Epidemiology of Inguinal Hernia in Preterm Neonates

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEITH J. PEEVY ◽  
FELICITY A. SPEED ◽  
CHARLES J. HOFF
Keyword(s):  
Inguinal Hernia ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Inguinal Hernias

We have studied the epidemiology of inguinal hernias in preterm infants. Inguinal hernias occur with increased frequency in infants ≤32 weeks' gestational age or ≤1,250 g birth weight. Among infants ≤32 weeks' gestational age, intrauterine growth retardation significantly increases the risk for development of inguinal hernias, especially in male infants. Our data demonstrate a previously unrecognized association between neonatal inguinal hernia and intrauterine growth retardation.

HUMAN FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION: I. CLINICAL FEATURES OF SAMPLE WITH INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RETARDATION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-558
Author(s):  
J. Urrusti ◽  
P. Yoshida ◽  
L. Velasco ◽  
S. Frenk ◽  
A. Rosado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Fetal Growth Retardation ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Term

Intrauterine growth was assessed in a series of 128 cases. Thirty-six infants were small for gestational age, and showed the usual signs of intrauterine growth retardation (IUM). The head circumference of these infants was small, with reference to normal term babies (FT) and comparable to premature infants, appropriately sized for a gestational age (ACA) five weeks less than that of the IUM's. There were 12 neonatal deaths, three among IUM infants within 24 hours and nine in the low birth weight AGA group within 72 hours. The mothers of these three groups of infants were similar with respect to age, weight, height, nutritional patterns, and prior pregnancy histories.

Comparison of the Causes and Consequences of Prematurity and Intrauterine Growth Retardation: A Longitudinal Study in Southern Brazil

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
Fernando C. Barros ◽  
Sharon R.A. Huttly ◽  
Cesar C. Victora ◽  
Betty R. Kirkwood ◽  
J. Patrick Vaughan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Preterm Children ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Prepregnancy Weight ◽  
Catch Up

A cohort of 5914 liveborns (99% of the city births) was followed up to the age of 4 years in Pelotas, southern Brazil. Besides the perinatal evaluation, the cohort children were examined again at mean ages of 11, 23, and 47 months. During each visit the children were weighed and measured and information on morbidity was collected. Also, multiple sources of information were used for monitoring mortality throughout the study. Of the babies with known gestational age, 9.0% were classified as intrauterine growth-retarded and 6.3% as preterm. Excluding those of unknown gestational age, 62% of low birth weight babies were intrauterine growth-retarded and 36% were preterm. Intrauterine growth retardation was statistically associated with maternal height, prepregnancy weight birth interval, and smoking, whereas preterm births were associated with maternal prepregnancy weight and maternal age. Preterm babies had a perinatal mortality rate 13 times higher than that of babies of appropriate birth weight and gestational age and 2 times higher than that of intrauterine growth-retarded babies. Infant mortality rates presented a similar pattern, with the differentials being more pronounced during the neonatal than in the postneonatal period. In the first 2 years of life intrauterine growth-retarded children were at almost twice the risk of being hospitalized for diarrhea compared with appropriate birth weight, term children, while preterm children experienced only a slightly greater risk. For pneumonia, however, both groups of children were hospitalized significantly more than appropriate birth weight, term children. In terms of growth, despite their earlier disadvantage, preterm children gradually caught up with their appropriate birth weight, term counterparts. This catch-up occurred primarily between mean ages 23 and 47 months. Intrauterine growth-retarded children, however, exhibited no such catch-up. Indeed, their average monthly growth rates between measurements were always lower than those of children in the other two groups.

Determinants of Fetal Growth and Body Proportionality

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Kramer ◽  
Marielle Olivier ◽  
Frances H. McLean ◽  
Geoffrey E. Dougherty ◽  
Diana M. Willis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Fetal Sex ◽  
Growth Ratio ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Previous studies of fetal growth and body proportionality have been based on error-prone gestational age estimates and on inappropriate comparisons of infants with dissimilar birth weights. Based on a cohort of 8719 infants with validated (by early ultrasonography) gestational ages and indexes of body proportionality standardized for birth weight, potential maternal and fetal determinants of fetal growth and proportionality were assessed. Maternal history of previous low birth weight infants, pregnancy-related hypertension (particularly if severe), diabetes, prepregnancy weight, net gestational weight gain, cigarette smoking, height, parity, and fetal sex were all significantly associated with fetal growth in the expected directions. Consistent with previous reports, maternal age, marital status, and onset or total amount of prenatal care had no significant independent effects. Fetal growth ratio (relative weight for gestational age), pregnancy-related hypertension, fetal sex, and maternal height were the only significant determinants of proportionality. Infants who were growth-retarded, those with taller mothers, those whose mothers had severe pregnancy-related hypertension, and males tended to be longer and thinner and had larger heads for their weight, although these variables explained only a small fraction of the variance in the proportionality measures. Among infants with intrauterine growth retardation, gestational age was not independently associated with proportionality (in particular, late term and postterm infants did not tend to be more disproportional), a finding that does not support the hypothesis that earlier onset of growth retardation leads to more proportional growth retardation. The results raise serious questions about previous studies of proportionality, particularly those suggesting a nutritional etiology for proportional intrauterine growth retardation. They also emphasize the importance of controlling for degree of growth retardation, maternal stature, and pregnancy-related hypertension in evaluating the prognostic consequences of proportionality for mortality, morbidity, and functional performance.

