INFLUENCE OF PECTIN AND CHITOSAN ON THE PROPERTIES OF GELS PROTECTING THE OESOPHAGEAL MUCOSA

Progress on Chemistry and application of Chitin and its Derivatives ◽

10.15259/pcacd.26.014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 162-169

Author(s):

Katarzyna Małolepsza-Jarmołowska ◽

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Dynamic Viscosity ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Oesophageal Reflux ◽

Oesophageal Mucosa ◽

Reflux Symptoms ◽

Alkaline Reflux ◽

Adhesion Work

Among the diseases of the digestive tract, gastro-oesophageal reflux is one of the most troublesome ailments. It is estimated that in highly developed countries, reflux symptoms occur in about 5%-10% of people every day. It has also been found that about 20% of people experience such symptoms once a week. The incidence of this disease increases with age, regardless of gender. The aim of the study was to investigate the physicochemical properties of gels intended for the protection of the oesophageal mucosa. Preparations containing 3.0% pectin showed the lowest pH. These gels can be used in the treatment of advanced alkaline reflux. The addition of chitosan to all tested gels increased their pH and dynamic viscosity. The texture tests showed the effect of pectin concentration on the adhesion work of the tested gels.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms and the risks of oesophageal cancer: are the effects modified by smoking, NSAIDs or acid suppressants?

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1713956.1222054 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Katelaris

Keyword(s):

Oesophageal Cancer ◽

Oesophageal Reflux ◽

Reflux Symptoms

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Medical Consultation for Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux Symptoms: Reasons and Associated Factors

Digestion ◽

10.1159/000081626 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 173-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Enrique Rey ◽

Cristina Moreno-Elola-Olaso ◽

Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo ◽

Manuel Diaz-Rubio

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Medical Consultation ◽

Oesophageal Reflux ◽

Reflux Symptoms

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The β-Defensin Gallinacin-6 Is Expressed in the Chicken Digestive Tract and Has Antimicrobial Activity against Food-Borne Pathogens

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00568-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 912-922 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

Albert van Dijk ◽

Edwin J. A. Veldhuizen ◽

Stefanie I. C. Kalkhove ◽

Johanna L. M. Tjeerdsma-van Bokhoven ◽

Roland A. Romijn ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Digestive Tract ◽

Clostridium Perfringens ◽

Developed Countries ◽

High Expression ◽

Upstream Region ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Nuclear Factor ◽

Food Borne Pathogens ◽

Food Borne

ABSTRACT Food-borne pathogens are responsible for most cases of food poisoning in developed countries and are often associated with poultry products, including chicken. Little is known about the role of β-defensins in the chicken digestive tract and their efficacy. In this study, the expression of chicken β-defensin gallinacin-6 (Gal-6) and its antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogens were investigated. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis showed high expression of Gal-6 mRNA in the esophagus and crop, moderate expression in the glandular stomach, and low expression throughout the intestinal tract. Putative transcription factor binding sites for nuclear factor kappa beta, activator protein 1, and nuclear factor interleukin-6 were found in the Gal-6 gene upstream region, which suggests a possible inducible nature of the Gal-6 gene. In colony-counting assays, strong bactericidal and fungicidal activity was observed, including bactericidal activity against food-borne pathogens Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Clostridium perfringens, and Escherichia coli. Treatment with 16 μg/ml synthetic Gal-6 resulted in a 3 log unit reduction in Clostridium perfringens survival within 60 min, indicating fast killing kinetics. Transmission electron microscopy examination of synthetic-Gal-6-treated Clostridium perfringens cells showed dose-dependent changes in morphology after 30 min, including intracellular granulation, cytoplasm retraction, irregular septum formation in dividing cells, and cell lysis. The high expression in the proximal digestive tract and broad antimicrobial activity suggest that chicken β-defensin gallinacin-6 plays an important role in chicken innate host defense.

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