Thyroid glands in patients with Graves' disease are sources of thyrotropin-binding inhibitory (TBI) activity

1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria del Carmen Arqueros ◽  
Hugo Niepomniszcze ◽  
Juliàn Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Radioligand Method

Abstract. In order to investigate the main sources of production of Graves' immunoglobulins, 4 women with Graves' hyperthyroidism, which relapsed after withdrawal of methimazole (MMI) therapy, were selected for this study. The patients underwent subtotal thyroidectomy after pre-operative treatment with MMI and Lugol's solution. Seven blood samples were obtained in each patient during surgery from: 1) a peripheral vein, immediately before neck incision; 2) the carotid artery; 3) and 4) the left and right inferior thyroid veins, respectively, before manipulation of the thyroid; 5) and 6) the left and right inferior thyroid veins, respectively, after surgical handling of the gland; 7) a peripheral vein at the end of operation. Thyrotropin-binding inhibitory (TBI) activity was measured in all samples by a radioligand method. Serum TSH was also measured in those samples. There was a substantial increment of TBI in the thyroid veins compared with the activity in the carotid artery. The mean TBI was significantly higher after surgical handling of the thyroid lobes. The two lobes from each gland secreted differing levels of TBI, whereas the TSH concentrations were similar in all samples from each individual patients. We conclude that at least part of the TBI activity in patients with Graves' disease comes from the lymphocytic infiltration of the glands, and that differences in antibody production between the thyroid lobes may explain the difference in TBI activity in their respective thyroid veins.

Errors in Estimating the Orientation of Dot Patterns

Perception ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Lánský ◽  
Naum Yakimoff ◽  
T Radil ◽  
L Mitrani
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Frontoparallel Plane ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

The error in estimating the orientation of a dot pattern was measured as the difference between the orientation of the least-squared-distances line (LS-line) of the pattern and the orientation of a line adjusted by the subject to match the perceived orientation of the pattern. Analysis of the mean errors (averaged over ten subjects) obtained for one hundred patterns confirmed that the orientation of the LS-line represents the orientation of elongated dot-patterns. It is shown that estimated orientation was systematically biased towards the nearest 45° oblique meridian. This bias points to the importance of the ±45° directions as natural norms for left- and right-side tilt in the frontoparallel plane.

Clinical and pathological significance of sibling Graves' disease

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Tanaka ◽  
Shoichi Katayama ◽  
Kanji Kuma ◽  
Hajime Tamai ◽  
Fumio Matsuzuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subtotal Thyroidectomy ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Lymphoid Follicles ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract. The clinical picture and serum antithyroid antibodies in 16 pairs of siblings with Graves' disease were compared with an age and sex matched group of 32 patients with Graves' disease who did not have a family history of any thyroid disease (control patients). There was a significant difference in frequency and mean titres of antibodies to thyroglobulin between sibling patients. (positive 76.0%) and control patients (positive 40.0%), but not in microsomal antibodies (sibling; positive 92.0%, control; 92.0%). There were no significant differences in the mean values of 24 h 131I-thyroidal uptake, serum T3U, serum T4 and T3 concentrations before treatment between the two groups. Lymphoid follicles and degeneration of the epithelia were more often found in the thyroid glands of sibling patients than in those of the control patients, when 32 (16 sibling, 16 control) thyroid glands from the same groups in the clinical study, including antibody series, were examined pathologically after subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. Moreover, there was a strong tendency to increased lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration in the thyroid glands of sibling patients with Graves' disease. The findings might indicate that Graves' disease is closely related to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, especially in sibling patients with Graves' disease.

