scholarly journals Implementation of blood safety legislation in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-88
Author(s):  
Usman Waheed ◽  
Naveed Ahmed ◽  
Wafa Hussain ◽  
 Akhlaaq Wazeer ◽  
Noor e Saba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
The Public ◽  
Blood Banks ◽  
Minimum Criteria ◽  
Breaking Work

Pakistan’s blood transfusion system is regulated by federal and provincial legislation, adopted since 1997. The Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) is one of the autonomously administered territories of Pakistan. The AJK’s blood safety act came out in 2003, to regulate the blood transfusion services but remained ineffective for the next decade due to no implementation. During the period 2014-2017, the AJK government sought technical assistance from the Islamabad Blood Transfusion Authority and initiated the implementation of blood safety legislation in the state of AJK through the AJK Blood Transfusion Authority. The AJK BTA identified and inspected 64 blood banks with a total annual blood collection of 30,833. The majority (75%) of the blood banks were in NGO/private sector while the remaining 25% belonged to the public sector. Only six blood banks fulfilled the minimum criteria of licensing set by the AJK BTA. As a result of this ground-breaking work, the AJK became the second region of the country (after Islamabad Capital Territory) to have completed a mapping and inspection exercise in the entire State. This will go a long way in the consolidation of blood transfusion services in AJK.

HIV and the Blood Supply: Assessing MANTRA Legislation

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Carolyn R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cost Of Health Care ◽  
Dramatic Decline ◽  
Mandatory Notification ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
The Cost

Despite a dramatic decline in transfusion-associated AIDS, increased safety of the national blood supply, and voluntary efforts to find alternatives to homologous blood sources, Americans remain fearful about the possibility of acquiring AIDS through a blood transfusion. Numerous states have initiated legislative efforts that would require explicit warnings about blood safety and that would direct patients to alternative sources of blood. These proposed laws—known as MANTRA bills, for “mandatory notification of transfusion alternatives”—would require physicians to advise patients of blood transfusion options prior to any surgery. Many would mandate the development of new informed consent documents and involve health departments in the implementation of new regulations regarding transfusions. This article concludes that MANTRA legislation is primarily a symbolic attempt to reassure the public about AIDS. It mandates practices that are being adopted voluntarily; it will not make the blood supply safer; it will increase the cost of health care to individuals and in the aggregate; it may diminish the number of donors to the voluntary blood supply system; and it is likely to intensify public fear about the risk of a blood transfusion.

scholarly journals Republic of Moldova

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (240) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Trust Fund ◽  
The Public ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Public Property ◽  
Data Gaps ◽  
National Bank ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Treasury Department

In response to a request from the European Department, a Public-Sector Debt Statistics (PSDS) technical assistance (TA) mission was conducted in Chisinau during October 2–8, 2019. The mission funded by the Data for Decisions (D4D) multi-donor trust fund and followed up on a D4D Public Sector Debt Statistics (PSDS) workshop held in Vienna, Austria during July 2019, where participants from Moldova identified data gaps with current compilation of debt statistics. The mission primarily worked with the Ministry of Finance (MOF) Public Debt Department (PDD), but also had discussions with the Budget and Treasury Department. Outside the MOF, the mission had meetings with the Public Property Agency (PPA), the Municipality of Chisinau and the National Bank of Moldova (NBM). Finally, the mission also held a joint meeting with representatives of a separate IMF TA Mission on sectoral accounts with Treasury and attended the concluding meeting of that mission with the NBM.

scholarly journals FINANCING THE PROCESS OF PROVIDING PUBLIC SERVICES IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF INFORMATIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (39) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
I. Mokhova ◽  
I. Dragan ◽  
O. Коzyrieva ◽  
N. Gavkalova ◽  
A. Dubovik
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Forecast Model ◽  
The State ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Service

