China's One Belt and One Road Initiative: The Response to Western Globalization?"

Since the opening reforms of 1978, China has made a remarkable and outstanding advance in all the fields of life. Forty years ago China's leaders after the death of Mao Zedong found the courage and the strength to put no limits to their country in order to find the proper place in the international arena. China was not going to be anymore a taboo to the world. My paper is focused on a comparative study, for understanding better the differences and the common things between Western globalization and the new China's initiative. One of the main question I have raised in compiling this paper is that if one of the two initiatives of strategies will rule the world or will they be cooperating together? This paper will basically rely in politics, economics, social and diplomacy fields. These four topics are in my opinion the key to understand China's success within the country and abroad and the true challenge of the Western globalization. The XXI century is said that it will be the Chinese century in every aspect. But to prove this, there are required a lot of efforts and above all a lot of good understanding if China will take on the world, not forcefully but peacefully.

Globalisation as a facilitator of terrorism

Terrorism is a phenomenon that develops over time, always bringing about gradual change of form and activity. Terrorist groups organize terrorist attacks based on ideologies. Terrorism is one of the biggest problems facing the world today. Terrorists are always at odds with the rule of law, with the norms and ideals of civilization itself. Terrorism is the use of fear or violence to overthrow a government and society in accepting a radical political or social change. It is geographically widespread and ideologically selected.The process of globalization, which includes the technological, economic boom, cultural boundaries between countries around the world has fostered a culture corrupt market in traditional communities. Many places consider this as a threat to their country. Globalization has somewhat helped terrorism, moreover has brought the involvement of the latest and latest technologies

Challenges for Trade Liberalization and WTO Rules: The Case of Macedonia

The collapse of communist systems in the Former Soviet Union and former Yugoslavia led the way for the states of these systems to the democratic systems of governance and market liberalization. Membership of the former communist bloc countries in the Euro-Atlantic alliances and international organizations of various characters has been accompanied by political, economic and social challenges. The reforms which should be realized by the governments, aimed at meeting the standards that are imposed as conditions for membership, these reforms in the field of economy and trade, accompanied by the cost that the state, domestic companies, and the population had paid to the membership process. Through this research, we aim to highlight the challenges with which it was faced the Macedonian State and Government during the process of market liberalization, with emphasis on the costs associated with and during the World Trade Organization (WTO) membership process. Following the analysis of the official reports of the WTO and the Macedonian Statistical Office, as well as the interviews with Macedonian officials, we conclude that the WTO rules and principles have had an impact on the reduction of revenues from customs, domestic businesses and legislative changes in terms of foreign trade.

Globalisation as a facilitator of terroris

Terrorism is a phenomenon that develops over time, always bringing about gradual change of form and activity. Terrorist groups organize terrorist attacks based on ideologies. Terrorism is one of the biggest problems facing the world today. Terrorists are always at odds with the rule of law, with the norms and ideals of civilization itself. Terrorism is the use of fear or violence to overthrow a government and society in accepting a radical political or social change. It is geographically widespread and ideologically selected.The process of globalization, which includes the technological, economic boom, cultural boundaries between countries around the world has fostered a culture corrupt market in traditional communities. Many places consider this as a threat to their country. Globalization has somewhat helped terrorism, moreover has brought the involvement of the latest and latest technologies

Differences in efficiency of innovation performance among EU candidate countries and EU 28 countries

The aim of this paper is to identify if there are differences in the efficiency of innovation performance between the two groups of countries: EU candidate countries such as Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey and the average level of innovation performance in EU-28 countries from 2010 - 2017. The further paper’s analysis aims to identify the most crucial factors and indicator that contribute to the efficiency of innovation performance in both groups of countries.In that sense, the comparative analyses of the two observed groups of countries has been done, using the European Innovation Scoreboard (EIS) data as well as 12 EIS indicators for the period 2010 - 2017. For benchmarking of the countries three indicators are created: sub-index Input Innovation (II), sub-index Output Innovation (OI) and the Innovation Efficiency Performance Index (IEPI).The findings show that there is a difference in efficiency of innovation performance indicators between the observed two groups of countries, but as well as among each the EU candidate country. In fact, Macedonia (IEPI=2.33) has twice higher efficiency of transforming innovation inputs into innovation output unlike the EU28 countries (IEPI=1.17), Serbia (IEPI=1.06) and Turkey (IEPI=.24).It can be noted as well that Macedonia managed to use its limited resources to input (sub-index II= 0.13) in much more efficient/productive way (IEPI= 2.33) and to obtain most output innovation (sub-index OI= 0.29). This paper’s findings can be used for designing better innovation policy in the observed EU candidate countries.

