Characterizations of Nanostructured Films as Responsive Electrode Materials

2001 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Kariuki ◽  
Jin Luo ◽  
Laura Moussa ◽  
Lisa B. Israel ◽  
Chuan-Jian Zhong ◽  
...  

AbstractNanostructured thin films were assembled as metal-responsive electrode materials from monolayer-capped gold nanoparticles (2 nm) and carboxylic acid functionalized alkyl thiol linkers via an exchange-crosslinking-precipitation reaction pathway. The network assemblies have open frameworks in which void space forms channels or chambers with the nanometer sized cores defining its size and the shell structures defining its chemical specificity. Such nanostructures were investigated as responsive materials for the detection of metal ion fluxes. Cyclic voltammetry, in-situ electrochemical quartz-crystal nanobalance, and surface infrared reflection spectroscopy techniques were used to characterize the interfacial redox reactivity and mass fluxes at the nanostructured electrode materials. The system showed remarkable reversible mass loading arising from incorporation of ionic species into the film. The diagnostic stretching bands of the carboxylic and carboxylate groups at the shell allowed the identification and assessment of the interfacial carboxylate-metal ion reactivity.

Author(s):  
Yaning Gao ◽  
Haoyi Yang ◽  
Ying Bai ◽  
Chuan Wu

Aqueous rechargeable metal ion batteries (ARMBs), featuring safety, facile manufacturing and environmental benignity, have recently attracted extensive attention as promising energy storage systems. Particularly, pursuit of electrode materials with abundance,...


1995 ◽  
Vol 305 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Spencer ◽  
P M Jordan

Experiments are described in which the individual properties of the two 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) binding sites, the A-site and the P-site, of 5-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) have been investigated. The ALA binding affinity at the A-site is greatly enhanced (at least 10-fold) on the binding of the catalytic metal ion (bound at the alpha-site). The nature of the catalytic metal ion, Mg2+ or Zn2+, also gave major variations in the substrate Km, P-site affinity for ALA, the effect of potassium and phosphate ions and the pH-dependence of substrate binding. Modification of the P-site by reaction of the enzyme-substrate Schiff base with NaBH4 and analysis of the reduced adduct by electro-spray mass spectrometry indicated a maximum of 1 mol of substrate incorporated/mol of subunit, correlating with a linear loss of enzyme activity. The reduced Schiff-base adduct was used to investigate substrate binding at the A-site by using rate-of-dialysis analysis. The affinity for ALA at the A-site of Mg alpha Zn beta ALAD was found to determine the Km for the reaction and was pH-dependent, with its affinity increasing from 1 mM at pH 6 to 70 microM at pH 8.5. The affinity of ALA at the P-site of Zn alpha An beta ALAD is proposed to limit the Km at pH values above 7, since the measured Kd for ALA at the A-site in 45 microM Tris, pH 8, was well below the observed Km (600 microM) under the same conditions. The amino group of the ALA molecule bound at the P-site was identified as a critical binding component for the A-site, explaining why ALA binding to ALAD is ordered, with the P-site ALA binding first. Structural requirements for ALA binding at the A- and P-sites have been identified: the P-site requires the carbonyl and carboxylate groups, whereas the A-site requires the amino, carbonyl and carboxylate groups of the substrate.


Chem ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 2786-2813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Lu ◽  
Qiu Zhang ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Zhiqiang Niu ◽  
Jun Chen

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Li ◽  
Dongpeng Yan ◽  
Rui Gao ◽  
Jun Lu ◽  
Min Wei ◽  
...  

The assembly of photofunctional molecules into host matrices has become an important strategy to achieve tunable fluorescence and to develop intelligent materials. The stimuli-responsive photofunctional materials based on chromophores-assembled layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have received much attention from both academic and industry fields as a result of their advantages, such as high photo/thermal stability, easy processing, and well reversibility, which can construct new types of smart luminescent nanomaterials (e.g., ultrathin film and nanocomposite) for sensor and switch applications. In this paper, external environmental stimuli have mainly involved physical (such as temperature, pressure, light, and electricity) and chemical factors (such as pH and metal ion); recent progress on the LDH-based organic-inorganic stimuli-responsive materials has been summarized. Moreover, perspectives on further development of these materials are also discussed.


Author(s):  
Paris E. Georghiou ◽  
Shofiur Rahman ◽  
Yousif Assiri ◽  
Gopi Kishore Valluru ◽  
Melita Menelaou ◽  
...  

The development of a microcantilever (MCL) sensing device capable of simultaneously detecting several metal ionic species in aqueous media with low limits of detection requires a variety of sensing layers which are ion-specific. Calix[4]arenes are robust molecules which can be easily modified and have been extensively studied for their ion binding properties. They are also capable of forming self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) onto the gold layers of MCLs and are capable of detecting various metal ions with different anionic counterions in aqueous solutions. In this paper we report on the effect of the alkoxy group in the narrow rim [O-(alkoxycarbonyl)methoxy] substituents of bimodal calix[4]arenes which have been used as metal ion MCL sensing layers, using classical solution state experimental studies. A DFT computational study to compare the experimental results with several metal ions is also reported herein.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 11742-11755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiming Li ◽  
Hua Tian ◽  
Yanyan Yuan ◽  
Xueqiong Yin ◽  
Xin Wei ◽  
...  

A novel gradient heating procedure was developed to fabricate a targeted metal-ion-imprinted thermo-responsive material from bacterial cellulose using Cu2+ as a template and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) as a monomer; moreover, its structure and properties were analysed via various analytical techniques.


2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1198-1219
Author(s):  
Zhaolei Wang ◽  
Weize Jin ◽  
Xiaoyu Huang ◽  
Guolin Lu ◽  
Yongjun Li

Small ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (48) ◽  
pp. 2004022
Author(s):  
Anni Wang ◽  
Wanwan Hong ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Xuejing Qiu ◽  
...  

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