scholarly journals Effect of conservation agriculture on grain yield and income of maize under maize based cropping system in far western Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 320-332
Author(s):  
H.K. Prasai ◽  
S.K. Sah ◽  
A.K. Gautam ◽  
A.P. Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Abstract. The adoption of Conservation agriculture (CA) contributes to sustainable production and its advantages include lower inputs and stable yields. This study was conducted in the research field of Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bhagetada, Dipayal, Doti during 2014 and 2015 to identify the effect of CA on grain yield and income of maize in Maize based cropping system. Both conservation and conventional agricultural (ConvA) practices were evaluated on two maize based cropping systems namely maize-wheat-mungbean (M-W-MB) and maize-lentil-mungbean (M-L-MB). For this purpose two maize varieties namely Raj Kumar and Arun-2 were used. The average productivity of maize under M-L-MB cropping system was 1.6% higher (5.75 t/ha) than M-W-MB cropping system (5.66 t/ha). The average grain yield of maize under CA was 16.7% higher (6.15 t/ha) than ConvA (5.27 t/ha). Rajkumar produced 43% higher average grain yield (6.73 t/ha) than Arun-2 variety (4.69 t/ha). The average net benefit was slightly higher (US$ 597.33/ha) under M-L-MB cropping system than M-W-MB cropping system (US$ 573.89/ha). Similarly, the average net benefit from CA was 102% higher (US$ 783.67/ha) than ConvA (US$ 386.79/ha). Rajkumar variety gave 127% higher average net benefit (US$ 813.49/ha) than Arun-2 (US$ 357.81/ha). The average benefit - cost (B:C) ratio of M-L-MB cropping system was slightly higher (1.72) than the average B:C ratio of M-W-MB cropping system (1.70). The average B:C ratio of CA was 42% higher (2.01) than ConvA (1.41). The average B:C ratio of Rajkumar variety was found 33% higher (1.95) than Arun-2 (1.46). The higher grain yield, net profit and B:C ratio were found in CA practices under M-L-MB cropping system and Rajkumar variety. This study suggests that hybrid maize planting and the adoption of M-L-MB cropping system should be used to increase grain yield and economic performance under CA practices.

scholarly journals Conservation agriculture for productivity and profitability of wheat and lentil in maize based cropping system in far western Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-410
Author(s):  
Hari Kumar Prasai ◽  
Shrawan Kumar Sah ◽  
Anand Kumar Gautam ◽  
Anant Prasad Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Residue Retention

Zero tillage with crop residue retention which is principle of conservation agriculture (CA) can be a good practice to achieve sustainable and profitable crop yield without affecting soil fertility. This approach was not tested in wheat and lentil based maize-mungbean system in far western Nepal. The effect of CA in the maize-wheat-mungbean and maize-lentil-mungbean cropping systems with two varieties of each of wheat and lentil was studied at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bhagetada, Dipayal, Doti district of Nepal for two years (2015 and 2016).  The average grain yield of wheat and lentil under the CA system was 5.92% higher (2.86 t ha−1) than that of conventional agriculture (2.70 t ha−1). The CA under maize-wheat-mungbean cropping system produced 7.90% higher grain yield (4.78 t ha−1) compared to conventional agriculture and the CA under maize-lentil-mung bean cropping system gave11.11% higher grain yield (1.00 t ha−1). Maize-wheat-mungbean cropping system, conservation agriculture and WK 1204 variety of wheat produced 9.34% higher yield (4.80 t ha−1) than conventional agriculture whereas maize-lentil-mungbean cropping system, conservation agriculture and Khajura1 variety of lentil recorded 11.96% higher grain yield (1.03 t ha−1) than conventional agricultural. The CA system produced 114% higher net benefit (NRs. 40200 ha−1) than that of conventional agriculture. Higher yields of crops in CA system could be associated with improvement of soil properties for minimum soil disturbance and residue retention and profitable yield for reduced cost of production. Thus, the 2-year study suggests that no tillage with previous crop residues retention and use of higher yielding varieties is a potential crop cultivation approach for the maize based cropping system in light textured soil of river basin area of Nepal in order to sustain soil health, crop yield and farm economy. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(3): 403–410, December 2018

scholarly journals Productivity of potato - hybrid maize relay cropping system as influenced by fertilizer dose

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
AKM S Hoque ◽  
MN Islam ◽  
MH Hossain ◽  
MAH Khan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Relay Cropping ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Benefit Cost

