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Author(s):  
Dana Halabi ◽  
Ebaa Fayyoumi ◽  
Arafat Awajan

Treebanks are valuable linguistic resources that include the syntactic structure of a language sentence in addition to part-of-speech tags and morphological features. They are mainly utilized in modeling statistical parsers. Although the statistical natural language parser has recently become more accurate for languages such as English, those for the Arabic language still have low accuracy. The purpose of this article is to construct a new Arabic dependency treebank based on the traditional Arabic grammatical theory and the characteristics of the Arabic language, to investigate their effects on the accuracy of statistical parsers. The proposed Arabic dependency treebank, called I3rab, contrasts with existing Arabic dependency treebanks in two main concepts. The first concept is the approach of determining the main word of the sentence, and the second concept is the representation of the joined and covert pronouns. To evaluate I3rab, we compared its performance against a subset of Prague Arabic Dependency Treebank that shares a comparable level of details. The conducted experiments show that the percentage improvement reached up to 10.24% in UAS and 18.42% in LAS.


Author(s):  
L. Rossi ◽  
J. Berzosa-Molina ◽  
J.-M. Desert ◽  
L. Fossati ◽  
A. García Muñoz ◽  
...  

AbstractThe polarization state of starlight reflected by a planetary atmosphere uniquely reveals coverage, particle size, and composition of aerosols as well as changing cloud patterns. It is not possible to obtain a comparable level of detail from flux-only observations. It is therefore a powerful tool to better understand the crucial role played by clouds and aerosols in the chemistry, dynamics, and radiative balance of a planet. Furthermore, polarization observations can probe the atmosphere of planets independently of the orbital geometry (hence it applies to both transiting and non-transiting exoplanets). A high-resolution spectropolarimeter with a broad wavelength coverage, particularly if attached to a large space telescope, would enable simultaneous study of the polarimetric planetary properties of the continuum and to look for and characterize the polarimetric signal due to scattering from single molecules, providing detailed information about the composition and vertical structure of the atmosphere.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259440
Author(s):  
Sharon M. H. Tsang ◽  
Grace P. Y. Szeto ◽  
Angelina K. C. Yeung ◽  
Eva Y. W. Chun ◽  
Caroline N. C. Wong ◽  
...  

This study aims to investigate the dysfunction and recovery of the lumbopelvic movement and motor control of people with chronic nonspecific low back pain after a structured rehabilitation which emphasizes on re-education and training of movement and motor control. The lumbopelvic movement and motor control pattern of 30 adults (15 with chronic low back pain, 15 healthy controls) were assessed using 3D motion and electromyographic analysis during the repeated forward bending test, in additional to the clinical outcome measures. Regional kinematics and muscle recruitment pattern of the symptomatic group was analysed before and after the 6-week rehabilitation, and compared to healthy controls. Significant improvement in back pain, functional capacity and self-efficacy of the symptomatic group was found after the rehabilitation. Patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain were capable to recover to a comparable level of the healthy controls in terms of their lumbopelvic movement and motor control pattern upon completion of a 6-week rehabilitation program, despite their dysfunction displayed at baseline. Phase specific motor control reorganization in which more profound and positive changes shown during the flexion phase. Our findings indicate that the recovery of the movement and motor control pattern in patients with chronic low back pain achieved to a comparable level of the healthy able-bodies. The improvement of both the physical outcome measures suggest that specific rehabilitation program which emphasizes on optimizing motor control during movements would help promoting the functional recovery of this specific low back pain subgroup.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 735
Author(s):  
Damira Jantassova ◽  
Daniel Churchill ◽  
Aigerim Kozhanbergenova ◽  
Olga Shebalina