Identification of intrauterine growth retardation among low birth weight preterm infants

1989 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Yogman ◽  
Helena C. Kraemer ◽  
Daniel Kindlon ◽  
Jon E. Tyson ◽  
Pat Casey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Letters to the Editor

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1001-1001
Author(s):  
S. GORHAM BABSON ◽  
JOHN KANGAS ◽  
NORTON YOUNG ◽  
JAMES L. BRAMHALL
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Comparable Level

We appreciate Dr. Pick's interest in our paper on dissimilar sized twins. It may be as Dr. Pick suggests that some infants of small birth weight for their gestational age grow and develop "normally." Our study has demonstrated the failure of the undersized member of twin pairs to achieve a comparable level of growth and development to that of the co-twin at the time of the study examination. The reasons for this continued disproportion in size are not clear. Further studies are necessary to relate all possible factors concerned in intrauterine growth retardation with the subsequent development of the child.

scholarly journals Color Doppler Imaging of Cerebral-Umbilical Pulsatility Ratio in Intrauterine Growth Retardation

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-145
Author(s):  
Iftadul Islam ◽  
Tarana Yasmin ◽  
Laila Rubaiat ◽  
Syed Shamsul Arephin ◽  
Mohammad Mahbub Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Color Doppler Imaging ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Doppler Evaluation

Background: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) refers to a condition in which a fetus is unable to achieve its genetically determined potential size. IUGR may also be defined as growth at the 10th or less percentile for weight of the all fetuses at that gestational age. It has long been recognized that impaired fetoplacental perfusion is associated with intrauterine growth retardation. Ultrasonography with Color Doppler has provided a new tool for this purpose.Objective: To evaluate the role of Color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of IUGR.Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out in the department of Radiology & Imaging of Dhaka Medical College Hospital within a period of January 2010 to September 2011 on 90 patients aged between 17?35 years who were clinically suspected as cases of IUGR or previously USG diagnosed cases of IUGR.Results: The highest incidence of IUGR was found in the age group between 21?25 years. The mean gestational age at birth was 33.2 ± 3.5 weeks and mean birth weight 1.3 ± 6.2 kg in case of abnormal cerebral-umbilical (C/U) ratio group. According to cerebral-umbilical pulsatility index (PI) value 65 cases (72.2%) were diagnosed as abnormal and 25 (27.8%) as normal flow pattern. Perinatal findings showed that 67 were small for gestational age (SGA) and 23 had normal birth weight. The validity of cerebral-umbilical PI ratio for diagnosis of IUGR was studied by calculating sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV.Conclusion: In this study Color Doppler findings of cerebral-umbilical vessels and the validity tests reveal that Color Doppler evaluation of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and umbilical artery (UA) PI ratio is an useful modality in diagnosis of IUGR.J Enam Med Col 2017; 7(3): 140-145

Body Proportionality and Head and Length `Sparing' in Growth-Retarded Neonates: A Critical Reappraisal

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 717-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Kramer ◽  
Frances H. McLean ◽  
Marielle Olivier ◽  
Diana M. Willis ◽  
Robert H. Usher
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Continuous Measure ◽  
Body Proportions ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Head Growth ◽  
Absolute Magnitudes

Despite the popular current distinction between "proportional" and "disproportional" intrauterine growth retardation, it has never been shown that variation in body proportions is greater among growth-retarded than nongrowth-retarded infants of the same birth weight, nor that proportionality is distributed bimodally among growth-retarded infants. Based on a cohort of 8719 neonates born between 1980 and 1986 of mothers with concordant (± 7 days) menstrual dating and early ultrasound estimates of gestational age, we used a continuous measure of birth weight for gestational age to define four study groups: nongrowth retarded (n = 5163) and mild (n = 411), moderate (n = 226), and severe (n = 147) intrauterine growth retardation. Compared with non-growth-retarded infants of the same gestational age, growth-retarded infants had substantially lower lengths, head circumferences, and proportionality ratios, and the magnitude of the deficits increased significantly with increasing degrees of growth retardation. When the comparison was based on birth weight rather than gestational age, however, growth-retarded infants had slightly but significantly greater lengths and head circumferences, with increased variability in body proportions, but no evidence of the bimodality that would characterize two distinct subtypes. The analysis suggests that proportionality among intrauterine growth-retarded infants represents a continuum, with progressive disproportionality as severity of growth retardation increases. Moreover, despite evidence of some "sparing," the absolute magnitudes of the deficits in length and head growth remain substantial.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document