SERUM THYROTROPHIN AND CIRCULATING THYROGLOBULIN ANTIBODIES IN SUBJECTS WITH NON-TOXIC GOITRE AND IN EUTHYROID SUBJECTS WHO HAD UNDERGONE SUBTOTAL THYROIDECTOMY OR RADIOIODINE THERAPY

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Gordin
Keyword(s):  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Thyroglobulin Antibodies ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Immune Phenomena ◽  
Serum Tsh

ABSTRACT As part of a multiphasic health examination in two regions in the east of Finland, 5492 adult subjects were studied in the province of Kainuu and 2767 in the city of Joensuu. The general prevalence of goitre was 6.0 % in the Kainuu region and 4.2 % in Joensuu and that of frank hypothyroidism 0.3 and 0.4 %, respectively. The serum thyrotrophin (TSH) and circulating thyroglobulin antibodies (TgA) were determined in subjects with non-toxic goitre, in euthyroid subjects who had undergone thyroidectomy or radioiodine therapy, and in matched controls without thyroid disease. In a group of 99 subjects with non-toxic goitre the mean serum TSH (2.9 μU/ml) did not differ from the mean (2.9 μU/ml) of the 40 corresponding controls. Of the 36 subjects who were euthyroid after thyroidectomy without recurrent goitre, 9 had an elevated serum TSH level, and the mean value for this group (5.8 μU/ml) was significantly higher than the mean (3.5 μU/ml) for the 36 controls. Of the 19 subjects with recurrent non-toxic goitre, 2 had an elevated serum TSH level, but the mean value (5.0 μU/ml) was not significantly higher than the mean (3.4 μU/ml) for the 19 controls. Of the 15 subjects who were euthyroid after radioiodine therapy, 4 had an elevated serum TSH level, and the mean value (6.2 μU/ml) was significantly higher than the mean of the 15 controls (3.3 μU/ml). The subjects with non-toxic goitre and positive TgA titres had a significantly higher mean serum TSH than those with goitre but negative TgA titres (3.8 against 2.7 μU/ml). The thyroidectomized subjects without recurrent goitre who had detectable TgA had a significantly lower mean serum TSH than the corresponding subjects who were TgA-negative (4.0 against 6.4 μU/ml). The subjects with recurrent goitre and positive TgA titres had a higher mean TSH level than those without TgA (7.6 against 3.5 μU/ml). but the difference was not significant. Subjects previously treated with radioiodine who had positive TgA titres had a lower mean serum TSH than those who were TgA-negative (4.6 against 6.8 μU/ml), but the difference was not significant. About a fourth of the subjects who were euthyroid after previous thyroidectomy or radioiodine therapy in the present study had elevated serum TSH values, indicating slight thyroid failure. The present results also indicate that auto-immune phenomena may play some part in producing slight thyroid failure in non-toxic goitre, but that other factors are responsible for the elevated TSH values in euthyroid subjects after thyroidectomy or treatment with radioiodine.

Predominant intraepithelial localization of primed T cells and immunoglobulin-producing lymphocytes in Graves' disease

1991 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Paschke ◽  
N. Brückner ◽  
R. Schmeidl ◽  
P. Pfiester ◽  
K. H. Usadel
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Pokeweed Mitogen ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Immunoglobulin Synthesis ◽  
Thyroid Glands ◽  
Staining Index

Abstract. It has been proposed that intrathyroidal lymphocytes, localized in specific anatomical sites might have distinct, pathophysiologically relevant functions in Graves' disease. However, most studies of intrathyroidal lymphocytes were restricted to two lymphocyte locations and used semiquantitative methods. Therefore we used seven anatomically different lymphoid compartments to classify and evaluate by quantitative representative methods the total intrathyroidal lymphocytic infiltration and the staining indexes for immunoglobulin-producing plasmocytes and primed T cells (CD45RO), which provide maximum help to pokeweed mitogen-stimulated immunoglobulin synthesis in 36 thyroid glands from patients with Graves' disease. We found only 3.4% of all intrathyroidal lymphocytes intraepithelially. However, only intraepithelial lymphocytes showed a significantly higher staining index for primed T cells compared with several other compartments. There was also a high staining index for immunoglobulin-producing lymphocytes in this compartment. Kappa- and lambda-positive plasmocytes were found in a polyclonal distribution (kappa:lambda=64.1: 35.9) in all compartments. This increased incidence of CD45RO-positive T lymphocytes and of immunoglobulin-producing lymphocytes among the intraepithelial lymphocytes suggests a distinct pathophysiological function of lymphocytes in peripolesis in Graves' disease. Furthermore, there is a polyclonal intrathyroidal immunoglobulin synthesis.

