scholarly journals Bird survey in a forest mountain of Congo Basin (Eloumden, Cameroon) and diversity analysis confirm high diversity of world second reserve and correlation between species diversity and vegetation

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Billy Nguembockv ◽  
Esther Diane Olivia Azang ◽  
Sali Mahamatv
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
Forest Mountain ◽  
High Diversity

Diversity and community structure of Ephemeroptera in freshwater stream of Megamalai hills, Tamil Nadu, India

ENTOMON ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
S. Barathy ◽  
T. Sivaruban ◽  
Srinivasan Pandiarajan ◽  
Isack Rajasekaran ◽  
M. Bernath Rosi
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Freshwater Stream ◽  
Species Diversity Indices ◽  
High Diversity

In the study on the diversity and community structure of Ephemeroptera in the freshwater stream of Chinnasuruli falls on Megamalai hills, a total of 523 specimens belonging to thirteen genera and five families were collected in six month periods. Of the five families, Teloganodidae and Leptophlebiidae exhibited high diversity and Caenidae showed low diversity. Choroterpes alagarensis (Leptophlebiidae) is the most dominant species. Diversity indices such as Shannon and Simpson indices showed that diversity was maximum in November and December and it was minimum in August and January. Canonical Correspondence Analysis revealed that rainfall, water flow, turbidity, and air temperature were the major stressors in affecting the Ephemeropteran community structure.

scholarly journals Baseline Assessments of Wildlife Biodiversity Within Selected Areas of Central Visayas, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
RP Jose ◽  
WA Aureo ◽  
CI Narido ◽  
TD Reyes Jr ◽  
MB Sarnowski
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Biodiversity Inventories ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Areas Of Protection

A comprehensive inventory of faunal biodiversity was conducted within three Key Biodiversity Areas of Central Visayas. Mt. Bandilaan Natural Park (MBNP), Balinsasayao Twin Lakes Natural Park (BTLNP), and Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape (RSPL). Three primary wildlife groups were surveyed: bats, birds and amphibians. Species diversity and population trends were then analyzed to assess areas of biodiversity importance. RSPL generally had the highest species richness and diversity index while MBNP consistently had the lowest. When pooled. The surveyed areas resulted in a high diversity index and rate of endemicity showing the importance of multiple areas of protection. These findings can be utilized to prioritize habitat protection as well as to serve as a baseline information for future biodiversity inventories. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2020, 6(2): 27-34

scholarly journals Coronavirus surveillance in Congo basin wildlife detects RNA of multiple species circulating in bats and rodents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Kumakamba ◽  
Fabien R. Niama ◽  
Francisca Muyembe ◽  
Jean-Vivien Mombouli ◽  
Placide Mbala Kingebeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Host Diversity ◽  
Frequent Contact ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Ongoing Surveillance ◽  
High Diversity

AbstractCoronaviruses play an important role as pathogens of humans and animals, and the emergence of epidemics like SARS, MERS and COVID-19 is closely linked to zoonotic transmission events primarily from wild animals. Bats have been found to be an important source of coronaviruses with some of them having the potential to infect humans, with other animals serving as intermediate or alternate hosts or reservoirs. Host diversity may be an important contributor to viral diversity and thus the potential for zoonotic events. To date, limited research has been done in Africa on this topic, in particular in the Congo Basin despite frequent contact between humans and wildlife in this region. We sampled and, using consensus coronavirus PCR-primers, tested 3,561 wild animals for coronavirus RNA. The focus was on bats (38%), rodents (38%), and primates (23%) that posed an elevated risk for contact with people, and we found coronavirus RNA in 121 animals, of which all but two were bats. Depending on the taxonomic family, bats were significantly more likely to be coronavirus RNA-positive when sampled either in the wet (Pteropodidae and Rhinolophidae) or dry season (Hipposideridae, Miniopteridae, Molossidae, and Vespertilionidae). The detected RNA sequences correspond to 15 Alpha- and 6 Beta-coronaviruses, with some of them being very similar (>95% nucleotide identities) to known coronaviruses and others being more unique and potentially representing novel viruses. In seven of the bats, we detected RNA most closely related to sequences of the human common cold coronaviruses 229E or NL63 (>80% nucleotide identities). The findings highlight the potential for coronavirus spillover, especially in regions with a high diversity of bats and close human contact, and reinforces the need for ongoing surveillance.

scholarly journals Diversity of Hoverfly (Diptera: Syrphidae) Communities in Different Habitat Types in Zanjan Province, Iran

ISRN Zoology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masumeh Naderloo ◽  
Shahrokh Pashaei Rad
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Species Evenness ◽  
Habitat Types

The diversity of hoverfly communities was studied in four different habitat types (river side, woodland, fruit garden, and rice field) in the years of 2008 and 2009. Adult hoverflies were collected from different habitants in Zanjan province. A total of 31 species with 750 individuals of hoverflies were collected, among which Sphaerophoria scripta (Linnaeus), Eristalis arbustorum (Linnaeus) and Eristalis tenax (Linnaeus) were found to be the most abundant. Records from these four sites were used in the diversity analysis. The results indicated that river side and rice field showed the highest and lowest degree of species richness and species diversity. Also, river side and rice field showed the highest and lowest species evenness, respectively.

