Vesicoureteral Reflux in the Primate: II. Maturation of the Ureterovesical Junction

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-568
Author(s):  
James A. Roberts ◽  
Arthur J. Riopelle
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Protein Deficiency ◽  
Ureterovesical Junction ◽  
Infant Rhesus ◽  
Over Time

Infant rhesus monkeys frequently show vesicoureteral reflux unlike adults. We studied monkeys born of mothers who had been on normal or protein-deficient diets. Protein deficiency may influence the time that reflux continues, but this was not statistically proved. Reflux disappears over time. The time was influenced by when the pregnancy was initiated and the maturity of the infant. Maturation as measured by skeletal maturity scores correlated well with the time of reflux, but growth as measured by birth weight did not. Vesicoureteral reflux in the monkey is frequent, but maturation of the ureterovesical junction occurs by age 3 years and reflux disappears.

scholarly journals Ureterovesical Opaque Densities after Ureterovesical Reflux Injection Therapy: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Akhavizadegan
Keyword(s):  
Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Bulking Agent ◽  
Injection Therapy ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Ureterovesical Junction ◽  
Radiological Images ◽  
Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux ◽  
Over Time

Primary vesicoureteral reflux can be treated by injection of a bulking agent into the wall of the ureterovesical junction. Over time, the bulking agent can get calcified. Radiological images of the area show findings that mimic those seen in ureterovesical junction calculi. In this report, we present the imaging findings of this phenomenon and discuss its challenging aspects.

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Long-Term Trends in Length of Hospital Stay, Postmenstrual Age at Discharge, and Survival in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Matthias Fröhlich ◽  
Tatjana Tissen-Diabaté ◽  
Christoph Bührer ◽  
Stephanie Roll
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Over Time

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In very low birth weight (&#x3c;1,500 g, VLBW) infants, morbidity and mortality have decreased substantially during the past decades, and both are known to be lower in girls than in boys. In this study, we assessed sex-specific changes over time in length of hospital stay (LOHS) and postmenstrual age at discharge (PAD), in addition to survival in VLBW infants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a single-center retrospective cohort analysis based on quality assurance data of VLBW infants born from 1978 to 2018. Estimation of sex-specific LOHS over time was based on infants discharged home from neonatal care or deceased. Estimation of sex-specific PAD over time was based on infants discharged home exclusively. Analysis of in-hospital survival was performed for all VLBW infants. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 4,336 of 4,499 VLBW infants admitted from 1978 to 2018 with complete data (96.4%), survival rates improved between 1978–1982 and 1993–1997 (70.8 vs. 88.3%; hazard ratio (HR) 0.20, 95% confidence interval 0.14, 0.30) and remained stable thereafter. Boys had consistently higher mortality rates than girls (15 vs. 12%, HR 1.23 [1.05, 1.45]). Nonsurviving boys died later compared to nonsurviving girls (adjusted mean survival time 23.0 [18.0, 27.9] vs. 20.7 [15.0, 26.3] days). LOHS and PAD assessed in 3,166 survivors displayed a continuous decrease over time (1978–1982 vs. 2013–2018: LOHS days 82.9 [79.3, 86.5] vs. 60.3 [58.4, 62.1] days); PAD 40.4 (39.9, 40.9) vs. 37.4 [37.1, 37.6] weeks). Girls had shorter LOHS than boys (69.4 [68.0, 70.8] vs. 73.0 [71.6, 74.4] days) and were discharged with lower PAD (38.6 [38.4, 38.8] vs. 39.2 [39.0, 39.4] weeks). <b><i>Discussion/Conclusions:</i></b> LOHS and PAD decreased over the last 40 years, while survival rates improved. Male sex was associated with longer LOHS, higher PAD, and higher mortality rates.

Protective effects of sunlight exposure against PRK‐induced myopia in infant rhesus monkeys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Yang ◽  
Yifang Yang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Qi Wei ◽  
Hui Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Infant Rhesus

scholarly journals The development of and recovery from form-deprivation myopia in infant rhesus monkeys reared under reduced ambient lighting

2021 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 106-117
Author(s):  
Zhihui She ◽  
Li-Fang Hung ◽  
Baskar Arumugam ◽  
Krista M. Beach ◽  
Earl L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Ambient Lighting ◽  
Infant Rhesus

Controlled exposure of female rhesus monkeys to 2,3,7,8-TCDD: Concentrations of TCDD in fat of offspring, and its decline over time

Chemosphere ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (7-9) ◽  
pp. 1199-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Bowman ◽  
H.Y. Tong ◽  
M.L. Gross ◽  
S.J. Monson ◽  
N.C.A. Weerasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Female Rhesus ◽  
Controlled Exposure ◽  
Over Time

Overtreatment of Neonates? A Personal Retrospective

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-976
Author(s):  
William A. Silverman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Social Experience ◽  
Premature Neonate ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Small Hospital ◽  
Moral Problems ◽  
Over Time

Man's power over Nature is really the power of some men over other men, with Nature as their instrument. —C. S. Lewis The question of overtreatment of seriously compromised neonates with life-prolonging hardware is, in the end, a weighing of values—a moral judgment. The most pressing issues of our time, it has been said, are not matters of engineering, but of human values. And, didactic opinion to the contrary notwithstanding, I am prepared to argue that moral judgment is not monolithic. A system of values is not the same everywhere and for everyone. Nor is it an unchanging construct over time—even throughout one's own lifetime. Piaget,1 Kohlberg,2 and Rest3 have all made a strong case for the view that differences among people, in the way they evaluate moral problems, are determined, largely, by their concepts of fairness. A sense of right grows more discerning with age and is influenced by the amount and the complexity of social experience. Let me explain what I am getting at, by relating the growth of my own social experience as a rescuer of extremely small neonates. It began 47 years ago, when I was on the housestaff at The Babies Hospital in New York City. On January 27, 1945, a premature neonate was born in a small hospital in the Bronx, at 5½ months of gestation; birth weight was 600 g. The obstetrician was astounded that this extremely small girl breathed spontaneously and he was even more amazed to find her still alive the following day.

scholarly journals Natural history of postnatal rhesus cytomegalovirus shedding by dams and acquisition by infant rhesus monkeys

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0206330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitinder Kaur ◽  
Hannah L. Itell ◽  
E. Peek Ehlinger ◽  
Valerie Varner ◽  
Soren Gantt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rhesus Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Infant Rhesus
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