EFFECT OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES ON THE ERYTHROCYTE CALCIUM-PUMP FUNCTION IN PROTEIN-ENERGY MALNUTRITION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 874-874
Author(s):  
W. G. Okunade ◽  
O. O. Olorunsogo
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Calcium Pump ◽  
Free Oxygen Radicals ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Free Oxygen ◽  
Pump Function

Marasmus is felt to result from a diet that is fairly equally deficient in protein and in calories. In contrast, kwashiorkor is usually explained as being caused by a diet deficient more in proteins than in calories. This explanation for kwashiorkor has been questioned by Golden and Ramdath,1 who suggested that the pathogenesis could be better explained by an imbalance between the quantity of free oxygen radicals and scavengers of those free oxygen radicals. The authors of this paper took anemia as one of the usual clinical features of kwashiorkor and attempted to verify this hypothesis by measuring "the presence of non-heme iron and endogenous products of lipid peroxidation in the erythrocyte membranes of normal and kwashiorkor subjects and assessed the susceptibility of the membranes to exogenously generated reactive oxygen species." The extent of lipid peroxidation in the erythrocytes of kwashiorkor subjects was three times that found in erythrocytes of normal subjects. The erythrocytes from kwashiorkor subjects were much more susceptible to oxidative stress than were the erythrocytes from normal subjects and the oxygen free radicals reduced the erythrocyte calcium-pump function in kwashiorkor subjects to a greater extent than in normal subjects. These findings lend support for the hypothesis of the pathogenesis of kwashiorkor proposed by Golden and Ramdath.

Effect of reactive oxygen species on the erythrocyte calcium-pump function in protein-energy malnutrition

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Okunade ◽  
O. O. Olorunsogo
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Oxygen Free Radicals ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Calcium Pump ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Non Heme Iron ◽  
Normal Individuals

The presence of detectagle amounts of non-heme iron in erythrocyte ghost membranes have been postulated to lead to the initiation of membrane lipid peroxidation and the attendant perturbation of membrane functions. We have investigated the presence of non-heme iron and endogenous products of lipid peroxidation in erythrocyte membranes of normal and kwashiorkor (KWA) subjects and assessed the susceptibility of the membranes to exogenously generated reactive oxygen species. The modulation of the basal and calmodulin-stimulated calcium-pumping activity of these membranes by reactive oxygen species was also assessed. The results show the presence of significant amounts of non-heme iron and endogenous free radical reaction products in the red cell membranes of KWA subjects compared with that of normal children. Estimation of the extent of lipid peroxidation in the presence of exogenously generated reactive oxygen species further revealed that erythrocyte ghost membranes of KWA subjects are more susceptible to oxidative stress than those of normal individuals. Although both the basal and calmodulin-stimulated activities of the membrane-bound Ca2+-pump enzyme in normal and KWA subjects were inhibited by oxygen-free radicals, the erythrocyte enzyme in KWA subjects showed higher susceptibility to inhibition by oxygen free radicals than that of normal individuals. We propose that the reduced erythrocyte calcium-pump function in KWA is not unconnected with excessive generation of reactive oxygen species.

scholarly journals Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761) attenuates oxidative stress induction in erythrocytes of sickle cell disease patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Emmer Ferreira Furman ◽  
Railson Henneberg ◽  
Priscila Bacarin Hermann ◽  
Maria Suely Soares Leonart ◽  
Aguinaldo José do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Egb 761 ◽  
Cell Disease

