The assessment of tsunami heights above the bottom slope within the wave-ray approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Slope ◽  
Wave Ray

Suppression of Baroclinic Instabilities in Buoyancy-Driven Flow over Sloping Bathymetry

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Hetland
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Linear Instability ◽  
Linear Stability Theory ◽  
Buoyancy Frequency ◽  
Bottom Slope ◽  
Coriolis Parameter ◽  
Plume Front ◽  
Instability Theory ◽  
Instability Growth ◽  
Flow Configurations

AbstractBaroclinic instabilities are ubiquitous in many types of geostrophic flow; however, they are seldom observed in river plumes despite strong lateral density gradients within the plume front. Supported by results from a realistic numerical simulation of the Mississippi–Atchafalaya River plume, idealized numerical simulations of buoyancy-driven flow are used to investigate baroclinic instabilities in buoyancy-driven flow over a sloping bottom. The parameter space is defined by the slope Burger number S = Nf−1α, where N is the buoyancy frequency, f is the Coriolis parameter, and α is the bottom slope, and the Richardson number Ri = N2f2M−4, where M2 = |∇Hb| is the magnitude of the lateral buoyancy gradients. Instabilities only form in a subset of the simulations, with the criterion that SH ≡ SRi−1/2 = Uf−1W−1 = M2f−2α 0.2, where U is a horizontal velocity scale and SH is a new parameter named the horizontal slope Burger number. Suppression of instability formation for certain flow conditions contrasts linear stability theory, which predicts that all flow configurations will be subject to instabilities. The instability growth rate estimated in the nonlinear 3D model is proportional to ωImaxS−1/2, where ωImax is the dimensional growth rate predicted by linear instability theory, indicating that bottom slope inhibits instability growth beyond that predicted by linear theory. The constraint SH 0.2 implies a relationship between the inertial radius Li = Uf−1 and the plume width W. Instabilities may not form when 5Li > W; that is, the plume is too narrow for the eddies to fit.

Ice wedges on hillslopes and landform evolution in the late Quaternary, western Arctic coast, Canada

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1093-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ross Mackay
Keyword(s):  
Active Layer ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Bottom Slope ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Landform Evolution ◽  
Ice Wedge ◽  
Western Arctic ◽  
Arctic Coast ◽  
The Mean

In rolling to hilly areas of the western Arctic coast of Canada, anti-syngenetic wedges, which by definition are those that grow on denudational slopes, are the most abundant type of ice wedge. Through prolonged slope denudation, hilltop epigenetic wedges can evolve into hillslope anti-syngenetic wedges, and some bottom-slope anti-syngenetic wedges, by means of deposition from upslope, can evolve into bottom-slope syngenetic wedges. The axis of a hillslope wedge is oriented perpendicular to the slope, so the wedge foliation varies according to the trend of the wedge with respect to the slope. Because the tops of hillslope wedges are truncated by slope recession, the mean chronological age of anti-syngenetic wedge ice decreases with time, so the growth record for an old wedge is incomplete. Summer and winter measurements show that a thermally induced net movement of the active layer of hillslope polygons tends to transport material from their centres towards their troughs independent of the trends of the troughs relative to the slope. Wedge-ice uplift, probably diapiric, has been measured. Some hillslope polygon patterns may predate the development of the present topography. Many Wisconsinan wedges, truncated and buried during the Hypsithermal period, have been reactivated by upward cracking.

To unify travelling- and standing-wave ray-wave structured light by coherent wave packets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyang Wang ◽  
Yijie Shen ◽  
Zhensong Wan ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Xing Fu
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Structured Light ◽  
Wave Packets ◽  
Coherent Wave ◽  
Wave Ray

Costal Structure Design with Wave Condition Prediction

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 1243-1246
Author(s):  
Xue Hui Lin ◽  
Zhao Lu ◽  
Ren Yu Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Wave Climate ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Bottom Slope ◽  
Wave Condition ◽  
Coastal Structure ◽  
Depth Data ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Vertical Breakwater ◽  
The Given ◽  
Water Depths

This paper introduces a coastal structure design to protect a reclamation site, which will be fixed at a level of +8 m above the chart datum. A jetty will be also used for loading and unloading of materials from the plant that will be developed on the nearby reclamation site. From the given site contours and water depth data, the bottom slope of the sandy foreshore can be determined. In order to design the coastal structure, the wave climate must be considered and analyzed in priority. For the vertical breakwater to be located on the other side of the berth jetty, the required base and height was determined. In addition, the seawalls for the reclamation platform were analyzed at different water depths.

Analysis and solutions for OBN operation in ocean bottom slope terrain

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Yu ◽  
Mao Hejiang ◽  
Niu Jinfu ◽  
Li Pengcheng ◽  
Deng Bo
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Bottom ◽  
Bottom Slope
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