EFFECTS OF TESTOSTERONE AND NANDROLONE AND SOME OF THEIR ESTERS ON THE PSEUDOCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY IN THE LIVER AND SERUM AND ON THE SEMINAL VESICLE AND LEVATOR ANI MUSCLE OF THE RAT

1970 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Leeuwin ◽  
E. Th. Groenewoud
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Daily Administration ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Prolonged Administration ◽  
Potent Effect ◽  
T Testosterone

ABSTRACT Testosterone (T), testosterone-propionate (TP), testosterone-phenyl-propionate (TPP), nandrolone (N) (19-nor-testosterone) and nandrolone-phenyl-propionate (NPP) were compared for their effects on the pseudocholinesterase activities in the liver and serum of castrated male rats. In addition changes in the weight of the seminal vesicle and the levator ani muscle were studied. After daily administration of 1 mg of the hormones for ten days, T and TPP showed a more marked depression of the pseudocholinesterase activity and seminal vesicle than the corresponding nor-derivatives. TP and TPP have approximately similar effects, exceeding those of T. On the levator ani N and NPP were more effective than T and TPP. At identical total doses, administration of all hormones with intervals of more than one day, produced less depression of the pseudocholinesterase activity and less seminal vesicle growth than daily administration. The effects on the levator ani were less influenced by varying intervals. At an interval of four days TPP still had a potent effect on the enzyme activity and the seminal vesicle, whereas T was almost without effect. Prolonged administration showed that the effects on the enzyme activity and the seminal vesicle of N and NPP could not reach the maximum effects of T and TPP respectively.

RECOVERY OF GONADAL FUNCTION IN MALE RATS TREATED NEONATALLY WITH 17β-OESTRADIOL BENZOATE

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred A. Kind ◽  
Manuel Maqueo ◽  
A. Folch Pi
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Gonadal Function ◽  
Gonadal Activity ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Old Rats

ABSTRACT Groups of five day old rats were injected with 120 or 240 μg of oestradiol benzoate. When examined at the age of fifty days, the animal presented atrophied testes and marked decreases in the weights of ventral prostate, seminal vesicles and levator ani muscle. Treatment with pregnant mare's serum or with testosterone propionate given from day 20 through day 50 fully restored the gonadal activity. The dose of PMS needed to restore spermatogenesis was 10 IU which was given every third day. Testosterone propionate, 1 mg, given daily was equally effective.

EFFECT OF ANDROGENIC AND ANABOLIC COMPOUNDS ON PSEUDOCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY IN THE LIVER AND SERUM OF THE RAT

1965 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Leeuwin
Keyword(s):  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Androgenic Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Androgenic Effect

ABSTRACT Immature male and female rats have a similar basal level of pseudocholinesterase activity in the liver and serum. In male rats pseudocholinesterase activity declines sharply with the onset of sexual maturity, between the fourth and the fifth week, after which it remains more or less constant. In female rats, also coinciding with the onset of sexual development, the activity starts to rise between five and six weeks and then increases gradually up to twenty weeks. Castration of male rats results in an increase of the enzyme activity to the basal level, whereas subsequent injection of testosterone-propionate brings about a fall to the level found in adult male rats. Three androgenic/anabolic steroids were compared for their effects on pseudocholinesterase activities in liver and serum of male castrates, viz. testosterone-propionate, testosterone-phenyl-propionate and nor-testosterone-phenyl-propionate, the latter known to possess a relatively high anabolic potency. This was confirmed in our experiments by direct protein determinations in liver and serum and by levator ani muscle/seminal vesicle ratios. At a dose of 1 mg daily for ten days, the former two substances had a similar considerable effect on pseudocholinesterase activity, whereas the effect of the nor-derivative was much smaller. A response similar to that of one milligram of testosterone-propionate was only obtained with 4 mg of the nor-derivative. At that dose level the androgenic effect of the nor-derivative on the seminal vesicles is somewhat less than that of 1 mg testosterone-propionate daily. It is concluded that the cholinesterase activity lowering effect of the compounds investigated is correlated with their androgenic rather than with their anabolic potencies.