The experiment was conducted at research field of Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Comilla during November 2012 to June 2013 with a view to find out economic fertilizer dose for potato- hybrid maize relay cropping system. The potato variety BARI Alu-7 and the maize variety BARI Hybrid Maize-7 were used. Seven fertilizer combinations viz. T1= Farmers fertilizer dose of potato (FFDP) + without additional fertilizer for maize (WAFM), T2= FFDP + 100% N of recommended fertilizer dose of hybrid maize (RFDM), T3= FFDP + 100% N & 25% others of RFDM, T4= FFDP + 100% N & 50% others of RFDM, T5= Recommended fertilizer dose of potato (RFDP) +100% N of RFDM, T6= RFDP +100% N & 25% others of RFDM and T7= RFDP +100% N & 50% others of RFDM were tested on potato-hybrid maize relay cropping system. Farmer’s fertilizer dose for potato was 504-162-309 kg ha-1 NPK. Recommended fertilizer dose for potato and hybrid maize was 198-44-194-24-6-1.2 kg ha-1 NPKSZnB and 255-55-140-40-6-2 kgha-1 NPKSZnB, respectively. The highest potato equivalent yield (37.80 t ha-1) and gross return (4,53,600 Tk. ha-1) were obtained from T3 treatment. But the maximum gross margin (Tk. 3,03,075 Tk. ha-1) was found from treatment T1 and the highest benefit cost ratio (3.14) was observed in T5 whichwas close to T1 (3.06) and T6 (3.0) .The results revealed that recommended fertilizer dose of potato and 100% N from recommended fertilizer dose of hybrid maize might be used for potato hybrid maize relay cropping system for getting higher economic return at Comilla region.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2014, 17(2): 9-13

scholarly journals Effects of conservation agriculture on productivity and Economics of maize-wheat based cropping systems in midwestern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
K Pariyar ◽  
A Chaudhary ◽  
P Sapkota ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
CB Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Equivalent Yield

The effects of two tillage methods (zero tillage and conventional tillage), two residue managements (residue kept and residue removed) and two levels of cropping system (maize + soybean and sole maize) were studied over 3 years (2015-2017) at Dailekh district of Nepal. Arun-2 and Puja were the varieties of maize and soybean used respectively, followed by winter wheat. The results revealed that the maize + soybean system had significantly higher plant population and ear population (34.83 thousands ha-1 and 34.35 thousands ha-1, respectively), grains per row (37.1), ear length (16.6 cm) and 20.5% higher grain yield as compared to sole maize. The highest maize equivalent yield (7.92 t ha-1) was recorded in maize + soybean as compared to the lower grain yield equivalent (7.06 t ha-1) in sole maize. Zero tillage accounted relatively higher benefits (high net income and B:C ratio) as compared to conventional tillage. The residue kept plot resulted significantly higher B:C ratio (2.41) than the residue removed (2.11) and the maize + soybean recorded 82.5% greater B:C ratio compared to sole maize. Net annual income was significantly higher in zero tillage, residue kept and maize + soybean system (NRs. 223072.00, 222958.00 and 269016.00 ha-1 respectively). Such combinations are recommended for Dailekh district of Nepal to have profitable crop productivity. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 49-63 (2019)

scholarly journals Response Of Maize Varieties To Zinc Fertilization

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hossain ◽  
M Jahiruddin ◽  
F Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Identical Response ◽  
Zn Addition ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Eight maize varieties viz. four composites (Mohor, Barnali, Khoibhutta, and BARI Maize-6) and four hybrids (BARI Hybrid Maize-1, BARI Hybrid Maize- 3, BARI Hybrid Maize Top 1 & Pacific 984), were tested for their response to zinc fertilization (0 and 3 kg Zn/ha) at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jessore (AEZ-11, High Ganges River Floodplain) during 2002- 2005. The varieties were not equally responsive to Zn addition. Except BARI Hybrid Maize-3, all other hybrids showed higher response to Zn compared to composite varieties. Among the hybrids, the Pacific 984 had the highest response followed by BARI Hybrid Maize-1 and BARI Hybrid Maize Top 1, the later two showed identical response. Comparing the composite varieties, their response can be ranked as Barnali ≈ Mohor > Khoibhutta > BARI Maize-6. The result suggests that BARI Hybrid Maize-3 and BARI Maize-6 were the most Zn inresponsive (Zn efficient) varieties. Further it appeared that Pacific 984 gave the highest seed yield, 10.46 t/ha due to Zn application. So, the farmers can grow this variety with an application of Zn @ 3 kg/ha in the deficient soil. The results also indicate that the farmers can cultivate BARI Hybrid Maize-3 in the moderately zinc deficient soils with a minimum dose (1 to 2 kg/ha) of Zn fertilization. Keywords: Maize varieties; zinc fertilization. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i3.9272 BJAR 2011; 36(3): 437-447

