scholarly journals Lingual thyroid gland: it’s time for awareness

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Cruz-Dardíz ◽  
Nadyeschka Rivera-Santana ◽  
Marina Torres-Torres ◽  
Héctor Cintrón-Colón ◽  
Shayanne Lajud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
List Type ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Tissue

Summary Lingual thyroid (LT) gland is the most common type of ectopic thyroid tissue, but it is an extremely rare presentation. We present a case of a 41-year-old Hispanic female patient complaining of dysphonia and dysphagia. As part of the evaluation, fiber optic flexible indirect laryngoscopy (FIL) was performed which revealed a mass at the base of the tongue. The morphological examination was highly suspicious for ectopic thyroid tissue and the diagnosis was confirmed with neck ultrasound and thyroid scintigraphy. Although the patient presented subclinical hypothyroidism, levothyroxine therapy was initiated with a favorable response which included resolution of symptoms and mass size reduction. Our case portrays how thyroid hormone replacement therapy (THRT) may lead to a reduction in the size of the ectopic tissue and improvement of symptoms, thus avoiding the need for surgical intervention which could result in profound hypothyroidism severely affecting the patients’ quality of life. Learning points: Benign LT and malignant LT are indistinguishable clinically and radiographically for which histopathology is recommended. THRT, radioactive iodine 131 (RAI) therapy, and surgical excision are potential management options for LT. THRT may lead to size reduction of the ectopic tissue and resolution of symptoms avoiding surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Dual ectopic thyroid associated with thyroid hemiagenesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenori Nakamura ◽  
Teruyuki Masuda ◽  
Masatoshi Ishimori
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
List Type ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Hemiagenesis ◽  
Dual Ectopic Thyroid

Summary We report a case of a 15-year-old girl with a midline neck mass that was first noted 2 or 3 years previously. She had been treated with levothyroxine (L-T4) for congenital hypothyroidism until 11 years of age. Ultrasonography revealed an atrophic right thyroid (1.0 × 1.6 × 2.6 cm in size) and a mass (2.3 × 1.0 × 3.5 cm in size) in the upper part of the neck. No left lobe of the thyroid was detected. On further evaluation, Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy and CT showed ectopic thyroid tissue in the lingual region and infrahyoid region. Thus, she was diagnosed as having dual ectopic thyroid and thyroid hemiagenesis. The atrophic right thyroid was thought be non-functional. Treatment with L-T4 was started to reduce the size of the dual ectopic thyroid tissue. This may be the first reported case of dual ectopic thyroid associated with hemiagenesis detected only by ultrasonography. Learning points: Ultrasonography can confirm the presence or absence of orthotopic thyroid tissue in patients with ectopic thyroid. The cause of congenital hypothyroidism should be examined. Clinical manifestation of ectopic thyroid may appear when the treatment with L-T4 is discontinued. Annual follow-up is needed in all children when their thyroid hormone replacement is stopped.

scholarly journals Incidental Finding of Dual Ectopic Thyroid on Computed Tomography Angiography

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Pierro ◽  
Savino Cilla ◽  
Pietro Modugno ◽  
Giuseppina Sallustio
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid Function ◽  
Dual Ectopic Thyroid

The presence of simultaneous two ectopic foci of thyroid tissue (dual ectopic thyroid) is rare, and few cases have been reported in the literature. The ectopic thyroid tissue is an extremely uncommon embryological aberration due to the alterations occurring during the embryological development with incomplete migration of thyroid precursors. Commonly ectopic thyroid tissue is a midline structures, but the lateral location is possible but very rare. Ectopic thyroid is common in women and can vary in size from a microscopic focus to a few centimeters. The normal process of migration of the thyroid can be interrupted at various levels determining a lingual ectopy, a sublingual ectopic, prelaryngeal ectopy, or mediastinic ectopy. Intrathoracic and subdiaphragmatic organs are other sites where the ectopic thyroid tissue may be present. In most of the cases, ectopic tissue is a lingual thyroid and this condition can be totally asymptomatic, discovered incidentally, or occurs with symptoms such as dysphonia, dysphagia, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. Sublingual or suprahyoid ectopia is rare and even rarer are the cases of two foci of ectopic thyroid tissue simultaneously present. On imaging, the ectopic tissue shows the same characteristics of orthotopic thyroid tissue and similarly can undergo goiterous and cancerous transformation. We report a case of incidental dual ectopic thyroid in lingual and suprahyoid level in a 72-year-old female patient, asymptomatic and with normal thyroid function, who underwent computed tomography (CT) angiography before vascular surgery for the treatment of carotid stenosis. The presence of a lingual thyroid can lead to a difficult and dangerous intubation, with possible fatal consequences. For this reason, the discovery of these abnormalities has totally changed the patient management who has been subjected to endovascular treatment, instead to the classical surgery.