Abstract. The article examines the mechanisms of process financing informatization of administrative services. The purpose of the article is to determine the sources of funding and prospects for the provision of administrative services in terms of informatization of the public sector of Ukraine. Research methods are comparative analysis of analytical and official statistical data of Ukraine, institutes of international support on the basis of group classification of instruments of financing of Administrative Servics Center (ASC). It is proved that decentralization, development and improvement of the quality of administrative services determine the ASC as a priority area of reforming the system of administrative services in Ukraine. The legal bases of creation and maintenance of functioning of ASC, legal statuses of establishment, principles of process of rendering of administrative services in ASC are defined. The dynamics of the number of administrative service centers and regional features of functioning are analyzed. Sources of financing of ASC (the state budget, regional and city budgets, means of the State fund of regional development, the international projects of technical assistance) are allocated. It is proved that the most common and largest source of funding for informatization processes in the ASC is the state budget (subvention for infrastructure development). The authors propose a forecast model for the creation and development of administrative service centers in Ukraine under conditions of further state funding in appropriate volumes. The necessity of attracting external sources of financing (funds of international technical assistance projects, initiatives of international donors) in the conditions of limited and deficit of the state budget of Ukraine is substantiated. The necessity of modernization of ASC from the point of view of use of IT-technologies is substantiated. Priority areas for comprehensive reform of improving the quality of administrative services are identified: decentralization, simplification, deregulation, institutional capacity development and communication support. Keywords: financing, administrative services, informatization, public sector. JEL Classification D92 Formulas: 0; fig.: 4; tabl.: 1; bibl.: 13.

scholarly journals The Development of Legal Framework on Blood Donation and Blood Safety of China in 24 Years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Li ◽  
Dajun Gao ◽  
Kang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Testing Technology ◽  
Design And Methods

Abstract Background This study analyzes the regulations and developments in blood donation from 1996 to 2019 in China, and demonstrate the government’s efforts in improving blood safety.Study Design and Methods We compiled blood transfusion laws and regulations implemented from 1998 to 2019 and official published data on blood donation. Thereafter, we analyzed the impacts of these changes.Results Since the implementation of the Blood Donation Law in 1998, the number of blood donors in China increased by 275% from 1998 to 2018 (from 4 million to 15 million). The principle of no-fault liability was proposed and has been applied since 2010 to the tort liability related to blood transfusion malpractice. In 2015, mutual blood donation accounts for 4.2% of the national collection. However, in some provinces of China, the percentage of mutual blood donation increased from 9.3–35.6% in 2016. The NHC cancelled mutual blood donation in March 2018. Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) has become a routine test item for screening blood since 2015.Conclusion The Chinese government institutionalized the voluntary non-remunerated donation principle, enacted regulations for the management of blood transfusion, and adopted advanced blood testing technology to sustain blood supply and ensure blood safety. In spited of increased blood donation, blood shortage persists. Quality and safety of blood collection can be further improved through the cancellation of mutual blood donation and incentive measures for voluntary non-remunerated donation of blood, which needs facilitation by governmental legislation.

scholarly journals Blood Transfusion Services and Blood Safety of Blood Banks In Ben-Suef Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Doaa Mahmoud Khalil ◽  
El-Morsy Ahmed El-Morsy ◽  
Hesham Ahmed Nafady ◽  
Lamiaa Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Blood Banks

scholarly journals The development of Legal Framework on blood donation and blood safety of China in 24 years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dajun Gao ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Kang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Tort Liability ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Testing Technology

Abstract BackgroundThis study analyzes the regulations and developments in blood donation from 1996 to 2019 in China, and demonstrate the government’s efforts in improving blood safety.ResultsSince the implementation of the Blood Donation Law in 1998, the number of blood donors in China increased by 275% from 1998 to 2018 (from 4 million to 15 million). The principle of no-fault liability was proposed and has been applied since 2010 to the tort liability related to blood transfusion malpractice. In 2015, mutual blood donation accounts for 4.2% of the national collection. However, in some provinces of China, the percentage of mutual blood donation increased from 9.3% to 35.6% in 2016. The NHC cancelled mutual blood donation in March 2018. Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) has become a routine test item for screening blood since 2015.ConclusionsThe Chinese government institutionalized the voluntary non-remunerated donation principle, enacted regulations for the management of blood transfusion, and adopted advanced blood testing technology to sustain blood supply and ensure blood safety. In spited of increased blood donation, blood shortage persists. Quality and safety of blood collection can be further improved through the cancellation of mutual blood donation and incentive measures for voluntary non-remunerated donation of blood, which needs facilitation by governmental legislation.

