Peculiarities of Modifications in Geometric Parameters and Changes in Osmotic Fragility of Human Erythrocytes Following Their Exposure in Sucrose and PEG-1500 Solutions

Rhnull human erythrocytes lack the antigens of the Rhesus blood-group system, have an abnormal shape, have an increased osmotic fragility, and are associated with mild chronic haemolytic anaemia. Rhnull erythrocytes also lack all antigens of the LW blood-group system, but the functional significance of this deficiency is unknown. We have identified, by immunoblotting with two mouse monoclonal antibodies (BS46 and BS56), the LW-active component(s) in normal human erythrocytes as a broad band of Mr 37 000-47 000 on SDS/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. Treatment of intact human erythrocytes with endoglycosidase F preparation destroyed the epitopes recognized by antibodies BS46 and BS56, suggesting that one or more N-glycosidically linked oligosaccharides are required for the formation of the LW antigens. Estimation of the number of LW antigen sites per erythrocyte by using radioiodinated purified antibody BS46 gave average values of 4400 molecules/cell for Rh(D)-positive adult erythrocytes and 2835 molecules/cell for Rh(D)-negative adult erythrocytes. Like the Rh(D) polypeptide, the LW polypeptide(s) is (are) associated with the cytoskeleton of normal erythrocytes. These results suggest the possibility that the absence of the LW polypeptide may also contribute to the functional and/or morphological abnormalities of Rhnull erythrocytes.

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Ebselen exhibits glycation-inhibiting properties and protects against osmotic fragility of human erythrocytes in vitro

Cell Biology International ◽

10.1002/cbin.10253 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 625-630 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Julio C. M. Soares ◽

Vanderlei Folmer ◽

João B. T. Da Rocha ◽

Cristina W. Nogueira

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Fragility ◽

Human Erythrocytes

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Studies on the Osmotic Fragility of Normal Human Erythrocytes: I. A Method for the Determination of the Effect of Hypotonic Solutions

Acta Medica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/j.0954-6820.1963.tb17453.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 173 (6) ◽

pp. 683-692 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Esper Mortensen

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Fragility ◽

Human Erythrocytes ◽

Normal Human

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The relationship between the osmotic fragility of human erythrocytes and cell age

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics ◽

10.1016/0003-9861(83)90556-8 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 222 (2) ◽

pp. 582-589 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Joseph M. Rifkind ◽

Koji Araki ◽

Evan C. Hadley

Keyword(s):

Osmotic Fragility ◽

Human Erythrocytes ◽

Cell Age ◽

The Relationship

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Diminished osmotic fragility of human erythrocytes following the membrane insertion of oxygenated sterol compounds

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v58.2.317.bloodjournal582317 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 317-325

Author(s):

RA Streuli ◽

JR Kanofsky ◽

RB Gunn ◽

S Yachnin

Keyword(s):

Cell Membrane ◽

Hereditary Spherocytosis ◽

Osmotic Fragility ◽

Human Erythrocytes ◽

Fragility Curve ◽

Membrane Insertion ◽

Red Cell ◽

Red Cell Membrane ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Osmotic Lysis

Oxygenated sterol compounds (OSC), when incubated for 1 hr with human erythrocytes in lipoprotein-depleted medium at concentrations of 0.625- 5 X 10(-5) M, are inserted into the cell membrane and remain there despite subsequent washing of the cells. The insertion results in expansion of the surface area of the red cell ghost membrane, an increase in critical hemolytic volume, and as a consequence, in diminished osmotic fragility of the erythrocytes. This effect is seen with echinocyte-forming as well as with non-echinocyte-forming OSC. Erythrocytes treated with OSC do not differ from control cells with respect to their mean cell volume (MCV) in isotonic solution, water content, ion fluxes, and filterability through polycarbonate filters. The shift of the osmotic fragility curve toward lower NaCl concentrations is proportional to the amount of OSC inserted into the red cell membrane. 7 beta-Hydroxycholesterol, 22-ketocholesterol, and 20 alpha-hydroxycholesterol are the most potent inhibitors of osmotic lysis. The effect of OSC on osmotic fragility is diminished if the erythrocytes are incubated in a lipoprotein-containing medium; free cholesterol, however, does not change this effect. Various progesterones also protect red cell from osmotic lysis, but only if the erythrocytes are directly exposed to the compounds present in the hypotonic NaCl solutions used for measurement of their osmotic fragility. Progesterones do not remain in the membrane after the cells have been washed. The OSC are also capable of correcting the osmotic fragility curve of red cells from patients with hereditary spherocytosis. These experiments may suggest an approach to the pharmacologic treatment of hereditary spherocytosis.

