Carved komari (vulva) stones from Rapa Nui: museum objects, legacy data and contemporary local history

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-406
Author(s):  
Adrienne L. Kaeppler ◽  
Jo Anne Van Tilburg
Keyword(s):  
Local History ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
Bishop Museum ◽  
Rapa Nui ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Multiple Data ◽  
Museum Objects ◽  
Legacy Data ◽  
New Interpretation

The authors examine selected stone objects in the J.L. Young Collection, Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. Two were named by Young “Maea Momoa” (ma‘ea momoa; lit. ‘stone for chickens’). One of the ma‘ea momoa is a “pillow stone” (ŋarua) or basaltic beach cobble incised with komari (vulva motifs). The other is a “Bar of stone” lavishly embellished with similar motifs. Six other objects are said to be “fetish stones”. A possible ‘Orongo provenance for the incised “Bar of stone” is raised and tested, and toponymic and linguistic data are offered in support of a new interpretation of the origin of the hakatoro repe ‘elongation of the clitoris’ ritual and the function of one incised “fetish stone” in that process. This research calls attention to the traditional role of women in ‘Orongo ceremonies and employs relatively obscure museum collection objects and their previously overlooked documentation, thus uniting multiple data strands to reveal new details of Rapanui ritual life.

FAITH–BASED COMMUNITIES AND POLITICS IN DULLSTROOM-EMNOTWENI: LOCAL STORIES OF IDENTITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Landman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
Local Identities ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
The Face

A majority of the black community of Dullstroom-Emnotweni in the Mpumalanga highveld in the east of South Africa trace their descent back to the southern Ndebele of the so-called ‘Mapoch Gronden’, who lost their land in the 1880s to become farm workers on their own land. A hundred years later, in 1980, descendants of the ‘Mapoggers’ settled in the newly built ‘township’ of Dullstroom, called Sakhelwe, finding jobs on the railways or as domestic workers. Oral interviews with the inhabitants of Sakhelwe – a name eventually abandoned in favour of Dullstroom- Emnotweni – testify to histories of transition from landowner to farmworker to unskilled labourer. The stories also highlight cultural conflicts between people of Ndebele, Pedi and Swazi descent and the influence of decades of subordination on local identities. Research projects conducted in this and the wider area of the eMakhazeni Local Municipality reveal the struggle to maintain religious, gender and youth identities in the face of competing political interests. Service delivery, higher education, space for women and the role of faith-based organisations in particular seem to be sites of contestation. Churches and their role in development and transformation, where they compete with political parties and state institutions, are the special focus of this study. They attempt to remain free from party politics, but are nevertheless co-opted into contra-culturing the lack of service delivery, poor standards of higher education and inadequate space for women, which are outside their traditional role of sustaining an oppressed community.

Russian Museum of Emperor Alexander III as a place of memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11-1) ◽  
pp. 132-147
Author(s):  
Dmitry Rakovsky
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Historical Representations

The main purpose of this article is to study the role of the Russian Museum in the formation of the historical consciousness of Russian society. In this context, the author examines the history of the creation of the Russian Museum of Emperor Alexander III and its pre-revolutionary collections that became the basis of this famous museum collection (in particular, the composition of the museum’s expositions for 1898 and 1915). Within the framework of the methodology proposed by the author, the works of art presented in the museum’s halls were selected and distributed according to the historical eras that they reflect, and a comparative analysis of changes in the composition of the expositions was also carried out. This approach made it possible to identify the most frequently encountered historical heroes, to consider the representation of their images in the museum’s expositions, and also to provide a systemic reconstruction of historical representations broadcast in its halls.

Applications of Energy Beams in Material and Device Processing

1983 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Galvin ◽  
L.S. Hung ◽  
J.W. Mayer ◽  
M. Nastasi
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Device Processing ◽  
Composition Modification ◽  
Directed Energy ◽  
Transistor Fabrication

ABSTRACTEnergetic ion beams used outside the traditional role of ion implantation are considered for semiconductor applications involving interface modification for self-aligned silicide contacts, composition modification for formation of buried oxide layers in Si on insulator structures and reduced disorder in high energy ion beam annealing for buried collectors in transistor fabrication. In metals, aside from their use in modification of the composition of near surface regions, energetic ion beams are being investigated for structural modification in crystalline to amorphous transitions. Pulsed beams of photons and electrons are used as directed energy sources in rapid solidification. Here, we consider the role of temperature gradients and impurities in epitaxial growth of silicon.

Outside the Box: How Building Relationships Within your Organisation can Help Develop Your Information Service

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Modern Library ◽  
Outside The Box

The modern Library or Information Service (IS) cannot, and should not, operate in isolation from the strategic planning of its wider organisation. Most IS units already tie their aims and objectives to the organisation's strategic mission, but how can the IS move from the confines of its traditional role to have greater influence and responsibility within the wider organisation? How can building relationships with key individuals/departments strengthen the overall role of the IS?