Seasonal variations in the structure of copepod assemblages in tropical marine and estuarine waters, Coleroon, south-east India

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rajkumar ◽  
Jun Sun ◽  
I. R. Jenkinson ◽  
M.M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Copepod Community ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Coleroon Estuary

A twelve-month investigation was undertaken on how copepod community structure varied in relation to environmental factors in the Coleroon estuary, south-east India. Sampling was monthly, from Station 1 in the sea to Station 4 in the Vettar backwaters. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) was applied to elucidate the environmental factors affecting the copepod community. A total of 104 copepod species in 38 genera and 26 families were recorded, with the Calanoids, Acartia erythraea and Oithona brevicornis being the most dominant. At all four stations, both these species loaded near the intercept of CCA axes 1 and 2, perhaps reflecting that they were autochthonous. Most species occurred in distinct seasonal patterns. Abundances ranged from 13 × 103 to 215 × 103 (ind. m−3). Coleroon waters showed high diversity (bits/ind.), from 5.29 at Station 3 to 4.97 at Station 4. Abundance correlated positively with temperature and salinity and negatively with rainfall, dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) and pH. Species diversity correlated strongly with abundance (P < 0.01). Abundance and diversity were highest during the summer, and both correlated positively with salinity. Temperatures (air and water), salinity, pH and DO varied in the ranges 26–36°C, 25–34.2°C, 9–38, 7.0–8.7 and 3.0–6.8 ml l-1, respectively. Nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and silicate (µM) varied in the ranges: 4.7–64.5, 0.4–14.1, 0.2–12.9 and 9.3–148, respectively.

scholarly journals Bird Survey of the Abobo-Etetak Hill (Yaounde, Cameroon) and a Glance on the Avifaunistic Diversity of this Hill (Abobo-Etetak)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Billy Nguembock ◽  
Mahamat Sali ◽  
Kemtchouan William ◽  
Azang Esther Diane Olivia ◽  
Guehoada Yollande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Bird Survey ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
High Diversity

Introduction: We conducted a preliminary bird survey in the Abobo-Etetak hill (Yaounde, Cameroon). Methods: To carry out this survey, we used the mist-netting method and we captured birds over a period of six months. To study the distribution of this avifauna in their life environment, we performed several analyses to obtain various diversity indexes such as implemented in softwares SAS/STAT and PAST. Results: Three hundred and eleven individuals were captured belonging to 21 passerine and non-passerine families distributed into 39 genera and 51 species. We recorded new species for the area: Anthus brachyurus, Cinnyris reichenowi, Euplectes gierowii, Hirundo fuligula, Nicator vireo, Pogoniulus atroflavus and Pogoniulus subsulphureus, and Terpsiphone rufocinerea. Species documented were from the families Lybiidae, Motacillidae, Nectariniidae, Hirundinidae, Nicatoridae, Ploceidae and Monarchidae. Species from two new genera were recorded, Cinnyris (Sunbirds) and Terpsiphone (Monarchs). Estimated diversity index values show that the Abobo-Etetak hill exhibits high avifaunistic diversity. Conclusion: Our results found an absence of the supremacy of one species (H’=3.34) and the value of the Equitability index (J’=0.85) suggests an equal distribution of the individuals across species. With the obtained value of the index of Simpson diversity of 0.95, our result suggests high diversity within the Abobo-Etetak avifauna, which could be explained by luxuriant vegetation that is present all year round. Human activities have had an impact on the diversity of this avifauna with the presence of some genera sampled (Ploceus, Passer, Estrilda, Pycnonotus and Spermophaga) but the relic Centre Region of Cameroon which preserves its originality offers on the whole favourable conditions to birds.

scholarly journals Communities of predatory mites (Phytoseiidae and Stigmaeidae) in different environments of the Brazilian Pampa

Acarologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Maicon Toldi ◽  
Elisete Maria de Freitas ◽  
Vinícius Leão da Silva ◽  
Monique Caumo ◽  
Júlia Jantsch Ferla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Amblyseius Herbicolus ◽  
Mite Communities ◽  
High Diversity

