Thromboplastic Activity of Erythrocytes After Freeze-Thawing in Combined Media

SummaryThe pharmacological effect of a new preparation of urokinase (Leo) has been studied, both in vitro and in six patients suffering from thrombo-embolic disorders. It was a non-toxic, effective fibrinolytic agent if given in sufficient dosage. A regimen consisting of an initial dose of 7,200 ploug units per kg body weight, followed by hourly maintenance therapy with 3,600 ploug units per kg intravenously, gave satisfactory evidence of whole body fibrinolytic activity. The preparation had minor but insignificant thromboplastic activity both when assayed in the laboratory and when given to patients.

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The Fractionation Properties of Human Factor VIII (Antihaemophilic Factor)

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1654503 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 04 (02) ◽

pp. 253-260 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Franco Gobbi

Keyword(s):

Factor Viii ◽

Human Factor ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Factor Vii ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Salting Out ◽

Human Factor Viii ◽

Plasma Factor ◽

Two Factors ◽

Thromboplastic Activity

SummaryThe fractionation properties of human Factor VIII (antihaemophilic factor, AHF, antihaemophilic globulin) have been studied using a plasma of congenital afibrinogenaemia as a starting material.From a fibrinogen-free plasma, Factor VIII does not precipitate with ethanol at a final concentration of 8%; on the contrary the maximum yield is reached at an ethanol concentration of 25%.With a precipitation method carried out by a one to ten dilution of plasma with distilled water and acidification by N/10 hydrochloric acid to a pFI 5.2, Factor VIII does not precipitate with the euglobulin fraction; when normal plasma is used, such a precipitation is almost complete.With the salting-out fractionation method by ammonium sulphate, Factor VIII precipitates at a concentration between 25 and 33% of saturation either from fibrinogen-free and from normal human plasma.A non-specific thromboplastic activity appears in the fractions prepared by every method. This activity, which is probably due to the activation of seric accelerators, is easily removed by Al(OH)s adsorption. Thus, in order to insure the specificity of Factor VIII assays, the preliminary adsorption of the fractions is indispensable before testing their antihaemophilic activity.Fibrinogen and Factor VIII have different and definite precipitation patterns. When these two factors are associated the fractionation properties of AHF appear quite modified, showing a close similarity to those of fibrinogen. This fact can explain the technical difficulties encountered in the attempt to purify the antihaemophilic factor, and the lack of reproducible procedures for removing fibrinogen without affecting Factor VII.

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Coagulation Disorders in Thrombocythaemia, a Study of Seven Cases

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1655460 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 07 (01) ◽

pp. 114-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stefan Niewiarowski ◽

Halina Zywicka ◽

Zbigniew Latałło

Keyword(s):

Liver Parenchyma ◽

Platelet Factor 4 ◽

Coagulation System ◽

Severe Bleeding ◽

Clotting Factors ◽

Platelet Factor ◽

Antiheparin Activity ◽

Thromboplastic Activity ◽

Bleeding Episodes ◽

Routine Coagulation

SummaryThe blood coagulation system has been studied in 7 patients with thrombocythaemia. 4 of these patients had thrombocythaemia after splenectomy, 2 of them had thrombocythaemia associated with myeloid leukemia, and 1 thrombocythaemia associated with polycythaemia. Severe bleeding episodes were noted in 5 cases, 2 patients had only mild bleeding symptoms.Each patient was examined several times. The period of observations varied from 2 months to 3 years. Platelet count varied from 350 000 to 3 800 000 per mm3.Bleeding time and tourniquet test were normal in all cases. Routine coagulation and fibrinolysis studies did not reveale characteristic abnormalities in plasma clotting factors. A decrease of prothrombin complex components was observed in 4 cases. This disturbance was due to the coexisting injury of liver parenchyma or myeloid changes but not to an increase of platelets or to the abnormalities in the platelet system.An increase of antiheparin activity was found in the plasma of 4 patients. This activity is probably due to the escape of platelet factor 4 from destroyed or qualitatively changed platelets into plasma.Platelet clotting factors were investigated in isolated platelet suspensions, A significant decrease of platelet factor 1 was observed in all patients and a decrease of platelet factor 4 in 5 patients. In 2 cases platelet factor 4 increased. Platelet thromboplastic activity showed a great variety of disturbances in conformity with other workers observations.Recent views on the pathogenesis of bleedings in thrombocythaemia are discussed. On the basis of their own investigations the authors suggest that the significant disturbances of platelet function may contribute to the development of bleeding, and that the increase of antiheparin activity in plasma may produce hypercoagulability and favorize the formation of thrombi.