scholarly journals Common carotid artery stiffness in patients with Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD) is comparable to non-dissection controls

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
*Fahad F Almutairi ◽  
*Abtehal Al-hussaini ◽  
Anne-Marie Marsh ◽  
Nilesh J Samani ◽  
Gerry P McCann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Arterial Dissection ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection ◽  
Coronary Artery Dissection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: Arterial dissection is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, hypothesized to be linked to changes in vessel wall elasticity. This study aimed to provide an insight into the pathophysiology of arterial dissection by assessing whether elasticity of the common carotid artery (CCA) differs between patients with confirmed spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) and non-dissection controls. Methods: Ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) estimates of artery wall elasticity were obtained from the left and right CCAs of 89 confirmed SCAD patients and 38 non-dissection controls. SWE images obtained over multiple cardiac cycles were analysed by a blinded observer to estimate elasticity in the form of a Young’s Modulus (YM) value, across regions of interest (ROI) located within the anterior and posterior CCA walls. A confidence limit on the difference in mean YM between SCAD patients and non-dissection controls was estimated. Results: YM estimates ranged from 17 to 133 kPa in SCAD patients compared to 34 to 87 kPa in non-dissection controls. The mean YM of 55 [SD: 21] kPa in SCAD patients was not significantly different to the mean of 57 [SD: 12] kPa in controls, p= 0.32. The difference between groups was 2 kPa [95%CI: -11, 4]. Conclusions: We found no evidence of a significant difference in elasticity of the CCA between SCAD patients and non-dissection controls. This suggests that widespread changes in arterial compliance are not a major factor in the pathogenesis of arterial dissection.

scholarly journals Prostate deformation during hypofractionated radiotherapy: an analysis of implanted fiducial marker displacement

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Knybel ◽  
Jakub Cvek ◽  
Tomas Blazek ◽  
Andrea Binarova ◽  
Tereza Parackova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Fiducial Marker ◽  
Systematic Change ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ct Volume

Abstract Background To report prostate deformation during treatment, based on an analysis of fiducial marker positional differences in a large sample. Material and methods This study included 144 patients treated with prostate stereotactic body radiation therapy after implantation in each of 4 gold fiducial markers (FMs), which were located and numbered consistently. The center of mass of the FMs was recorded for every pair of X-ray images taken during treatment. The distance between each pair of fiducials in the live X-ray images is calculated and compared with the respective distances as determined in the CT volume. The RBE is the difference between these distances. Mean RBE and intrafraction and interfraction RBE were evaluated. The intrafraction and intefraction RBE variability were defined as the standard deviation, respectively, of all RBE during 1 treatment fraction and of the mean daily RBE over the whole treatment course. Results We analyzed 720 treatment fractions comprising 24,453 orthogonal X-ray image acquisitions. We observed a trend to higher RBE related to FM4 (apex) during treatment. The fiducial marker in the prostate apex could not be used in 16% of observations, in which RBE was > 2.5 mm. The mean RBEavg was 0.93 ± 0.39 mm (range 0.32–1.79 mm) over the 5 fractions. The RBEavg was significantly lower for the first and second fraction compared with the others (P < .001). The interfraction variability of RBEavg was 0.26 ± 0.16 mm (range 0.04–0.74 mm). The mean intrafraction variability of all FMs was 0.45 ± 0.25 mm. The highest Pearson correlation coefficient was observed between FM2 and FM3 (middle left and right prostate) (R = 0.78; P < .001). Every combination with FM4 yielded lower coefficients (range 0.66–0.71; P < .001), indicating different deformation of the prostate apex. Conclusions Ideally, prostate deformation is generally small, but it is very sensitive to rectal and bladder filling. We observed RBE up to 11.3 mm. The overall correlation between FMs was affected by shifts of individual fiducials, indicating that the prostate is not a “rigid” organ. Systematic change of RBE average between subsequent fractions indicates a systematic change in prostate shape.