scholarly journals Ectopic Thyroid Tissue: A Case Series

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somnath Saha ◽  
Anirban Ghosh ◽  
Sudipta Pal ◽  
V Padmini Saha
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Substitution Therapy ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Tissue

Objective: To describe the clinical presentation and course of seven ectopic thyroid patients. Methods: Design: Retrospective Chart Review Setting: Tertiary Government Teaching Hospital Subjects: Seven patients Results: Five patients were female and two were male (ratio of 5:2). Three belonged to the 20 to 30 year-old age group, whereas two were below 10 years of age. All seven were biochemically hypothyroid and ectopic thyroid was found to be the only functioning thyroid tissue.Three patients were managed medically with levothyroxine, while ectopic thyroid was excised in four.  Ectopic thyroid tissue was autotransplanted in two cases following excision. Conclusion: The ages of presentation in the present series correspond with the increased physiological demand of thyroid hormone. Thyroid substitution therapy is a must in the presence of clinical and/or biochemical hypothyroidism. Surgical excision should be avoided as far as possible especially if the ectopic tissue is the only functioning thyroid in the body. Surgery is required in selected cases presenting with obstructive symptoms or hemorrhage which are unresponsive to substitution therapy. Auto transplantation of the ectopic thyroid may not provide significant benefit to the patient and more research is warranted in this aspect. Keywords: ectopic thyroid, lingual thyroid, thyroid replacement therapy, ectopic thyroid surgery.  

scholarly journals Developing anterior mediastinum mass after orthotopic thyroidectomy: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Meira Soares Camelo ◽  
José Maria Barros
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Anterior Mediastinum ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Tissue ◽  
Thyroid Scan ◽  
Imaging Results ◽  
Adjacent Structures

Abstract Background Ectopic thyroid tissue is a rare embryological aberration described by the occurrence of thyroid tissue at a site other than in its normal pretracheal location. Depending on the time of the disruption during embryogenesis, ectopic thyroid may occur at several positions from the base of the tongue to the thyroglossal duct. Ectopic mediastinal thyroid tissue is normally asymptomatic, but particularly after orthotopic thyroidectomy, it might turn out to be symptomatic. Symptoms are normally due to compression of adjacent structures. Case presentation We present a case of a 66-year-old male submitted to a total thyroidectomy 3 years ago, due to multinodular goiter (pathological results revealed nodular hyperplasia and no evidence of malignancy), under thyroid replacement therapy. Over the last year, he developed hoarseness, choking sensation in the chest, and shortness of breath. Thyroid markers were unremarkable. He was submitted to neck and thoracic computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and radionuclide thyroid scan. Imaging results identified an anterior mediastinum solid lesion. A radionuclide thyroid scan confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic thyroid tissue. The patient refused surgery. Conclusions Ectopic thyroid tissue can occur either as the only detectable thyroid gland tissue or in addition to a normotopic thyroid gland. After a total thyroidectomy, thyroid-stimulating hormone can promote a compensatory volume growth of previously asymptomatic ectopic tissue. This can be particularly diagnosis challenging since ectopic tissue can arise as an ambiguous space-occupying lesion.

scholarly journals Submandibular ectopic thyroid gland: an uncommon presentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inès Riahi ◽  
Rim Fradi ◽  
Ibtissem Ben Nacef ◽  
Ahlem Blel
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Submandibular Region ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Thyroglossal Duct ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Uncommon Presentation

