scholarly journals BoLA-DRB3 gene as a marker of susceptibility and resistance of the Ukrainian black-pied and red-pied dairy breeds to mastitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Suprovych ◽  
M. P. Suprovych ◽  
T. V. Koval ◽  
T. M. Karchevska ◽  
V. A. Chepurna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Mhc Genes ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Bovine Lymphocyte ◽  
Binding Cleft

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) determines the immune response, and the MHC genes are promising candidate genes for identifying associations with diseases. The decisive role in the resistance of cattle to diseases belongs to the major histocompatibility complex of (BoLA). The BoLA system consists of several jointly operating genes that provide antigen presentation by MHC system molecules followed by an immune response to pathogenic microorganisms. The most functional is the BoLA-DRB3 gene. Its exon 2 is highly polymorphic and encodes the peptide antigen-binding cleft. Alleles, for which a close connection with disease susceptibility or disease resistance has been detected, are considered as DNA markers. These play a decisive role in the breeding of cattle to create herds resistant to diseases, including mastitis. This paper presents the results of a study of BoLA-DRB3 gene polymorphism in two commercial cattle breeds: the Ukrainian black-pied dairy (UBPD) and the Ukrainian red-pied dairy (URPD) and its association with mastitis. The UBPD and the URPD cows were genotyped at the bovine lymphocyte antigen DRB3.2 locus by a genotyping system that used polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RLFP). In 276 UBPD cows, 32 BoLA-DRB alleles have been found. Six alleles (*03, *08, *10, *22, *24 and *28) were identified with a frequency of more than 5% (total amount of 50.4%). The allele BoLA-DRB3.2*24 was the most frequent (19.2%). In the UBPD population (n = 162), four BoLA-DRB3.2 alleles are truly associated with mastitis: *24 and *26 with susceptibility and *13 and *22 with resistance. In 117 URPD cows, 22 alleles were identified, of which the most frequent were *07, *22, *11, *24, *01, *03 and *16 (total frequency 64.5%). Allele BoLA-DRB3.2*07 (present in 25.6% of cows) was the most commonly found. In the URPD population studied, four alleles truly associated with mastitis were identified. Animals susceptible to the disease had alleles *07 and *08, and resistant animals had alleles *22 and *24. Breeding activities for the creation of cattle resistant to mastitis using alleles of the BoLA-DRB3 gene are much more effective than treatment and special care for animals. Similar research should be carried out for other Ukrainian breeds in relation to various diseases (leukemia, necrobacteriosis, etc.).

Immune response differences between two inbred chicken lines identical at the major histocompatibility complex

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 253-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Palladino ◽  
Douglas G. Gilmour ◽  
Albert R. Scafuri ◽  
Howard A. Stone ◽  
G. Jeanette Thorbecke
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex

The Interaction of Antigens and Superantigens with the Human Class II Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecule HLA-DR1

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Jardetzky
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Complex Molecule ◽  
Thymic Selection ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Peptide Antigens ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Unique Specificity

The initiation and maintenance of an immune response to pathogens requires the interactions of cells and proteins that together are able to distinguish appropriate non-self targets from the myriadof self-proteins (Janeway and Bottomly, 1994). This discrimination between self and non-self is in part accomplished by three groups of proteins of the immune system that have direct and specific interactions with antigens: antibodies, T cell receptors (TcR) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. Antibodies and TcR molecules are clonally expressed by the B and T cells of the immune system, respectively, defining each progenitor cell with a unique specificity for antigen. In these cell types both antibodies and TcR proteins undergo similar recombination events to generate a variable antigen combining site and thus produce a nearly unlimited number of proteins of different specificities. TcR molecules are further selected to recognize antigenic peptides bound to MHC proteins, during a process known as thymic selection, restricting the repertoire of T cells to the recognition of antigens presented by cells that express MHC proteins at their surface. Thymic selection of TcR and the subsequent restricted recognition of peptide-MHC complexes by peripheral T cells provides a fundamental molecular basis for the discrimination of self from non-sell and the regulation of the immune response (Allen, 1994; Nossal, 1994; von Boehmer, 1994). For example, different classes of T cells are used to recognize and kill infected cells (cytotoxic T cells) arid to provide lymphokiries that induce the niajority of soluble antibody responses of B cells (helper T cells). In contrast to the vast combinatorial and clonal diversity of antibodies and TcRs, a small set of MHC molecules is used to recognize a potentially unlimited universe of foreign peptide antigens for antigen presentation to T cells (Germain, 1994). This poses the problem of how each MHC molecule is capable of recognizing enough peptides to insure an immune response to pathogens. In addition, the specificity of the TcR interaction with MHC-peptide complexes is clearly crucial to the problem of self :non-self discrimination, with implications for both protective immunity and auto-immune disease.

scholarly journals Major Histocompatibility Complex Genes as Therapeutic Opportunity for Immune Cold Molecular Cancer Subtypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Paweł Karpiński ◽  
Łukasz Łaczmański ◽  
Maria M. Sąsiadek
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Unsupervised Clustering ◽  
Tumor Rejection ◽  
Molecular Heterogeneity ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
Mhc Genes ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex

Current immunotherapies are effective only in a subset of patients, likely due to several factors including defects in tumor cell antigen presentation, decreased response to immune effectors, and molecular heterogeneity of cancers. Recent molecular classifications enable the categorization of many tumor types. However, deregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene expression is poorly characterized in the context of molecular cancer subtypes. To suppress the confounding effect of immune infiltrates on expression patterns of immunoregulators, we identified and removed genes with strong correlation to estimated immune compartment levels in each tumor type. Next, we reanalyzed a total of 13 TCGA cancer types encompassing 5651 tumors and 485 normal adjacent tissues by performing unsupervised clustering of 14 MHC genes. Subsequently, resultant clusters were statistically compared in terms of expression of other immune-related genes. Three MHC expression clusters were discovered by unsupervised clustering. We identified concordantly decreased expression of MHC genes (MHC-low) in 26 out of 55 molecular subtypes. Consequently, our study underlines the urgent need for designing strategies to enhance tumor MHC expression that could improve immune cold tumor rejection by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

scholarly journals Immune response in human melanoma after transfer of an allogeneic class I major histocompatibility complex gene with DNA-liposome complexes

1996 ◽  
Vol 93 (26) ◽  
pp. 15388-15393 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Nabel ◽  
D. Gordon ◽  
D. K. Bishop ◽  
B. J. Nickoloff ◽  
Z.-y. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Major Histocompatibility Complex Gene ◽  
Human Melanoma ◽  
Class I ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex
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