Changes in thyroid volume during antithyroid drug therapy for Graves' disease and its relationship to TSH receptor antibodies, TSH and thyroglobulin

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Yamaguchi ◽  
Toshihiko Inukai ◽  
Akira Iwashita ◽  
Michio Nishino ◽  
Takahiko Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Antithyroid Drug ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Antithyroid Drug Therapy ◽  
Antithyroglobulin Antibodies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Receptor Antibodies ◽  
Tsh Receptor Antibodies ◽  
Serum Tsh

Abstract. Changes in thyroid volume during antithyroid drug therapy for Graves' disease compared with circulating thyroid parameters were evaluated. One hundred and forty-four patients with Graves' disease were treated with methimazole. Thyroid volume was measured by ultrasonography (thyroid volume = Π abc/6, where a is length, b width, and c depth). Serum TSH, TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulins, thyroid-stimulating antibodies, thyroglobulin, antimicrosomal antibodies, and antithyroglobulin antibodies were also measured. In the whole group of patients, thyroid volume correlated significantly with thyroglobulin (p<0.01) and TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulins (p<0.01), but not with TSH, antimicrosomal antibodies, and antithyroglobulin antibodies. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between thyroglobulin and TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulins (p<0.01). In 11 patients the mean thyroid volume decreased significantly after one year of therapy (p<0.01), associated with decreasing levels of serum TSH-binding inhibitory immunoglobulins. Ten patients experienced transient hypothyroidism with an overdose of methimazole, and the mean thyroid volume increased significantly (p<0.01) with increasing serum TSH levels. In conclusion, it is suggested that TSH receptor antibodies may have a thyroid growth-stimulating effect. In addition, circulating thyroglobulin levels reflect thyroid volume in Graves' disease.

scholarly journals Sex variations in thumbprint ridge count of a Nigerian population in Calabar Municipality

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1544-1551
Author(s):  
Iso Iso Usang ◽  
O.E. Mesembe ◽  
E.O. Ewunonu
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Method ◽  
Ridge Count ◽  
Nigerian Population ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

The present study aimed at determining the association between thumbprint ridge count and sex variation among Nigerians in Calabar Municipality. A total number of 300 subjects (150 males and 150 females) aged between 12-35 years participated in the study. Conventional method of using ink pad was used to collect thumbprint of both hands and analysed using magnifying lens. The study confirmed the results of some earlier works done by other researchers on fingerprints. It further established the distribution proportions of thumbprint for both hands in both sexes for the population. The uniqueness of fingerprint to individuals was reaffirmed as no two thumbprints were identical among the 300 subjects under study. These results show that the order of prevalence are as follows; among males, in whatever combination of thumbprint pattern, whorl is the most occurring, followed by loop and arch. Among females, in whatever combination of thumbprint pattern, loop is the most occurring followed by whorl and arch. The result equally showed the mean thumbprint ridge count of females to be lower than that of males (20.91 as against 27.85 respectively). The difference in pattern between left and right hands in females was significant. In conclusion the thumbprint ridge count shows gender dysmorphism in the Nigerian population.Keywords: Fingers, epidermal ridges, thumbprint ridge count

scholarly journals Association between rs12045440 Polymorphism in the CAPZB Intron and Serum TSH Concentrations in Chinese Thyroid Tumor Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouhao Feng ◽  
Shengli Lin ◽  
Jidong Zou ◽  
Yulong Wang ◽  
Qinghai Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tumor ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Benign Thyroid ◽  
Tsh Levels ◽  
Relevant Covariates