Isotopic evidence reveals  persistent microbial residues in soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Hofmockel ◽  
Sheryl Bell ◽  
Chris Kasanke
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Geochemical Reactions ◽  
Silty Loam ◽  
Selective Preservation ◽  
Microbial Residues

<p>Microbial derivatives and necromass are dominant sources of soil organic matter (SOM), yet the specific microbiological and geochemical reactions leading to the persistence of microbial compounds in SOM remains to be discovered. Identification of the microbial taxa and classes of microbial-derived compounds that are selectively preserved may enhance our ability to manage SOM, particularly in agroecosystems. We examined how perennial and annual biofuel cropping systems influence the production and selective preservation of microbial residues. Our experiment was replicated on a sandy and a silty loam to test the relative importance of microbial (biotic) and mineral (abiotic) filters on necromass accumulation and persistence. Using a <sup>13</sup>C-labeling incubation experiment, we tested the effects of cropping system and soil texture on the production and persistence of microbial-derived residues. Soils were collected from sandy loams at the Kellogg Biological Station (MI, USA) and silty loams at the Arlington Agricultural Research Station (WI, USA). These soils were amended with <sup>13</sup>C-labeled glucose, which was rapidly incorporated into microbial biomass. After 2 months, ~50% of the added <sup>13</sup>C remained in the bulk soil. Approximately 30% of the <sup>13</sup>C remaining in the bulk soil was recovered in the lipid, protein, and metabolite pools. Lipids contained the most <sup>13</sup>C (16%) and the contribution was similar in both soils. Both soils had similar protein pools, but protein from the sandy loam was significantly more enriched than protein from the silty loam. The pool of metabolites was small, but highly enriched, suggesting substantial recycling over the 2-month incubation. The majority (40%) of the whole soil <sup>13</sup>C persisted in the SOM even after repeat extractions. The remaining ~30% of the whole soil <sup>13</sup>C was recovered in a complex of remaining unknown debris that separates from the soil at the solvent interphase with the protein but could not be solubilized. We provide novel evidence of the carbon pools that contribute to persistent microbial residues in soil. Our results suggest that metabolites may be more important than was previously recognized. Ongoing work is identifying the labeled metabolites and characterizing the chemistry of the highly enriched protein residue fraction.</p>

scholarly journals Heritability and Genetic Advance Estimates from the Parental Lines of Hybrid Maize (Zea Mays L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
T Biswas ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
NJ Methela
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Twenty-two genotypes of maize parental line were grown during 2017-2018 at the Research field of Plant Breeding Division, Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Rahmatpur, Barisal, Bangladesh. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Heritabilty, coefficients of variability and genetic advance values were computed for days to tasseling, days to silking, days to maturity, plant height (cm), ear height (cm), cob length (cm) and diameter (cm), number of seed rows per cob, number of seeds per row, number of seeds per cob, thousand grain weight (g) and yield (g/plant). Among all the traits higher phenotypic coefficient of variation (44.53) and genotypic coefficient of variation (44.18) were observed for yield/plant. The uppermost heritability was observed in case of yield per plant (98.41) followed by 1000 seed weight (96.91). Genetic advance was highest for seeds/cob (197.87) followed by 1000-kernel weight (176.86).Greater magnitude of heritability coupled with higher genetic advance in characters under study provided the evidence that these plant parameters were under the control of additive genetic effects. Indicating that selection should lead to a fast genetic improvement of the material. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 12(1&2): 33-36, 2019

scholarly journals Evaluation of early maize genotypes for grain yield and agromorphological traits

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishal Dhakal ◽  
Keshav Prasad Shrestha ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Joshi ◽  
Jiban Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The purpose of this study was to assess the variation on agro-morphological traits and grain yield. A set of 14 early maize genotypes were studied at research field of Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Doti, Nepal in summer seasons of 2015 and 2016. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in each year. The variation among genotypes was observed for grain yield and flowering. The genotype SO3TEY-PO-BM produced the highest grain yield (4.33 t/ha) in 2015 whereas Rajahar Local Variety produced the highest grain yield (2.52 t/ha) in 2016. The combined analysis over years showed that Farmer’s variety was found earlier in tasseling (36 days) and silking (39 days), followed by S97TEYGHAYB(3) in tasseling (45 days) and by S97TEYGHAYB(3) and Arun-4 in silking (48 days). EEYC1 produced the highest grain yield (3.17 t/ha), followed by COMPOL-NIBP (3.09 t/ha), SO3TEY-PO-BM (2.90 t/ha), S97TEYGHAYB(3) (2.78 t/ha) and Rajahar Local variety (2.77 t/ha), respectively. The information on variation for the agro-morphological traits among studied early maize genotypes will be helpful to plant breeders in constructing their breeding materials and implementing selection strategies.

