Polyfunctional Carboxylic Acids as Coprecipitating Agents For Barium, Yttrium, and Copper

1990 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Hallock ◽  
P.O. Rexer ◽  
M.S. Jolly ◽  
W.E. Rhine ◽  
M.J. Cima
Keyword(s):  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Uniform Particles ◽  
Barium Yttrium ◽  
Amorphous Precipitate ◽  
Complete Precipitation

ABSTRACTThe suitability of several polyfunctional carboxylic acids as coprecipitating agents for Ba, Y, and Cu was investigated. Essentially complete precipitation from alcoholic solutions was achieved for all three metals when tartaric acid was employed as the precipitating agent. The amorphous precipitate formed under these conditions was composed of uniform particles about 50 nm in diameter, and was converted readily to high purity Ba2YCu3O7−x.

Simultaneous Gas Chromatographic Determination of Carboxylic Acids in Soft Drinks and Jams

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-905
Author(s):  
Taizo Tsuda ◽  
Hiroshi Nakanishi ◽  
Takashi Morita ◽  
Junko Takebayashi
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Sorbic Acid ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Dehydroacetic Acid

Abstract A method was developed for simultaneous gas chromatographic determination of sorbic acid, dehydroacetic acid, and benzoic acid used as preservatives, and succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid used as acidulants in soft drinks and jams. A sample was dissolved in NH4OH-NH4CI pH 9 buffer solution, and an aliquot of the solution was passed through a QAE-Sephadex A 25 column. The column was washed with water, and the carboxylic acids were eluted with 0.1N HC1. Sorbic acid, dehydroacetic acid, and benzoic acid were extracted with ethyl ether-petroleum ether (1 + 1), and determined on a 5% DEGS + 1% H3PO4 column. Succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, and tartaric acid in the lower layer were derivatized with N,0- bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide and trimethylchlorosilane, and determined on a 3% SE-30 column. Recoveries from soft drink and jam samples fortified with 0.1% each of 7 carboxylic acids ranged from 92.4 to 102.6% for preservatives, and from 88.1 to 103.2% for acidulants.

Synthesis of spinel LiMn2O4 cathode material by a modified solid state reaction

2015 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 1540002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Zhang ◽  
Shudong Lin ◽  
Keyan Li ◽  
Fenfen Shua ◽  
Kunfeng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Complexing Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spinel Limn2o4 ◽  
Capacity Retention ◽  
Uniform Particles ◽  
Limn2o4 Cathode ◽  
Discharge Test

Spinel LiMn 2 O 4 was synthesized by a modified solid state reaction. We pretreated the reactants using tartaric acid as complexing agent through a grinding process to obtain uniform distribution of metal ions at atomic level. The structures, morphologies and electrochemical properties of the products were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and galvanostatic charge-discharge test. The results show that adding tartaric acid during the chemical pretreatment plays an important role in the formation of regular and uniform particles, which is beneficial to the electrochemical performance of LiMn 2 O 4. At the current density of 100 mA g-1, the discharge capacity is 118 mAh g-1 after 50 cycles with the capacity retention of 97%.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Acids and Amino Acids by Selective Oxidation of Primary Hydroxyl Groups to Carboxylic acids in Sugars

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Natarajan Raju ◽  
Rolf E. Swenson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Selective Oxidation ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Preferential Oxidation ◽  
Sugar Amino Acids ◽  
Primary Hydroxyl ◽  
Specific Oxidation

Preferential oxidation of primary hydroxyls in unprotected sugars and sugar amino acids is reported using inexpensive and readily available reagents. This method offers a specific oxidation protocol for a variety of carbohydrates. The stereochemical integrity of the starting materials was preserved and a simple workup yielded the products in good yields with high purity. The procedure is compatible with base sensitive groups like Fmoc.  Both mono and disaccharides undergo oxidation regioselectively.

Group 15 Metal Complexes With Carboxylic Acids. Preparation and Crystal Structure of Polymeric Ammonium Aquabis[(+)-tartrato(2-)]bismuthate(III) Hydrate

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
DS Sagatys ◽  
EJ Oreilly ◽  
S Patel ◽  
RC Bott ◽  
DE Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding Interactions ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Ray Methods

The crystal structure of the bismuth(III) complex with (+)-tartaric acid, ammonium aquabis [(+)-tartrato (2-)] bismuthate (III) hydrate, has been determined by X-ray methods and refined to a residual R 0.020 for 1288 observed reflections. Crystals are orthorhombic, space group P 212121 with Z 4 in a cell of dimensions a 7.4712(4), b 10.856(1), c 17.609(3) � . Each nine-coordinate MO9 bismuth centre comprises three bidentate α-hydroxy carboxy residues from two tartrato (2-) ligands (with one bridging), an asymmetric bidentate carboxylato (O,O') group, and a water. The Bi-O range is 2.372(7)-2.738(6) � [mean 2.509(6) >� ]. The resultant structure is a linear polymer which is stabilized by extensive hydrogen-bonding interactions.

Enantioselective Recognition for Carboxylic Acids by Novel Chiral Macrocyclic Polyamides Derived from L-/D-tartaric Acid

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohua Li ◽  
Xuemei Yang ◽  
Xiaojun Wu ◽  
Zengwei Luo ◽  
Cheng Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Enantioselective Recognition

PERMANGANATE–PERIODATE OXIDATION: VI. THE OXIDATION OF VARIOUS ALIPHATIC COMPOUNDS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1784-1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Von Rudloff
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetoacetate ◽  
Periodate Oxidation ◽  
Furoic Acid ◽  
Aliphatic Compounds ◽  
End Products ◽  
Oxalic Acids

A study was made of the reaction of the permanganate–periodate reagent with a wide variety of aliphatic alcohols, polyols, aldehydes, acids, oxy-acids, ketones, ethers, and esters. Saturated monols, ketones, and ethers, as well as acetic, pelargonic, pyruvic, lactic, and oxalic acids reacted only very slowly. Glycols, olefinic alcohols, and unsaturated acids were cleaved to give predictable end products. Activated alcohols and ethyl acetoacetate reacted at relatively high rates. Formic, glyoxylic, lactic, and malonic acids as well as 1,3-propanediol and 2,5-hexane dione reacted extensively and diethyl tartrate consumed as much oxidant as did tartaric acid. The oxidation of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol gave succinic acid instead of the expected tetrahydro-2-furoic acid. Saturated mono- and di-carboxylic acids, 3-hydroxy propionic acid, γ-valero lactone, and saturated esters were stable towards the reagent.

Observations oh Nucleation and Growth of Voids in Nickel

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 414-415
Author(s):  
J. L. Brimhall ◽  
H. E. Kissinger ◽  
B. Mastel
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Pure Nickel ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Total Fluence ◽  
Neutron Exposure ◽  
Growth Of Voids

Some information on the size and density of voids that develop in several high purity metals and alloys during irradiation with neutrons at elevated temperatures has been reported as a function of irradiation parameters. An area of particular interest is the nucleation and early growth stage of voids. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the microstructure in high purity nickel after irradiation to a very low but constant neutron exposure at three different temperatures.Annealed specimens of 99-997% pure nickel in the form of foils 75μ thick were irradiated in a capsule to a total fluence of 2.2 × 1019 n/cm2 (E > 1.0 MeV). The capsule consisted of three temperature zones maintained by heaters and monitored by thermocouples at 350, 400, and 450°C, respectively. The temperature was automatically dropped to 60°C while the reactor was down.

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