STUDIES OF THE SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME IN KING COUNTY, WASHINGTON: IV. IMMUNOLOGIC STUDIES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Carla R. Clausen ◽  
C. George Ray ◽  
Nancy Hebestreit ◽  
Peyton Eggleston
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
Antibody Titers

Prospective and retrospective studies of immunologic responses in the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) revealed the following: The concentrations of IgM in cord or death bloods from patients with SIDS did not differ significantly from values found in cord blood from healthy infants or death blood from infants dying of explained causes. Similarly, IgE in death blood of patients was not elevated as compared to controls nor was the third component of complement depressed. Specific antibody titers in cord or death serum to 14 common viral antigens did not reveal any aberrant characteristics in the SIDS infants. Other immunological parameters investigated included antinuclear factor and antiantibodies, also with negative results, indicating that immunological mechanisms may not be of primary significance in the pathogenesis of SIDS. Although this study represents generally negative findings, it is our hope that it will be a useful guide to other interested workers who are planning projects related to this problem.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Sleeping Practices in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Mee Ahn ◽  
Kyung-moo Yang ◽  
Hong Il Ha ◽  
Jung Ae Cho
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Child Rearing ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Sleeping Position ◽  
Cultural Variations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Healthy Infants

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in Korea remains a poorly-understood subject for both professionals and the public. Recent reports have emphasized ethnic differences in SIDS rates, suggesting that making adjustments in child-rearing practices may contribute substantially to SIDS reduction. Two of the three major risk factors for SIDS-vulnerability of the infant and exogenous factors-need to be understood in particular depth due to their broad scope and sociocultural grounding. This paper presents substantial issues regarding preterm birth and male gender on infants’ vulnerability to SIDS in Korea. Practices of caring for healthy infants are addressed in the context of sleeping practices, including sleeping position, bedding arrangements, sleeping on the floor, the back-to-sleep position, high indoor temperatures and ondol floor heating, and swaddling. Professional and social awareness about how to reduce SIDS should be raised by promoting a better understanding of risk factors in the context of ethnic and cultural variations in child-rearing practices.

Antimony leaching from cot mattresses and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
R O Jenkins ◽  
P J Craig ◽  
W Goessler ◽  
K J Irgolic
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Antimony Content ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Potential Sources

1 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cot mattress covers from SIDS cases were investigated as potential sources of soluble (potentially ingestable) antimony in the cot environment. 2 Body fluids (urine, saliva) and proprietary domestic detergents/sterilizing fluids markedly enhanced leaching of antimony from PVC. Release of antimony was also enhanced at both low and high pH and by elevated temperature. The extent of antimony leaching did not correlate well with PVC content of this element. 3 These data do not support the assumption that postmortem analysis of antimony content proves exposure to gaseous antimony trihydride from mattress PVC. 4 Ingestion of antimony released from PVC could account for the high variability associated with reported detectable levels of antimony in liver from both SIDS and other infants. It could also explain suspected additional postnatal exposure to this element, which gives rise to elevated levels of Sb in the hair of some healthy infants.

scholarly journals Maternal Age, the Disparity across Regions and Their Correlation to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in Taiwan: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Lin-Yi Huang ◽  
Wan-Ju Chen ◽  
Yung-Ning Yang ◽  
Chien-Yi Wu ◽  
Pei-Ling Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Health Database

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has always been a regrettable issue for families. After sleeping in the supine position was proposed, the incidence of SIDS declined dramatically worldwide. However, SIDS still accounts for the top 10 causes of infant deaths in Taiwan. Recognizing the risk factors and attempting to minimize these cases are imperative. We obtained information on cases with SIDS from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan and interconnected it with the Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database to acquire infant–maternal basal characteristics between 2004 and 2017. The SIDS subjects were matched 1:10 considering gestational age to normal infants. After case selection, a total of 953 SIDS cases were included. Compared with healthy infants, SIDS infants had younger parents, lower birth weight, and lower Apgar scores. After adjusting for potential confounders, infants with mothers aged <20 years had 2.81 times higher risk of SIDS. Moreover, infants in the non-eastern region had a significantly lower risk of SIDS than those in the eastern region. We concluded that infants of young mothers (especially maternal age <20 years) and infants in the eastern region of Taiwan had a higher risk of SIDS than their counterparts.

scholarly journals The frequency of molecular detection of virulence genes encoding cytolysin A, high-pathogenicity island and cytolethal distending toxin of Escherichia coli in cases of sudden infant death syndrome does not differ from that in other infant deaths and healthy infants

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda R. Highet ◽  
Anne M. Berry ◽  
Karl A. Bettelheim ◽  
Paul N. Goldwater
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
Pathogenicity Island ◽  
Sudden Infant Death ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Cytolethal Distending Toxin ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
High Pathogenicity

Consistent pathological findings in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) are seen which display similarities to the pathogenesis of toxaemic shock and/or sepsis. A key candidate infectious agent that is possibly involved is Escherichia coli, given its universal early colonization of the intestinal tract of infants and an increased frequency of toxigenic and mouse-lethal isolates from SIDS compared with comparison infants. An explanation for these findings has yet to be identified. Using PCR, we screened E. coli isolates from 145 SIDS and 101 dead control and healthy infants for three new candidate pathogenicity-related genes: clyA (cytolysin A), irp2 [high-pathogenicity island (HPI)-specific gene] and cdt (cytolethal distending toxin). The results failed to show a positive correlation with SIDS, instead proving that clyA and irp2 genes were common to the infant intestinal E. coli. Interestingly we observed a high rate of carriage of these two potentially pathogenic genes in E. coli from healthy infants in the absence of diarrhoeal disease, and we report that in a number of cases, the detection of HPI-specific genes was predictable by serotype. Despite the lack of associations defined so far, there remains the likelihood that genetic determinants influence the interactions between E. coli and the host, so these factors may be part of the multi-factorial aspect of SIDS.

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