The aim of this study was to investigate the possible influence of different genotypes of the lead single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs10917468 and rs12045440 in the CAPZB gene on the thyroid function in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and benign thyroid neoplasm (BN) patients. In the study, a significant association was detected between rs12045440 and serum TSH concentrations in thyroid tumor patients (p=0.001). After the adjustment of relevant covariates, the difference between the mean serum TSH levels in different genotypes of rs12045440 was still significant in the BN group (p=0.003) but was not significant in the PTC cases (p=0.115). No significant association of rs10917468 with TSH levels was found. The SNP rs12045440 was associated with the serum TSH concentrations in Chinese thyroid tumor patients, especially in benign thyroid tumor cases.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE THYROID PROFILE, HS-CRP AND LIPID PROFILE IN NEWLY DETECTED HYPOTHYROID ADULTS: CASE-CONTROL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Nirma ◽  
Aditya Kumar ◽  
Satish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
And Control ◽  
Serum Tsh

Aim: to analyse the thyroid profile, hs-CRP and lipid profile in newly detected hypothyroid adults in comparison to controls and also to compare the above parameters in subclinical and clinical hypothyroid cases. Material and methods: The study was a cross sectional study which was carried in Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India from October 2019 to march 2020. Total 240 patients were divided into 2 groups. Group-1 for newly detected hypothyroid adults and Group 2 as Controls. Blood samples were collected with full aseptic precautions after obtaining informed consent. Clot activator that contains vacuum evacuated tubes for analysis of serum TSH, FT3, FT4, TC, HDL-c, LDL-c, TG, hs-CRP. Then after collection, serum samples were stored at -200 until analyzed. Anthropometric measurements for BMI, height (cm) and body weight (kg) were measured. Results: The mean age of cases and controls in our study was found to be 36.12±12.21years and 35.87±11.06years respectively (p = 0.81). BMI values in the study were higher in cases (27.24 ± 4.65kg/m2) compared to controls (25.17 ± 4.37kg/m2) and was statistically significant (P = 0.03). In the study, the mean TSH levels (15.27 ± 9.2µIU/ml) of cases were high compared to controls (3.1 ± 0.88µIU/ml) and were statistically significant (p<0.001). The mean serum hs-CRP levels in both the study groups was within the reference range, but it was high and statistically significant in cases than in control (p = 0.004). The total cholesterol level in cases (182.29 ± 39.75mg/dl) and control (184.27±28.37mg/dl) were within the reference range and there was no statistical significance (p = 0.82). Further it was found that HDL-c in cases (45.89±9.47mg/dl) and control (52.87±6.7mg/dl) were found to be lower in cases compared to controls and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The mean LDLc value in cases (145.14±34.12mg/dl) and control (132.05±32.14mg/dl) was high in cases and the difference was statistically significant (p= 0.01). The triglyceride levels of cases (159.26±49.87mg/dl) were significantly higher than that of control (146.23±29.27mg/dl) and was statistically significant (p=0.03). hs -CRP levels were in within reference range for 92 (76.67%) of cases and 109(90.83%)controls whereas above the normal range was seen in 28 (23.33%) cases and only 11(9.17%) controls. Out of 120, 64.17% (n=77) were subclinical hypothyroid (SCH) and 35.83% (n=43) were clinical hypothyroid (CH) cases. There was a significant increase in serum TSH in CH (24.11 ± 9.1µIU/ml) as compared to SCH (10.2 ± 2.2 µIU/ml). The difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: we concluded that the hypertriglyceridemia and at risk hs-CRP levels though seen in hypothyroid cases were more prominent in CH cases than SCH. Dyslipidemia and inflammatory markers were found to be increased in the cases that helped in prediction and evaluation of patients at risk of cardiovascular disease.

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