A Radiographic Study of the Gastrointestinal-Tract of Potorous-Tridactylus, With a Suggestion as to the Role of the Foregut and Hindgut in Potoroine Marsupials

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
PB Frappell ◽  
RW Rose
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Barium Sulphate ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Radiographic Study ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
Descending Colon ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Potorous Tridactylus

The gastric distribution of barium sulphate and its subsequent intestinal passage were examined by radiography in Potorous tridactylus. Barium sulphate administered in association with solid food passed to the sacciform forestomach from the tubiform forestomach. However, ingested barium sulphate suspension mainly entered the hindstomach via the gastric sulcus. Barium sulphate which entered the sacciform forestomach remained for no more than 1 h before passing to the hindstomach via the tubiform forestomach. The passage of contrast medium through the intestine was followed in adults administered barium sulphate suspension only. Contrast medium which entered the hindstomach was not detectable there after 10 min. Barium sulphate first arrived at the caecum and proximal colon after 20 min, and by 45 min the majority had reached these organs. It persisted in the caecum and proximal colon for several hours, during which there was some movement into the descending colon and rectum. These results lead towards a new interpretation of the role of the potoroine foregut and hindgut.

scholarly journals Perception of Prescribers and Pharmacists Regarding Traditional role of Community Pharmacists in Quetta, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saood ◽  
Noman Ul Haq ◽  
Aqeel Nasim ◽  
Yasmin Shah ◽  
Maria Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Traditional Role

scholarly journals The Effect of the Use of Technology on the nature of Teacher’s Profession

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arab World English Journal ◽  
Sally Kondos
Keyword(s):  
Computer Technology ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Computer Usage ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Creative Mind ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Computer Knowledge

Educational programmes have recognized the growing need to use computers in the classes as it presents unprecedented challenges that help the students to acquire an inquiring, critical and creative mind to capitalize on the opportunities driven by the growth of information, knowledge and technology. The computer knowledge has begun influencing student’s learning experience for more than 25 years ago, but it was in a moderate manner (Cuban, 2001). However, the past decade has witnessed major trend toward integrating computer technology in all the language classes. The integration has increased because the computer technology represents an accessible and instant information, enormous potential for interactivity and media–rich communication, as well as educational tools which engage the students in the classroom (Mouza, 2002). Undoubtedly the recent advancement in information technology and computer usage in the classroom is rapidly transforming the environment of the classroom. The teachers cannot ignore the reality the today’s classroom must provide technology-supported learning (Angers & Machtmes, 2005). Being prepared to integrate the technology in the classroom has become a paramount skill in every teacher’s professional repertoires. The traditional role of the teacher as the center of the schooling is changing recently with all the introduction of the new technologies in the classroom. One of the effects of the new technologies is the decentralization of teachers in the learning environment (Damrian, 1998). This introduces a very valid point of how the teaching profession will change in the era of digital technologies. What is the role of the teacher in a classroom where he/she is no longer the only source of knowledge? How can he/ she teach effectively in a class, where every student has his/her computer and can Google any piece of information? The following study will investigate the effect of the implementation of the technology in the English as a foreign language (EFL) classes on the nature of the teachers’ profession.

scholarly journals Merekonstruksi Sejarah SUB Komandemen Sumatera Selatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ravico Ravico
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Local History ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
History Of ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Historical Sites ◽  
Dutch Colonial

Local history is often underestimated, so many primary sources of history are neglected and damaged. Therefore, the need for the existence of the museum as a container for the preservation of historical sites. For example, the Museum Subkoss Garuda Sriwijaya, which stores objects of community struggle in Southern Sumatera against the Dutch Colonial. However, lack of interest and information so that many collections in the museum are considered as insignificant data. Therefore, the need to reconstruct the history behind the museum collection as a first step. This research uses historical research methods with steps, namely; heuristics, verification, interpretation and historiography. To analyze the data obtained, the archeological approach is used to study historical heritage objects to find the facts behind the objects. The results of this study confirm that this museum building has a long historical value from its function as a government office during the Dutch and Japanese colonial periods and was once a sub -oss headquarters. In the fight against invaders, there are some relics such as the C3082 steam locomotive, Jeep Willys STD 156 car, flat cannon and landmijn. All of these objects have a long history of maintaining independence.   Keywords :  Museum, History and Subkoss

scholarly journals О двух ойратских списках «Наказа Манджушри» из коллекции Н. Д. Кичикова (по материалам Кетченеровского краеведческого музея)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-363
Author(s):  
Delyash N. Muzraevа ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Local History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Religious Texts ◽  
Buddhist Monk ◽  
Monastic Community ◽  
History Of

Introduction. The written heritage of Kalmyk Buddhist priests, their daily practices, liturgical repertoire still remain a poorly studied page in the history of Buddhism among Mongolic peoples in the 20th century. The survived collections, clusters of religious texts prove instrumental in revealing most interesting aspects of their activities, efforts aimed at preservation of Buddhist teachings, their popularization and dissemination among believers. Goals. The paper examines two Oirat copies of the Precepts of the Omniscient [Manjushri] from N. D. Kichikov’s collection, transliterates and translates the original texts, provides a comparative analysis, and notes differences therein that had resulted from the scribe’s work, thereby introducing the narratives into scientific circulation. Materials. The article describes two Oirat manuscripts bound in the form of a notebook and contained in different bundles/collections of Buddhist religious texts stored at Ketchenery Museum of Local History and Lore. As is known, the collection is largely compiled from texts that belonged to the famous Kalmyk Buddhist monk Namka (N. D. Kichikov). Results. The analysis of the two Oirat texts with identical titles — Precepts of the Omniscient [Manjushri] — shows that their contents coincide generally but both the texts contain fragmented omissions (separate words, one or several sentences) that are present in the other. At the same time, when omitting fragments of the text addressed to the monastic community, the scribe was obviously guided by that those would be superfluous for the laity. Thus, our comparative analysis of the two manuscript copies demonstrates the sometimes dramatic role of the scribe in transmitting Buddhist teachings.

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