Criminalizing Resistance: The Cases of Balata and Jenin Refugee Camps

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Tartir
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Building ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Palestinian Authority ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Building Project

The Palestinian Authority (PA) adopted donor-driven security sector reform (SSR) as the linchpin to its post-2007 state-building project. As SSR proceeded, the occupied West Bank became a securitized space and the theater for PA security campaigns whose ostensible purpose was to establish law and order. This article tackles the consequences of the PA's security campaigns in Balata and Jenin refugee camps from the people's perspective through a bottom-up ethnographic methodological approach. These voices from below problematize and examine the security campaigns, illustrating how and why resistance against Israel has been criminalized. The article concludes by arguing that conducting security reform to ensure stability within the context of colonial occupation and without addressing the imbalances of power can only ever have two outcomes: “better” collaboration with the occupying power and a violation of Palestinians' security and national rights by their own security forces.

Security sector reform, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of militias: the challenges for state building in Libya

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Mohammad Sawani
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
State Building ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Institutional Control ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
National Reconciliation

Even though the rebels, later turned ‘revolutionaries’, actually had an insignificant role as combatants in the violent downfall of the Gaddafi regime in Libya in 2011, they became involved in acts of war in many parts of the country in what came to resemble a civil war. Their militias flourished thanks to the lucrative financial handouts that governments paid to them. To complicate matters, additional militias sprang up in the absence of any sort of viable state/institutional control on the part of the nascent ‘state’ or an inability to restrict and monopolize the use of force. Therefore, disarmament, demobilization, reintegration and security sector reform have not been possible, and the Libyan case demonstrates the failure to emulate international best practices, thus hindering any state-building. This paper seeks to analyse the Libyan case and provide an approach and framework for dealing with the genuine causes of the current situation in order help put the appropriate disarmament, demobilization and reintegration (DDR) and security sector reform (SSR) policy in place, while simultaneously not ignoring other major, contributing factors. This study suggests that the case of Libya is unique and likely to prove challenging to both established and evolving theoretical approaches to both DDR and SSR. Experiments in the country that have ignored the holistic security sector reform will be examined and its programmes analysed to ascertain whether these have produced any effective state-run structures and mechanisms, norms and procedures, or whether they have only served to reinforce the de facto roles of militias. The article argues that unless the state-building approach is revitalized and national reconciliation made a top priority, Libya’s current debacle and instability is most likely to continue.

scholarly journals The role of NATO in the demilitarization of Kosovo Liberation Army and in establishment of Kosovo Protection Corps and Kosovo Security Force

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Dr.Sc. Bejtush Gashi ◽  
Dr.Sc. Dario Molnar
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Organizational Mission ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
New Situation

Kosovo Liberation Army was demilitarized and demobilized pursuant to Rambouillet accord articles and 1244 Resolution, under the control of military component of the international administration in Kosovo – Kosovo Forces (NATO). Establishment of Kosovo Protection Corps (KPC) followed this process, with the civil emergency organizational mission, which operated until the adoption of constitution of Republic of Kosovo, promulgated on June 15, 2008. The constitution foresaw KPC disbandment and creation of a new security formation in Kosovo – Kosovo Security Forces (KSF). The decree of USA president, Xhorxh W. Bush, dated 19.03.2008 indicates the political importance of KSF creation in promotion of Kosovo’s independence.The Security Sector reform will keep its special focus in periodical review programming of KSF positional development in adaptation to new situation in security environment, reflecting concrete examples through new events, missions, tasks and roles for KSF units, always compliant with the concrete needs of the country and with the Euro-Atlantic collective protection structure standards. 

Al-Shabaab will entrench its gains in Somalia

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Content Type

Significance Already on the rise, al-Shabaab now also benefits from rising distraction among its domestic and international opponents, which may prolong efforts to defeat it by many years. Impacts Somali and allied forces may need to revise their overall counterterrorism strategy to account for contracting resources. Even with sustained reforms, it may take years for Somali forces to develop capacity to assume AMISOM’s security responsibilities. Recent splits within the security forces will set security sector reform efforts back significantly.

Securitization Dysfunction

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Tahani Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
State Building ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
Political Dimensions

This article contributes to the critical discourse on security sector reform (SSR) by explicitly acknowledging its political dimensions and implications. Through a consideration of the role of SSR in international processes of securitization and state-building, it highlights the paradoxes implicit in this model, and the subsequent consequences of its implementation on the ground using the case of occupied Palestinian territories where SSR has significantly altered the local security landscape.

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