Abstract Background Ectopic thyroid is a developmental anomaly of the thyroid gland of embryological origin. Instead of having a pretracheal situation, thyroid tissue is elsewhere, most commonly in the median cervical line along the course of the thyroglossal duct. Lingual thyroid is the most common presentation. Ectopic thyroid tissue in the submandibular region has been rarely reported. Case presentation We report herein a case of a 65-year-old man admitted to our department with a complaint of a painless swelling in the left submandibular region. Conclusions Thyroid gland ectopia should be considered among the differential diagnoses of submandibular swelling. Ectopic thyroid tissue can present with the same pathology affecting the normal thyroid gland such as malignancy and hyperthyroidism.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Imaging of Cervical Anatomic Variants

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cordes ◽  
Stephan Coerper ◽  
Torsten Kuwert ◽  
Christian Schmidkonz
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Parathyroid Glands ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Developmental Anomalies ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Anatomic Variants ◽  
Developmental Variants

: Embryologic developmental variants of the thyroid and parathyroid glands may cause cervical anomalies that are detectable in ultrasound examinations of the neck. For some of these developmental variants, molecular genetic factors have been identified. Ultrasound, as the first-line imaging procedure, has proven useful in detecting clinically relevant anatomic variants. The aim of this article was to systematically summarize the ultrasound characteristics of developmental variants of the thyroid and parathyroid glands as well as ectopic thymus and neck cysts. Quantitative measures were developed based on our own findings and the respective literature. Developmental anomalies frequently manifest as cysts that can be detected by cervical ultrasound examinations. Median neck cysts are the most common congenital cervical cystic lesions, with a reported prevalence of 7% in the general population. Besides cystic malformations, developmental anomalies may appear as ectopic or dystopic tissue. Ectopic thyroid tissue is observed in the midline of the neck in most patients and has a prevalence of 1/100,000 to 1/300,000. Lingual thyroid accounts for 90% of cases of ectopic thyroid tissue. Zuckerkandl tubercles (ZTs) have been detected in 55% of all thyroid lobes. Prominent ZTs are frequently observed in thyroid lobes affected by autoimmune thyroiditis compared with normal lobes or nodular lobes (P = 0.006). The correct interpretation of the ultrasound characteristics of these variants is essential to establish the clinical diagnosis. In the preoperative assessment, the identification of these cervical anomalies via ultrasound examination is indispensable.

scholarly journals Lingual Thyroid with Hyperthyroidism in a Child: A Rare Presentation

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
Nikhil Arora ◽  
Eishaan Bhargava ◽  
Kanika Rana
Keyword(s):  
Medical Management ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

ABSTRACT Lingual thyroid is the most common presentation of ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT). It is a rare condition presents in about 1 in 100,000 populations, more commonly is seen in females. It is even rarer in children. It is mainly associated with euthyroid or hypothyroid status; hyperthyroidism is rarely seen. Its management varies from surgical excision to medical management. Here, we present a case of lingual thyroid presenting with hyperthyroidism and its management. How to cite this article Rana K, Arora N, Wadhwa V, Bhargava E. Lingual Thyroid with Hyperthyroidism in a Child: A Rare Presentation. World J Endoc Surg 2015;7(2):36-38.

scholarly journals Ectopic thyroid masquerading as submandibular tumour: a case report

2011 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. e77-e80 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Deshmukh ◽  
R Katna ◽  
A Patil ◽  
DA Chaukar ◽  
S Basu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Submandibular Region ◽  
Submandibular Space ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Cervical Cysts

An ectopic thyroid gland may be present in any location along the path of migration from the foramen caecum to the mediastinum. The most common locations for an ectopic thyroid are the lingual thyroid followed by median cervical cysts. An ectopic thyroid in the submandibular region is extremely rare. We present the case of a 44-year-old patient with ectopic thyroid tissue in submandibular space and a review of the literature related to it.

scholarly journals Ectopic lingual thyroid: The role of imaging

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
J. Kew ◽  
A. Ahuja ◽  
P. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Tongue Base ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid ◽  
Lingual Thyroid ◽  
Ectopic Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Common Location

Ectopic thyroid tissue may be found throughout the migration course of the thyroid gland. Thyroid ectopy may be partial or total. The most common location of ectopic thyroid tissue is in the tongue base (lingual thyroid). We discuss the computed tomography (CT) and radioisotope findings of a patient with ectopic lingual thyroid.

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