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Diminished osmotic fragility of human erythrocytes following the membrane insertion of oxygenated sterol compounds

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v58.2.317.317 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 317-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

RA Streuli ◽

JR Kanofsky ◽

RB Gunn ◽

S Yachnin

Keyword(s):

Cell Membrane ◽

Hereditary Spherocytosis ◽

Osmotic Fragility ◽

Human Erythrocytes ◽

Fragility Curve ◽

Membrane Insertion ◽

Red Cell ◽

Red Cell Membrane ◽

Mean Cell Volume ◽

Osmotic Lysis

Abstract Oxygenated sterol compounds (OSC), when incubated for 1 hr with human erythrocytes in lipoprotein-depleted medium at concentrations of 0.625- 5 X 10(-5) M, are inserted into the cell membrane and remain there despite subsequent washing of the cells. The insertion results in expansion of the surface area of the red cell ghost membrane, an increase in critical hemolytic volume, and as a consequence, in diminished osmotic fragility of the erythrocytes. This effect is seen with echinocyte-forming as well as with non-echinocyte-forming OSC. Erythrocytes treated with OSC do not differ from control cells with respect to their mean cell volume (MCV) in isotonic solution, water content, ion fluxes, and filterability through polycarbonate filters. The shift of the osmotic fragility curve toward lower NaCl concentrations is proportional to the amount of OSC inserted into the red cell membrane. 7 beta-Hydroxycholesterol, 22-ketocholesterol, and 20 alpha-hydroxycholesterol are the most potent inhibitors of osmotic lysis. The effect of OSC on osmotic fragility is diminished if the erythrocytes are incubated in a lipoprotein-containing medium; free cholesterol, however, does not change this effect. Various progesterones also protect red cell from osmotic lysis, but only if the erythrocytes are directly exposed to the compounds present in the hypotonic NaCl solutions used for measurement of their osmotic fragility. Progesterones do not remain in the membrane after the cells have been washed. The OSC are also capable of correcting the osmotic fragility curve of red cells from patients with hereditary spherocytosis. These experiments may suggest an approach to the pharmacologic treatment of hereditary spherocytosis.

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Effect of toluene on erythrocyte membrane stability under in vivo and in vitro conditions with assessment of oxidant/antioxidant status

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/0748233709346758 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 545-550 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ismail Karabulut ◽

Z. Dicle Balkanci ◽

Bilge Pehlivanoglu ◽

Aysen Erdem ◽

Ersin Fadillioglu

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽

Osmotic Fragility ◽

Human Erythrocytes ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽

Stress Parameters

Toluene, an organic solvent used widely in the industry, is highly lipophilic and accumulates in the cell membrane impeding transport through it. Its metabolites cause oxygen radical formation that react with unsaturated fatty acids and proteins in erythrocytes leading to lipid peroxidation and protein breakdown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the membrane stabilizing and the oxidative stress—inducing effects of toluene in human erythrocytes. Measurements of osmotic fragility, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities were performed simultaneously both in individuals exposed to toluene professionally (in vivo) and human erythrocytes treated with toluene (in vitro). To measure osmotic fragility, erythrocytes were placed in NaCl solutions at various concentrations (0.1% [blank], 0.38%, 0.40%, 0.42%, 0.44%, 0.46%, 0.48% and 1% [stock]). Percentage of haemolysis in each solution was calculated with respect to the 100% haemolysis in the blank solution. The erythrocyte packs prepared at the day of the above-mentioned measurements were kept at —80°C until the time for determination of malonyldialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels, and catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase activities as indicators of oxidative stress. Toluene increased oxidative stress parameters significantly both in vivo and in vitro; it also caused a significant decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Osmotic fragility was altered only in the case of in vitro exposure. In conclusion, toluene exposure resulted in increased lipid peroxidation and protein damage both in vivo and in vitro. Although, it is natural to expect increased osmotic fragility due to oxidative properties of toluene, its membrane-stabilizing effect overcame the oxidative properties leading to decreased osmotic fragility or preventing its deterioration in vitro and in vivo toluene exposures, respectively, in the present study.

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