scholarly journals Altered sexual differentiation of hepatic uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase by neonatal hormone treatment in rats

1979 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coral A. Lamartiniere ◽  
Cindy S. Dieringer ◽  
Etsuko Kita ◽  
George W. Lucier
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Uridine Diphosphate ◽  
Neonatal Administration

The hepatic microsomal enzyme UDP-glucuronyltransferase undergoes a complex developmental pattern in which enzyme activity is first detectable on the 18th day of gestation in rats. Prepubertal activities are similar for males and females. However, postpubertal sexual differentiation of enzyme activity occurs in which male activities are twice those of females. Neonatal administration of testosterone propionate or diethylstilboestrol to intact animals resulted in lowered UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity in liver microsomal fractions of adult male rats, whereas no changes were observed in the adult females and prepubertal male and female animals. Neonatal administration of testosterone propionate and diethylstilboestrol adversely affected male reproductive-tract development as evidenced by decreased weights of testes, seminal vesicles and ventral prostate. Diethylstilboestrol also markedly decreased spermatogenesis. Hypophysectomy of adult male rats resulted in negative modulation of microsomal UDP-glucuronyltransferase and prevented the sexual differentiation of enzyme activity. In contrast hypophysectomy had no effect on female UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity. A pituitary transplant under the kidney capsule was not capable of reversing the enzyme effects of hypophysectomy, therefore suggesting that the male pituitary factor(s) responsible for positive modulation of UDP-glucuronyltransferase might be under hypothalamic control in the form of a releasing factor. Neonatal testosterone propionate and diethylstilboestrol administration apparently interfered with the normal sequence of postpubertal UDP-glucuronyltransferase sexual differentiation.

THE COMPARATIVE ACTIONS OF TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE AND 5α-ANDROSTAN17β-OL-3-ONE PROPIONATE ON THE REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR, PHYSIOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY OF MALE RATS

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. FEDER
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Testicular Weight ◽  
Seminal Vesicle Weight ◽  
Experienced Adult

SUMMARY 5α-Androstan-17β-ol-3-one in its free or in its propionate form was injected systemically (125 μg/day/rat) into sexually experienced, adult, castrated, male rats. These compounds were ineffective in activating masculine behaviour patterns, despite having measurable effects on body weight, seminal vesicle weight and penile morphology. The propionate form also had strong anti-gonadotrophic properties, since when it was injected for 6 days into intact, immature, male rats it significantly reduced testicular weight. In contrast, testosterone propionate (125 μg/day/rat) restored male sexual behaviour to the levels found before castration when injected systemically. Testosterone propionate also affected body weight, seminal vesicle weight, penile morphology and the testicular weight of immature males. These effects may have been due in part to conversion of testosterone to 5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one, but this metabolic step does not seem to be obligatory for activation of male sexual behaviour in rats.

STUDIES ON EOSINOPHIL GRANULOCYTES.

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Baker ◽  
F. Bergman ◽  
B. Josefsson ◽  
K. G. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Eosinophil Granulocytes ◽  
Anterior Prostate ◽  
Long Acting

ABSTRACT Castrated, adult male rats were given a long-acting androgen in doses that caused a rapid growth of the anterior prostate lobes, the seminal vesicles, and the levator ani muscle. There was no decrease in the number of mast cells, and no increase in the number of eosinophils.

Direct effect of melatonin on the accessory sexual organs in pinealectomized male rats kept in constant darkness

1982 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Shirama ◽  
Tetsuo Furuya ◽  
Yuji Takeo ◽  
Kiyoshi Shimizu ◽  
Kyutaro Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Tissue Level ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Constant Darkness ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Organ Weights ◽  
And Function ◽  
Coagulating Gland