This article discusses the internationalization capacity building project at the Karaganda Technical University (‘KTU’) in Kazakhstan. The project, entitled “Capacity building for the internationalization of a technical university by means of digital learning technologies,” was supported by the fund “Scientific foundations “Mangilik el” (education of the 21st century, fundamental and applied research in the humanities)” for scientists 2020–2022. The project’s primary purpose was to explicate a sustainable strategy for internationalizing a Kazakh technical university, considering the national and international contexts, evaluating internationalization capacity needs, formulating and implementing a capacity-building response for internationalization, and enhancing the qualifications and abilities of students and teachers to an internationally comparable level. In addition, the project delivers a set of strategies for internationalization and a benchmarking methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of internationalization processes. The benchmarking analysis of the internationalization process of a university has been conducted through a classification method, comparative analysis, multi-factor SWOT analysis, and correlation analysis.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duaa Al-Sadeq ◽  
Farah Shurrab ◽  
Ahmed Ismail ◽  
Fathima Humaira Amanullah ◽  
Swapna Thomas ◽  
...  

Two mRNA vaccines, Pfizer-BNT162b2 and Moderna-mRNA-1273, were granted the US Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorization for preventing COVID-19. However, little is known about the difference in antibody responses induced by the two mRNA vaccines in naive and individuals with a previous history of infections (PI group). Therefore, we investigated the levels of anti-S-RBD total antibodies (IgM, IgA, and IgG), anti-S-RBD IgG, and anti-S-RBD IgA in these two groups 1-13 (median=6) weeks following administration of two doses of mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccines. Results showed that in naive-vaccinated group, the mRNA-1327 vaccine induces significantly higher levels of S-RBD total antibodies (3.5-fold; p<0.001), S-RBD IgG (2-fold-p<0.01), and S-IgA (2.1-fold, p<0.001) than the BNT162b2 vaccine. In the PI-vaccinated group, both vaccines produce significantly higher S-RBD total antibodies level than those of the naive-vaccinated group. The PI group produced a higher level of S-RBD IgG than the naive-BNT162b2 (p=0.05) but not more than the naive-mRNA-1273 (p=0.9) group. Interestingly, the PI-vaccinated group produced a comparable level of IgA ratio to the naive-mRNA-1273 group but significantly higher than the naive-BNT162b2 group (1.6-fold, p<0.001). Our results showed that the mRNA-1327 vaccine is more immunogenic and induces a greater antibody response than the BNT162b2 vaccine.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianluca Facchetti ◽  
Aglaia Gyra ◽  
Chiara Angeletti ◽  
Francesco Masedu ◽  
Enrico Molineris ◽  
...  

Abstract BackgroundIn pre-hospital setting, airway management may be required during hems transportation, when patients deteriorate while en route. Our primary objective was to assess whether in-flight indirect laryngoscopy in frontal right-lateral sitting position (FP) of the operator, is such effective as traditional indirect laryngoscopy methods onshore, considering, also, the association of success rate with influencing flight factors (flying, devices, position, comfort VAS, Lumen VAS). MethodsThis observational prospective study, aimed to estimate the success rate of in-flight FP indirect laryngoscopy intubation. The study conducted on an AW 169 helicopter (©Leonardo Company, Italy) equipped with transversal stretcher, during steady flight. Indirect laryngoscopy devices (GlideScope Ranger and AirTraq) were used on a HAL® manikin (Accurate, Gaumard® Scientific Company,Inc) with cervical collar. ResultsAll of the FP intubations with both devices were successful after two attempts maximum. The mean time for intubation was slightly greater using the Glide Scope Ranger (mean 45.4±32.2”) compared to AirTraq (mean 34.8±26.7”). ConclusionsBoth AirTraq and GlideScope Ranger used in in-flight FP guarantee a comparable level of effectiveness to traditional onshore method with 100% successful rate of intubation, Airtraq seems not been affected by Lumen, indicating that in this specific contest it guarantees a high visualisation regardless the light conditions. On the other hand, the FP results effective using AirTraq in both conditions.


Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 3221
Author(s):  
Feiyue Wang ◽  
Jiahao Liao ◽  
Long Yan ◽  
Hui Liu

A novel diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM) modified ammonium polyphosphate (APP) flame retardant, DDP, was successfully synthesized via ion-exchange reaction. DDP was introduced into epoxy resins (EPs) to reduce flammability. A comparable level of DDP exerts better flame-retardant and smoke suppression efficiencies in EP than APP. An EP blend containing 15 wt% DDP displays a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 37.1% and a UL 94 V-0 rating, and further exhibits a 32.3% reduction in total heat release and a 48.0% reduction in total smoke production compared with pure EP. The presence of DDP greatly facilitates char formation during combustion, and the char mass from thermal decomposition of an EP blend is 37.8% smaller than that of an EP blend containing 15 wt% DDP at 800 °C. The incorporation of DDP into EP blends has a smaller impact on the glass transition temperature and tensile strength than those of a comparable level of APP. This reflects the better compatibility of DDP with the EP matrix compared with that for APP.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-220
Author(s):  
Dorota Klimecka-Tatar ◽  
Tomasz Chajduga

Abstract In general, the production processes are more and more complex. This is the result of more and more sophisticated materials used, the pressure to save them as well as other production resources (ecological perspective), also the tendency to buy mobile products lighter and less power consuming than before. In previous years using highly specialized technology was very costly for the company. Nowadays, this situation is possible to be changed because of emerging types of modern micro-controllers and variety of compatible sensors. Some of those micro-controllers are more power saving, some are more powerful in terms of computing power. The common denominator is that both purchasing them as well as programming is possible for ordinary person, a hobbyist building DIY projects. This sheds new light to the professional usage of modern micro-controllers-based solutions that can become possible to offer comparable level of precision at the fraction of cost. The authors recognized the strong potential in modern micro-controllers and made the research among professionals in the area of production companies. The outcome of research showed that the professionals share the opinion of the authors. Therefore, the outbreak of usage of such inexpensive solutions in professional applications is expected. However, the research showed, that there is possible to find single situations, where usage of modern micro-controllers may be limited, for example in the company targeted to produce hand-made products or handicraft (manufacture).


Author(s):  
Anupong Kongsa ◽  
Imjai Chitapanarux ◽  
Anirut Watcharawipha ◽  
Lalita Huntrakul ◽  
Warit Thongsuk ◽  
...  

Abstract Aim: To propose a new matching method for the supraclavicular (SC) and tangential fields on three-dimensional radiotherapy (3DRT) for postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT). Methods: A method of matching coplanar field borders (CFB) between the tangential and SC fields was created in 3DRT. The collimator angle of the medial tangential field was calculated to coplanar the SC field. The proposed method performance was ultimately benchmarked using the half beam block (HBB) and traditional three-field monoisocenter (TTM) methods by dosimetric comparison. The decision score was then employed to clarify the performance among these methods. Results: The results show that the TTM method exhibited not only low doses on the organs at risk (OAR) but also on the matching fields. The CFB and HBB produced comparable results, but the ipsilateral lung yielded lesser amounts than the HBB. The decision score indicated a low performance level when using the TTM method, whereas the CBF method exhibited a slightly higher performance score than the HBB. Findings: The CFB exhibited good performance in terms of the dose on OARs and at the matching fields. This method offers a comparable level of performance to the HBB. Thus, the CFB offers an alternative method of significant interest in PMRT.


Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 616
Author(s):  
Neta Zuckerman ◽  
Shay Fleishon ◽  
Efrat Bucris ◽  
Dana Bar-Ilan ◽  
Michal Linial ◽  
...  

The routine detection, surveillance, and reporting of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants is crucial, as these threaten to hinder global vaccination efforts. Herein we report a novel local variant with a non-synonymous mutation in the spike (S) protein P681H. This local Israeli variant was not associated with a higher infection rate or higher prevalence. Furthermore, the local variant was successfully neutralized by sera from fully vaccinated individuals at a comparable level to the B.1.1.7 variant and an Israel wild-type strain. While it is not a variant of concern, routine monitoring by sequencing is still required.


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