the fight against terrorism, organized crime, detection of hidden immigrants but also for searching the involuntarily trapped people (earthquake, avalanche), too. It is necessary to produce the bleeder probe for air taking from the closed space for the implementation of this method to the practice. It is also important to notice, that the closed object air could be polluted by the pollutants from the external environment (e. g. from exhalation from the fossil fuel burning) and from the exhalations, which can transpire from the interior material (e. g. phthalates, formaldehydes) as suggested in the article. That is why the author recommends dealing more with this topic, including a closer co-operation with car makers, research laboratories and medical organizations.

scholarly journals Late Pleistocene-Recent Atmospheric δ13C Record in C4 Grasses

Radiocarbon ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence J. Toolin ◽  
Christopher J. Eastoe
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
C4 Grasses ◽  
Polar Ice ◽  
Fossil Fuel Burning ◽  
Fuel Burning ◽  
The Mean

Samples of Setaria species from packrat middens, herbarium specimens and modern plants preserve a record of δ13C of atmospheric CO2 from 12,600 BP to the present. No secular trend is detected between 12,600 and 1800 BP, when the mean value of δ13C during that period was −6.5 ± 0.1‰ (the error is the standard deviation of the mean). Our value agrees with δ13C averages of pre-industrial CO2 from polar ice cores, and differs significantly from modern regional (-8.2 ± 0.1‰) and global (-7.7‰) values, which are higher because of fossil fuel burning.

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