scholarly journals Effects of Cropping System and Cowpea Variety on Symbiotic Potential and Yields of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp) and Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucumL.) in the Sudano-Sahelian Zone of Mali

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoumana Kouyaté ◽  
Tatiana Krasova-Wade ◽  
Inamoud Ibny Yattara ◽  
Marc Neyra
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Mycorrhizal Infection ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Cowpea Variety

Many cowpea varieties (Vigna unguiculataL. Walp) have been proposed by research in Mali. None of these varieties were investigated for their symbiotic potential in terms of root nodulation and mycorrhizal infection. An experiment was conducted at Cinzana Research Station, from 2007 to 2009 with an objective to identify a cowpea variety with high symbiotic potential which may improve millet/cowpea cropping global production. Randomized complete block (RCBD) design with a factorial combination of 3 cowpea varieties (IT89KD-374, CZ1-94-23-1, and CZ11-94-5C) and 2 cropping systems (millet/cowpea intercropping and cowpea-millet rotation) was used. On farm test was conducted to evaluate CZ11-94-5C and IT89KD-374 nodulation performance. Cowpea variety CZ11-94-5-C had the highest nodule number and nodule weight. Millet/cowpea alternate rows intercropping (1/1), only, had a significant influence on cowpea root infection rates by mycorrhizae, on the 45th day after emergence. IT89KD-374 gave the best cowpea grain yield (1540 kg ha−1) in sole crop. The highest millet grain yield (1650 kg ha−1) was obtained under CZ11-94-5C-millet rotation. Farmers' fields assessments results confirmed CZ11-94-5C performance on research station. The CZ11-94-5C cowpea variety needs to be more characterized.

scholarly journals Performances of different hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) varieties under intercropping systems with groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Alom ◽  
NK Paul ◽  
MA Quayyum
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Equivalent Yield

The experiment was carried out at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Jessore to evaluate the performance of different varieties of hybrid maize under intercropping systems with groundnut in rabi seasons to find out the suitable intercropping system in increasing crop productivity and profitability of consecutive two years (2004 and 2005). Four sole crops of hybrid maize varieties (BHM-1, BHM-3, Pacific-11 and Pacific-984), one sole crop of groundnut (var. Jhingabadam) and eight intercropping systems of maize + groundnut under two planting methods viz., normal and paired row made 13 treatments were used. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Among the intercropped treatments, four rows groundnut in between paired rows of hybrid maize var. Pacific-11 showed higher maize equivalent yield (13.56 t/ha in 2003-04 and 15.34 t/ha in 2004-05), groundnut equivalent yield (4.34 t/ha in 2003-04 and 4.91 t/ha in 2004-05), land equivalent ratio (1.54 in 2003-04 and 1.66 in 2004-05) as compared to other treatments. Key Words: Hybrid maize varieties; intercropping systems; groundnut. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i4.5835Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(4) : 585-595, December 2009

scholarly journals Intercropping Squash with Maize under Varying Planting System

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
JA Chowdhury ◽  
SS Kakon ◽  
AA Begum ◽  
MAK Mian
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Equivalent Yield ◽  
Planting System

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur during rabi seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 to find out the suitable planting arrangement of squash (var. Bulam House) with maize (var. BARI Hybrid maize-9) as intercropping for higher productivity and economic return. Seven treatment combinations viz. maize normal plating (75 cm Í 25 cm), maize normal plating (75 cm Í 25 cm) (100%) + 1 row squash (Plant to Plant 80 cm) (116%), maize paired row (37.5 cm Í 150 cm Í 37.5 cm) (100%) + 1 row squash (Plant to Plant 80 cm) (50%), maize paired row (100%) + 1 row squash (Plant to Plant 100 cm) (40%), maize paired row (100%) + 2 rows squash (Plant to Plant 80 cm) (100%), maize paired row (100%) + 2 rows squash (80%) (Plant to Plant 100 cm) and sole Squash (100 cm × 80 cm) were tested. Results showed that the highest grain yield of maize (9.47 t ha-1 in 2014-15 and 9.24 t ha-1 in 2015-16) and squash yield (28.19 t ha-1 in 2014-15 and 25.02 t ha-1 in 2015-16) were recorded in sole crop, respectively. Maximum mean maize equivalent yield (19.39 t ha-1) was recorded in maize paired row (100%) + 2 row squash (Plant to Plant 80 cm) (100%) combination in both the year. The highest gross return (Tk. 2,93,850 ha-1), gross margin (Tk. 1,92,450 ha-1) and BCR (2.95) were also obtained from the same combinations. Two years’ results revealed that maize paired row + 2 rows squash (Plant to Plant 80 cm) combination could be suitable for higher productivity and economic return. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(2): 19-24

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