Sickle cell disease promotes hemolytic anemia and occlusion of small blood vessels due to the presence of high concentrations of hemoglobin S, resulting in increased production of reactive oxygen species and decreased antioxidant defense capacity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective action of a standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb 761), selected due to its high content of flavonoids and terpenoids, in erythrocytes of patients with sickle cell anemia (HbSS, SS erythrocytes) subjected to oxidative stress using tert-butylhydroperoxide or 2,2-azobis-(amidinepropane)-dihydrochloride, in vitro. Hemolysis indexes, reduced glutathione, methemoglobin concentrations, lipid peroxidation, and intracellular reactive oxygen species were determined. SS erythrocytes displayed increased rates of oxidation of hemoglobin and membrane lipid peroxidation compared to normal erythrocytes (HbAA, AA erythrocytes), and the concentration of EGb 761 necessary to achieve the same antioxidant effect in SS erythrocytes was at least two times higher than in normal ones, inhibiting the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (IC50 of 13.6 µg/mL), partially preventing lipid peroxidation (IC50 of 242.5 µg/mL) and preventing hemolysis (IC50 of 10.5 µg/mL). Thus, EGb 761 has a beneficial effect on the oxidative status of SS erythrocytes. Moreover, EGb 761 failed to prevent oxidation of hemoglobin and reduced glutathione at the concentrations examined.

scholarly journals Antioxidant effect of Mn2+ on capacitation and acrosome reaction of fresh and chilled cattle bull semen

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Amrit Kaur Bansal ◽  
Ranjna Sundhey Cheema ◽  
Vinod Kumar Gandotra
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Acrosome Reaction ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Sperm Capacitation ◽  
Bull Semen

The aim of this paper was to investigate the antioxidant effect of Mn2+ (200 mM) on the sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction of fresh and chilled cattle bull semen. It has been found that Mn2+ supplementation improves (P≤0.05) the motility at 0, 2, 4 and 6 h of incubation. MDA (malondialdehyde), end product of lipid peroxidation, decreases significantly (P≤0.05) with the supplementation of manganese at 0- and 6-hr of incubation both in fresh and chilled semen. Manganese also increases acrosome reaction significantly (P≤0.05) both in fresh and chilled semen at 0, 4 and 6 h of incubation. Therefore, our findings suggest the role of Mn2+supplementation in improving the quality of cattle bull semen by its scavenging property<em> i.e.</em> reduction in the production of reactive oxygen species during its storage at 4°C or incubation at 37°C for capacitation.

scholarly journals NADPH Oxidase Activity and Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Brain and Kidney of Adult Male Hypertensive Ren-2 Transgenic Rats

2015 ◽  
pp. 849-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. VOKURKOVÁ ◽  
H. RAUCHOVÁ ◽  
L. ŘEZÁČOVÁ ◽  
I. VANĚČKOVÁ ◽  
J. ZICHA
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Medulla Oblongata ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
O2 Production

Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) play an important role in brain control of blood pressure (BP). One of the important mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension is the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by nicotine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase. The aim of our present study was to investigate NADPH oxidase-mediated superoxide (O2-) production and to search for the signs of lipid peroxidation in hypothalamus and medulla oblongata as well as in renal medulla and cortex of hypertensive male rats transgenic for the murine Ren-2 renin gene (Ren-2 TGR) and their age-matched normotensive controls ‒ Hannover Sprague Dawley rats (HanSD). We found no difference in the activity of NADPH oxidase measured as a lucigenin-mediated O2- production in the hypothalamus and medulla oblongata. However, we observed significantly elevated NADPH oxidase in both renal cortex and medulla of Ren-2 TGR compared with HanSD. Losartan (LOS) treatment (10 mg/kg body weight/day) for 2 months (Ren-2 TGR+LOS) did not change NADPH oxidase-dependent O2- production in the kidney. We detected significantly elevated indirect markers of lipid peroxidation measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in Ren-2 TGR, while they were significantly decreased in Ren-2 TGR+LOS. In conclusion, the present study shows increased NADPH oxidase activities in renal cortex and medulla with significantly increased TBARS in renal cortex. No significant changes of NADPH oxidase and markers of lipid peroxidation were detected in the studied brain regions.

scholarly journals Higher K+/Na+ and lower reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation are related to higher yield in maize under saline condition

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Rohman ◽  
M. R. Islam ◽  
B. M. Mahmuda ◽  
S. Begum ◽  
O. A. Fakir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Saline Condition
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