The Brazilian Pampa presents a high diversity of fauna and flora within a mosaic of environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the assemblages of predatory mites (Phytoseiidae and Stigmaeidae) in three different Pampa environments: Grassland shrub vegetation, Grazing Exclusions fenced for six years and Riparian Forest with tree vegetation. Phytoseiidae and Stigmaeidae were evaluated with a total of 324 plant sampled from nine sites in three environments. Twenty-two Phytoseiidae species and six Stigmaeidae species were found. Riparian Forest presented the highest abundance of predatory mites (243) and the greatest species diversity. Mites were more abundant in Grazing Exclusions (64) than in Grassland (25) environments, but species diversity was similar. In Riparian Forest, the most abundant species were Amblyseius tamatavensis Blommers, Amblyseius herbicolus (Chant) and Agistemus floridanus González-Rodríguez. Arrenoseius gaucho Ferla, Silva and Moraes and Zetzellia malvinae Matioli, Ueckermann and Oliveira were the most abundant in Grassland environment. Our results demonstrate that the Brazilian Pampa has a high diversity of predatory mites and mite communities seem to be affected by the type of environment, showing the importance of this ecosystem as a reservoir of natural enemies.

scholarly journals Coronavirus surveillance in wildlife from two Congo basin countries detects RNA of multiple species circulating in bats and rodents

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0236971
Author(s):  
Charles Kumakamba ◽  
Fabien R. Niama ◽  
Francisca Muyembe ◽  
Jean-Vivien Mombouli ◽  
Placide Mbala Kingebeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Host Diversity ◽  
Frequent Contact ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Ongoing Surveillance ◽  
High Diversity

Coronaviruses play an important role as pathogens of humans and animals, and the emergence of epidemics like SARS, MERS and COVID-19 is closely linked to zoonotic transmission events primarily from wild animals. Bats have been found to be an important source of coronaviruses with some of them having the potential to infect humans, with other animals serving as intermediate or alternate hosts or reservoirs. Host diversity may be an important contributor to viral diversity and thus the potential for zoonotic events. To date, limited research has been done in Africa on this topic, in particular in the Congo Basin despite frequent contact between humans and wildlife in this region. We sampled and, using consensus coronavirus PCR-primers, tested 3,561 wild animals for coronavirus RNA. The focus was on bats (38%), rodents (38%), and primates (23%) that posed an elevated risk for contact with people, and we found coronavirus RNA in 121 animals, of which all but two were bats. Depending on the taxonomic family, bats were significantly more likely to be coronavirus RNA-positive when sampled either in the wet (Pteropodidae and Rhinolophidae) or dry season (Hipposideridae, Miniopteridae, Molossidae, and Vespertilionidae). The detected RNA sequences correspond to 15 alpha- and 6 betacoronaviruses, with some of them being very similar (>95% nucleotide identities) to known coronaviruses and others being more unique and potentially representing novel viruses. In seven of the bats, we detected RNA most closely related to sequences of the human common cold coronaviruses 229E or NL63 (>80% nucleotide identities). The findings highlight the potential for coronavirus spillover, especially in regions with a high diversity of bats and close human contact, and reinforces the need for ongoing surveillance.

scholarly journals SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE OFANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE)ON TIDAL SWAMP RICE IN INDRAGIRI HILIR, INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 658-664
Author(s):  
Zahlul Ikhsan ◽  
◽  
Hidrayani a ◽  
Yaherwandi b ◽  
Hasmiandy Hamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystems ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
High Diversity

Indonesia has a high diversity of ant species, but much remains unreported. In agricultural habitats, ants can act as predators, decomposers, and bioindicators for agricultural ecosystems health. This research aimed to study the species diversity of Formicidae on tidal swamp rice fields in Indragiri Hilir District. Sampling was carried out in two periods of rice planting. Samples were conducted in 4 sub-districts of rice production centers, namely BatangTuaka, Keritang, Reteh, and Tembilahan Hulu, using four sampling techniques (i.e., insect net, malaise trap, yellow pan trap, and pitfall trap). Diversity index (H ), Species richness index (d), Species Evenness index (J), and Similarity Index (Is) were calculated. We found 5,754 individuals consisting of 5 subfamilies and 43 species of Formicidae at the four studied areas. Subfamily Myrmicinaehas the highest individual abundance, 2.578 individuals, followed by subfamily Formicinae1.823 individuals, subfamily Ponerinae 776 individuals, subfamily Dolichoderinae 575 individuals, and subfamily Pseudomyrmecinae 2 individuals. Diversity of plant species and environmental factors can affect the diversity index, species abundance, and abundance of individual Ants.

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