Production of interferon by red deer (Cervus elaphus) conceptuses and the effects of roIFN-tau on the timing of luteolysis and the success of asynchronous embryo transfer

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
KJ Demmers ◽  
HN Jabbour ◽  
DW Deakin ◽  
AP Flint
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Interferon Tau ◽  
Recombinant Interferon ◽  
Uterine Flushing ◽  
Calving Rate

The role of interferon in early pregnancy in red deer was investigated by (a) measuring production of interferon by the conceptus, (b) testing the anti-luteolytic effect of recombinant interferon-tau in non-pregnant hinds, and (c) treatment of hinds with interferon after asynchronous embryo transfer. Blastocysts were collected from 34 hinds by uterine flushing 14 (n = 2), 16 (n = 2), 18 (n = 8), 20 (n = 13) or 22 (n = 9) days after synchronization of oestrus with progesterone withdrawal. Interferon anti-viral activity was detectable in uterine flushings from day 16 to day 22, and increased with duration of gestation (P < 0.01) and developmental stage (P < 0.01). When interferon-tau was administered daily between day 14 and day 20 to non-pregnant hinds to mimic natural blastocyst production, luteolysis was delayed by a dose of 0.2 mg day(-1) (27.3 +/- 1.3 days after synchronization, n = 4 versus 21 +/- 0 days in control hinds, n = 3; P < 0.05). Interferon-tau was administered to hinds after asynchronous embryo transfer to determine whether it protects the conceptus against early pregnancy loss. Embryos (n = 24) collected on day 6 from naturally mated, superovulated donors (n = 15) were transferred into synchronized recipients on day 10 or day 11. Interferon-tau treatment (0.2 mg daily from day 14 to 20) increased calving rate from 0 to 64% in all recipients (0/11 versus 7/11, P < 0.005), and from 0 to 67% in day 10 recipients (0/8 versus 6/9, P < 0.01). The increased success rate of asynchronous embryo transfer after interferon-tau treatment in cervids may be of benefit where mismatched embryo-maternal signalling leads to failure in the establishment of pregnancy.

Role of ovarian failure in reproductive senescence in aged red deer (Cervus elaphus) hinds

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fisher ◽  
B. McLeod ◽  
D. Heath ◽  
S Lun ◽  
P. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Ovarian Failure ◽  
Reproductive Senescence

The role of Interleukin-18 in recurrent early pregnancy loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 103432
Author(s):  
Sanja Löb ◽  
Beate Ochmann ◽  
Zhi Ma ◽  
Theresa Vilsmaier ◽  
Christina Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Early Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Interleukin 18 ◽  
Recurrent Early Pregnancy Loss

scholarly journals Role of Estrogen and Prostaglandin F2α in Premature Luteal Regression in Monovulatory and Superovulated Red Deer (Cervus Elaphus)1

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R.J. Bainbridge ◽  
Morag G. Hunter ◽  
Dennis G. Chapple ◽  
Anthony P.F. Flint ◽  
Henry N. Jabbour
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Luteal Regression

Regulation of aminopeptidases by the renin - angiotensin system: monitoring seasonal variations in red deer and fallow deer from a Mediterranean ecosystem

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 761
Author(s):  
A. Galán-Ocaña ◽  
M. J. Ramírez-Expósito ◽  
J. M. Martínez-Martos ◽  
S. Tellado ◽  
C. Azorit
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystem ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin

The circulating renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is well known for its systemic role in the regulation of blood pressure, renal hemodynamics and fluid homeostasis. However, in mammals several organs also contain a local RAS, including male and female reproductive tissues. In the present study we analysed serum from a free-living population of red deer (Cervus elaphus hispanicus) and fallow deer (Dama dama) to determine the activity of four RAS-regulating aminopeptidases (aminopeptidase A, aspartyl aminopeptidase, aminopeptidase N and aminopeptidase B) as part of a study of annual cycles of growth and condition. Our aim was to detect seasonal variations in the activities of these aminopeptidases and their relationship to the reproductive behaviour of both species in a Mediterranean environment. In both males and females there was a maximum peak of activity in autumn. A second peak was detected in spring for males while in females activity was also higher in summer. These changes may be related to a different endocrine status according to their seasonal cycle, the decreased photoperiod in autumn and the normal timing of the seasonal growth cycle. Thus, changes in the activity of RAS-regulating aminopeptidases could reflect the functional role of angiotensins through the annual cycle of both species, also suggesting an important role of these peptide hormones in the regulation of these biological processes.

132 SUCCESSFUL EMBRYO TRANSFER OF IN VIVO-PRODUCED RED DEER (CERVUS ELAPHUS) EMBRYOS AFTER CRYOPRESERVATION BY SLOW FREEZING OR VITRIFICATION

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
J. P. Soler ◽  
G. G. Kaiser ◽  
N. Mucci ◽  
L. B. Ferre ◽  
R. H. Alberio
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Slow Freezing ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Embryo Cryopreservation ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cryopreserved Embryos

Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) programs for red deer (Cervus elaphus) have been established commercially over the last decade, with embryo cryopreservation being a related practice necessary to enhance the use of valuable genetic information. The aim of this work was to establish alternative methods for red deer embryo cryopreservation by using slow freezing with ethylene glycol (SF–EG) and vitrification by open pulled straw (OPS) methods. After surgical flushing of 18 superstimulated donors, 54 transferable embryos were recovered; 28 were transferred fresh to synchronized recipients and the others were cryopreserved by SF–EG (n = 11) or OPS (n = 15), respectively thawed or warmed, and transferred to recipients. Fresh embryos were maintained in Dulbecco's PBS + 20% cow serum (holding medium, HM) until transfer (maximum 3 h after collection). SF–EG cryopreserved embryos were suspended in HM + 1.78 M EG + 0.1 M sucrose + 4 mg mL−1 BSA. After a 10-min equilibration, embryos were loaded individually into 0.25-mL plastic straws and placed into a −7°C methanol bath chamber. After seeding (5 min later), the straws were cooled from −7 to −35°C at a rate of 0.5°C min. Straws were plunged into and stored in liquid nitrogen. Thawing was performed by placing the straws in a 30°C water bath for 30 s; their contents were drained into HM until transfer. Embryos were vitrified using the OPS method with minor modifications. They were first incubated in HM + 1.78 M EG + 1.3 M DMSO for 3 min and then transferred for 25 s into a vitrification solution of HM + 3.56 M EG + 2.6 M DMSO + 0.5 M sucrose. Each embryo was loaded by touching a 1-µL drop with the straw, which was immediately submerged into and stored in liquid nitrogen. Warming was done by placing the narrow end of the straws into HM + 0.25 M sucrose for 5 min. Embryos were then transferred into HM + 0.15 M sucrose for 5 min and finally to HM until transfer. Both types of cryopreserved embryos were transferred a few hours after collection, immediately after thawing or warming. Before embryo transfer, the presence of corpus luteum (CL) of recipients was confirmed by laparoscopic examination. Each embryo was surgically transferred into the apical extreme of the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL of one recipient. Pregnancy was determined by ultrasonography 41 days after embryo transfer. The pregnancy rate between groups was compared with the chi-square test (P &lt; 0.05). No statistical differences were found between groups (Table 1). Our results show that both vitrification and slow freezing methods with EG are suitable to cryopreserve red deer embryos. Table 1. Pregnancy rates in recipient hinds after transfer of fresh, vitrified, or frozen red deer embryos

scholarly journals Is there more to the story than aneuploidy: uncovering factors associated with early pregnancy loss following euploid embryo transfer

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. e23
Author(s):  
Kathryn Shaia ◽  
Lucky Sekhon ◽  
Joseph Lee ◽  
Tanmoy Mukherjee ◽  
Lawrence Grunfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Early Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Euploid Embryo

scholarly journals CAUSES OF EARLY PREGNANCY LOSS IN FROZEN-THAWED EMBRYO TRANSFER CYCLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. e302
Author(s):  
Gönül Özer ◽  
Beril Yuksel ◽  
Aysu Akça ◽  
Ipek Nur Balin Duzguner ◽  
Semra Kahraman
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Early Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Frozen Thawed Embryo Transfer ◽  
Thawed Embryo Transfer

scholarly journals Sarcocystis spp. in red deer (Cervus elaphus), fallow deer (Dama dama), and pudu (Pudu pudu) in southern Chile

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 874-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteban Reyes Lobão-Tello ◽  
Enrique Paredes ◽  
María José Navarrete-Talloni
Keyword(s):  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
First Record ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Sarcocystis Spp

ABSTRACT: Worldwinde, cervids are considered an important source of infection and dissemination of a wide variety of pathogens, both for farm animals and humans. Among this diseases is sarcosporidiosis, which is a parasitic disease caused by Sarcocystis spp. (Protozoa: Apicomplexa). Most frequent clinical signs are hemolytic anemia, weakness, weight loss and decrease of growth and some species of Sarcocystis might cause abortions. The clinical disease in ruminants is fairly rare but the infection is very frequent. Infections are accumulative and the parasite does not generate immunity in any of the hosts. Ovine sarcosporidiosis is a serious issue in the some regions of Chile due to the macrocysts located in the muscle which means condemnation of the whole carcass. Sarcocystis spp. has been widely reported in red deer and other cervid species but in Chile the situation remains unknown. Nowadays there is little to no evidence of Sarcocystis in foreign deer in Chile and there is only one report of the parasite on pudu. The main goal of this study is to demonstrate the presence of Sarcocystis spp. in myocardium of red deer and fallow deer in Chile, and confirm the presence of Sarcocystis spp. in pudu. All cervid cases from 1994 to 2013 of the Institute of Animal Pathology of the Universidad Austral de Chile were reviewed. The animals selected were those in which a myocardium sample was taken. From the histopathological samples observed, it was found that 5 of the 9 red deer, 1 of the 4 fallow deer and in 11 of the 23 pudu there were Sarcocystis cysts in the myocardium. This study represents the first record for Chile of Sarcocystis spp. in myocardium of red deer and fallow deer. Stablishing the red deer, fallow deer and pudu as hosts of Sarcocystis aids to have a better understanding of the parasite epidemiology in Chile and the role of wild and captive cervids in the maintenance and spread of these parasites.

The Role of Embryo Quality in the Prediction of Early Pregnancy Loss Following ART

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. S287-S288
Author(s):  
A. Hourvitz ◽  
L. Lerner-Geva ◽  
S.E. Elizur ◽  
M. Baum ◽  
J. Levron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Embryo Quality ◽  
Early Pregnancy Loss
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