scholarly journals The development of Legal Framework on blood donation and blood safety of China in 24 years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dajun Gao ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Kang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Tort Liability ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Testing Technology

Abstract Background This study analyzes the regulation of and developments in blood donation in China from 1996 to 2019, and demonstrates the government’s efforts to improve blood safety.Results Since the implementation of the Blood Donation Law in 1998, the number of blood donors in China increased by 275% from 1998 to 2018 (from 4 million to 15 million). The principle of no-fault liability was proposed and has been applied since 2010 to the tort liability related to blood transfusion malpractice. In 2015, mutual blood donation accounted for 4.2% of the national collection. However, in some provinces of China, the percentage of mutual blood donation increased from 9.3% to 35.6% in 2016. The National Health Commission canceled mutual blood donation in March of 2018. Since 2015, nucleic acid amplification testing has become a routine test item for screening blood.Conclusions The Chinese government institutionalized the voluntary non-remunerated donation principle, enacted regulations for the management of blood transfusion, and adopted advanced blood testing technology to sustain blood supply and ensure blood safety. Despite increased blood donation, blood shortages persist. The quality and safety of blood collection can be further improved through the cancellation of mutual blood donation and incentive measures for voluntary non-remunerated donation of blood, which needs facilitation by governmental legislation.

scholarly journals Recruitment and Selection in the Public Sector Organizations: A Study based on Qualified and NonQualified Applicants

2020 ◽  
Vol V (III) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Ghulam Nabi ◽  
Faheem Ghazanfar ◽  
Naveeda Zeb
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Organizations ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
Service Commission ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Recruitment And Selection

The basic objective of this article is to understand the perceived applicant's experience regarding procedural justice. This study was conducted in the public sector organizations of the State of the Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Data was collected from those applications which had applied for any post in the public service commission jobs. Further, the sample was divided into two categories, one those who were selected and the other who could not make it through. A research questionnaire ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree on the likert scale was used, which was personally administered. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 22, where it was found that the overall pattern of results indicates that both of the categories of applicants showed dissatisfaction with the procedural justice and feedback mechanism of the existing selection procedures.

scholarly journals The development of a legal framework for blood donation and blood safety in China over 24 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dajun Gao ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Kang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Tort Liability ◽  
Blood Safety ◽  
Testing Technology

Abstract Background This study analyzes the regulation of and developments in blood donation in China from 1996 to 2019, and demonstrates the government’s efforts to improve blood safety. Results Since the implementation of the Blood Donation Law in 1998, the number of blood donors in China increased by 275% from 1998 to 2018 (from 4 million to 15 million). The principle of no-fault liability was proposed and has been applied since 2010 to the tort liability related to blood transfusion malpractice. In 2015, mutual blood donation accounted for 4.2% of the national collection. However, in some provinces of China, the percentage of mutual blood donation increased from 9.3 to 35.6% in 2016. The National Health Commission canceled mutual blood donation in March of 2018. Since 2015, nucleic acid amplification testing has become a routine test item for screening blood. Conclusions The Chinese government institutionalized the voluntary non-remunerated donation principle, enacted regulations for the management of blood transfusion, and adopted advanced blood testing technology to sustain blood supply and ensure blood safety. Despite increased blood donation, blood shortages persist. The quality and safety of blood collection can be further improved through the cancellation of mutual blood donation and incentive measures for voluntary non-remunerated donation of blood, which needs facilitation by governmental legislation.

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