A Literature Review of Retailing Sector and Business Retailing Types

retail sector probably is the most important sector of economy because it has to do directly with consumer. It includes all stores, from kiosks and small groceries to supermarket chains and shopping malls that sell products and services to final consumer for personal and household use. The aim of this paper is to make an investigation of retail sector and its business type. To gather the data, second resources has been used. A deeply scanning of literature has been performed. According to the investigation, the retailing sector generally is organized in two main groups: the retailing within the store and retailing out of the store.Retailing within the store is classified according to different characteristics, but the most important types of classification are those based on the form of the ownership, merchandise and price. According to the ownership-based classification, the most important types are independent stores, chain stores, franchising and leased department stores. According to the merchandise-based classification the most important types of retailing are department stores, supermarkets, specialty stores, convenient stores, superstores and retailer services. According to the price-based classification, the most important types of retailing are discount stores, factory outlets, category killers, off-price stores, warehouse clubs and hypermarkets. According to the place-based classification the most important type of retailing are shopping centers. The most important types of retailing out of the store are direct selling, direct marketing and automatic vending machines selling.

Critical Analysis of Sociology and Social Research Studies in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Although sociology is a modern discipline, sociologists in Bosnia and Herzegovina must consider distant past and present to tackle the questions of identity, nationality, ethnicity, language and religion. Sociological prominence had gained its focus in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina because of conflict resolution, peace building and overall social transformations and emerging challenges and issues. Such transformation of post-war Bosnian society coupled with a socio-political and economic crisis had opened the door for sociological and anthropological studies and research. Post-war society that eventually aims at a just peace, as Bosnia and Herzegovina where genocide had taken place, cannot without addressing sociological dimensions of war, justice, law and morality. Sociology as a discipline, within the institutional context, has also undergone significant changes and transformations. Using a survey approach, this paper aims to analyze why sociology is significant discipline in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Indeed, it is significant to analyze sociological and institutional transformations and their influence on the creation of new social models related to identity, nationality, religion, language, ethnicity, conflict resolution, war and justice.

European Politics and Diplomacy before the World War One 1908 – 1914

Following the failure of the alliance with Germany, Great Britain was dissatisfied. The British politics having a long experience in international affairs; as the most experienced country in politics, reported and accounted that the further strengthening of Germany and consequently of the Central Europe was to the detriment of British interests. For this very reason it showed signs of getting close to France and Russia in 1904. While in the world it started to get close to Japan. As though unnoticed, to the rest part of the world, not to Great Britain, an international alliance was being formed in order to neutralize the Central Block. In this paper I tried to offer and present a scientific argument and by using the advanced, research and comparison methods as well as the deductive method, to divide the article into chronological, historical and research manner.

Examination of Finland Integrated Water Management Sample of EU’s Hydro Political Approach for Sustainable Ecological Planning

First rule of sustainable ecological planning is to maintain continuously the balance between available amount and demand of ecological resources. A water resource, which is one of the most important ecological resources, is one of the resources that must be protected with priority since it is one of the most initial conditions of continuity of life. Upon this perspective, EU countries are developing various water policies and calling attention to the effects of insensibly usage of water on the ecology. Among EU countries, Finland is a very rich country in terms of water resources. According to water quality charts, Finland is at the top of the list among 122 countries within the scope of UN World Water Evaluation Report of World Water development reports issued in 2003. Additionally, it is one of the richest of 147 countries evaluated according to the water poverty index which was conducted by World Water Council and British Center for Ecology and Hydrology. Finland has developed many policies for sustainable use of this ecological value of its, and has made progress on many aspects from resource preservation to wastewater reclamation. Purpose of this study is to reveal AB hydro politic approaches and to examine water policies of Finland which conducts integrated water management. This study subject has been presented verbally at the International Conference on Civil and Environmental Engineering in 2015.

Longitudinal online survey in well-being research: first experiences from CRO-WELL project

The aim of this report was to analyse positive and negative aspects of online administration of longitudinal well-being survey and to provide suggestions and guidelines for future research. The aim of CRO-WELL (Croatian Longitudinal Well-being Study) research was to follow well-being indicators longitudinally, on a large sample (N>5 000).For the purpose of the research we developed online platform with integrated questionnaire to assess various variables related to well-being. Participants could assess the application via various browsers, and it was also adjusted for smart phones. “Friendly use” of the online application, understanding of questions and answering method, as well as ethical concerns, was tested using focus groups and individual trials. To enable matching the participants from two waves, every participant had to log in to the web page using his/her e-mail address. While e-mail address was protected by data-base, special computer-programme created token associated with each participant. A year after completing the initial questionnaire, participants were automatically invited to complete the follow-up. This paper brings review of designing and conducting a longitudinal research having in mind advantages and disadvantages of online survey.