Pinealectomized and sham-pinealectomized male rats were subcutaneously implanted with 2 cm silicone elastomer capsules filled with testosterone or dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and placed in constant darkness (DD) for 50 days. The data revealed that the sham-pinealectomized group treated with testosterone differed from the pinealectomized group, having lower weights of accessory sexual organs and levator ani muscle. Pinealectomy had no effect on organ and muscle weights of DHT-treated animals. Exposure of male rats to DD resulted in a marked decrease in weights of ventral prostate, seminal vesicle, coagulating gland and levator ani muscle and a decrease in plasma DHT levels. However there was no significant reduction in plasma LH, FSH or testosterone. Pinealectomy of the rats exposed to DD resulted in restoration of both DHT levels and accessory sex organ weights. Melatonin implants in pinealectomized males led to an increase in both testosterone and DHT levels, accompanied by a decrease in sexual organ weights. The data indicate that the anti-gonadal effect of the pineal gland cannot be completely mediated by melatonin and that melatonin and some unknown factors can act at the tissue level to reduce the size and function of the affected sexual organs.

A COMPARISON OF SEMINAL VESICLE, KIDNEY AND ADRENAL RESPONSES IN THE RAT FOLLOWING THE ADMINISTRATION OF ANDROGEN

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome A. Grunt ◽  
Joseph E. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Sesame Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Sexual Organ ◽  
Seminal Vesicle Weight

ABSTRACT The responses of several seminal vesicle in vivo microscopic characteristics, seminal vesicle contractions, seminal vesicle, kidney and adrenal weights and seminal vesicle histology have been compared following the administration of testosterone propionate (T. P.) and norethandrolone (19-NT) to castrated male rats. Fourteen days after castration 35 male Osborne-Mendel rats were divided into 5 groups each containing 6 to 8 animals and given daily subcutaneous injections of 0.1 ml sesame oil with or without added steroids. The groups were: I – sesame oil; II – 100 μg 19-NT; III – 500 μg 19-NT; IV – 100 μg T.P.; V – 500 μg T. P. After 7 days of injections, seminal vesicles were studied by the transillumination method of Knisely. The seminal vesicles, adrenals and kidneys were then removed and weighed and the vesicles were prepared for routine histological examination. The adrenal and kidney weights, as well as the seminal vesicle contractions, responded to both steroids in a similar manner, however, seminal vesicle weight and histology and in vivo characteristics differed greatly. 19-NT appeared to have very little effect on vesicle weight, in vivo characteristics and histology although contractions were inhibited in 13 of 14 animals so treated. Therefore, when used as the end-point in hormonal reactions, seminal vesicle contractions should not be considered comparable to the usual secondary sexual organ reactivity to hormones.

THE GROWTH OF THE VENTRAL PROSTATE THE DORSOLATERAL PROSTATE, THE COAGULATING GLANDS AND THE SEMINAL VESICLES IN CASTRATED MALE RATS INJECTED WITH ACTH AND/OR INSULIN

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars-Eric Tisell ◽  
Lennart Angervall
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Levator Ani ◽  
Regular Insulin ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventral Prostate ◽  
Levator Ani Muscle ◽  
Adrenal Steroids ◽  
Protamine Zinc Insulin

ABSTRACT The growth of the ventral and the dorsolateral prostate, the coagulating glands, seminal vesicles and levator ani muscle was studied in castrated male rats after fifteen days of daily injections with ACTH or insulin alone, or in combination. ACTH was given in a dose of 8 IU daily. Insulin was administered in increasing daily doses, i. e. regular insulin up to 8 IU and protamine zinc insulin up to 10 IU. After ACTH treatment there were variable histological signs of stimulation of the dorsolateral prostate, while the other accessory reproductive organs showed no response. Regular insulin produced no quantitative or morphological changes in the accessory reproductive organs, and no morphological signs of increased secretion of the adrenal steroids. Administration of ACTH and regular insulin in combination stimulated the growth of all the accessory reproductive organs. Protamine zinc insulin produced prolonged hypoglycaemia and morphological signs of increase secretion of adrenal steroids, thus the adrenals became enlarged and the thymus atrophic. Protamine zinc insulin stimulated growth of all the accessory reproductive organs, a stimulation which was further accentuated after combination with ACTH. Possible mechanisms for the action of insulin on the male accessory reproductive organs are discussed. The varying response of the different parts of the prostate and the seminal vesicles emphasizes the importance of the simultaneous examination of these organs.

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