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Deficiencies and Inhibitors of Thromboplastic Activity

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1655646 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 16 (03/04) ◽

pp. 574-585

Author(s):

G. F Grannis ◽

L. A Kazal

Keyword(s):

Factor Viii ◽

Time Course ◽

Gamma Globulin ◽

Hemophilia A ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Thrombin Activity ◽

Activity Curve ◽

Lipoprotein Complex ◽

Thromboplastic Activity

SummaryThe effects of hereditary deficiencies of thromboplastic proteins (hemophilia A and B) on the time course of thrombin appearance and disappearance in plasma (the thrombin activity curve, TAC) were compared with the effects of a naturally occurring gamma-globulin inhibitor of thromboplastic activity and with an anti-thromboplastic activity derived from cephalin (phosphatidylserine-lipoprotein complex).Both inhibitors inhibit reactions involving the protein in which hemophilia A plasma is deficient (factor VIII).

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The Separation of Thromboplastin Formed from Pig’s Plasma in the Thromboplastin Generation Test

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1655445 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 08 (03) ◽

pp. 485-501

Author(s):

M. J Cross

Keyword(s):

Original System ◽

Factor V ◽

Generation System ◽

Thromboplastic Activity ◽

Generation Test

Summary1. Plasma thromboplastin has been formed from a mixture of pigs’ plasma, serum and platelets using a modification of the thromboplastin generation system of Biggs and Douglas (1953). The thromboplastic activity in the modified system was more stable than in the original system.2. A sediment with considerable thromboplastic activity has been obtained by centrifugation. This sediment was free of platelets and contained very little thrombin.3. The sediment when resuspended in buffer was fully active only in the presence of calcium and between pH 6.6 and 7.0. The activity slowly decreased at 0—4° C and rapidly at 65° C.4. The sediment rapidly converted prothrombin to thrombin in the absence of factor V.5. The activity of the sediment was unaffected when it was incubated with thrombin.

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Thromboplastic activity of phosphatidylethanolamine from natural and synthetic sources

The Journal of Lipid Research ◽

10.1016/s0022-2275(20)40365-7 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 52-56

Author(s):

D.L. Turner ◽

Ruth R. Holburn ◽

M. DeSipin ◽

Melvin J. Silver ◽

L.M. Tocantins

Keyword(s):

Thromboplastic Activity ◽

Natural And Synthetic

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Determination of fetal maturity by cellular composition and thromboplastic activity of amniotic fluid

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj61659 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 220-222

Author(s):

D. P. Ignatieva ◽

B. G. Sadykov ◽

N. D. Bodua

Keyword(s):

Amniotic Fluid ◽

Termination Of Pregnancy ◽

Early Termination ◽

Cellular Composition ◽

Obstetric Practice ◽

Fetal Maturity ◽

Thromboplastic Activity

In obstetric practice, early termination of pregnancy is often required in the interests of the fetus or mother.

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THE ROLE OF VARIOUS HAEMOSTASIS PARAMETERS IN MONITORING FIBRINOLYSIS WITH PRO-UROKINASE/STREPTOKINASE IN TREATMENT OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

10.1055/s-0038-1642988 ◽

1987 ◽

Author(s):

F Keller ◽

P Schanzenbächer ◽

F Dati ◽

J Huber ◽

K kochsiek

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Therapy Monitoring ◽

Latex Agglutination ◽

Systemic Activity ◽

Thromboplastic Activity ◽

Specific Degradation ◽

D Dimer

The new drug pro-urokinase, a proenzyme of urokinase (scu-PA), seems to have advantages in comparison with other fibrinolytic agents. Properties like higher fibrin specifity, non-systemic activity and lower antigenity may lead to a lower rate of complications. In a pilot study 10 patients with acute myocardial infarction have been treated under angiographical control with pro-urokinase (3-9 millions IU) by i.v. application. In case of no perfusion a further administration of streptokinase was carried on. The blood samples were obtained at therapy begin and after 5, 10, 30, 60 and 120 minutes. The therapy monitoring was performed by determination of established haemostasis parameters, like fibrinogen, fibrin(ogen)-split products (FSP), a2-antiplasmin. Plasminogen and batroxobin-time. Furthermore, the diagnostic relevance of new laboratory tests for fibrinolysis, D-Dimer and thrombin-anti thrombin Ill-complex (TAT) has been investigated considering some typical follow-ups. D-Dimer were determined by latex agglutination test and TAT by enzyme immunoassay.Generally the application of pro-urokinase in contrast to streptokinase results in minimal changes of the classic fibrinolysis parameters like fibrinogen, FSP, batroxobin-time etc. demonstrating no systemic lysis. The appearance of plasmic degradation products of cross-linked fibrin (D-Dimer) is a specific indi-cater of the release of thrombotic material. Other non-specific degradation products (fibrinogenolysis) were detected by the measurement of FSP. In some cases in which perfusion ocurred an increase of TAT followed by a rapid decrease was observed. This indicates a higher thromboplastic activity which may originate from the infarcted area producing TAT complex formation.

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