Oxidative removal of As(III) by polyacrylonitrile@Ag-Ag2O/schwertmannite nanofiber under visible light

Visible light response PAN@Ag-Ag2O/Sch (PAN@AS, schwertmannite and polyacrylonitrile abbreviated as Sch and PAN) nanofibers with different mass ratios were synthesized by electrospinning technology and pH-induced precipitation reaction. X-Ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the formation of Ag-Ag2O/Sch heterojunction and Ag-Ag2O nanoparticles were evenly distributed on the surface of Sch. The prepared nanofibers have high oxidative removal performance for As(III) under visible light. In the [email protected] system, the total As removal percent can reach 90.96% after 120 min irradiation at pH 4.0. The scavenger experiments confirmed that the main active substances of the [email protected] system were h+ and •OH. The high oxidation and removal performance of the [email protected] composite for As(III) was attributed to the effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and high adsorption capacity of Sch for As under acidic conditions. This research provides a new material for the oxidation and removal of pollutants in water [such as As(III)] and also provides a research basis for the preparation of recyclable photocatalysts.

Precipitation of Sugammadex With Nicardipine And Labetalol

BackgroundThere is a paucity of clinical data about whether sugammadex forms precipitates with other medications. This laboratory experimental study was performed to determine the drugs that produce precipitate with sugammadex. MethodsSamples of 1 mL of sugammadex were prepared in transparent cylinders, to which 1 mL of test drugs (rocuronium, neostigmine, glycopyrrolate, atropine, nitroglycerin, dobutamine, dopamine, epinephrine, vasopressin, norepinephrine, phenylephrine, ephedrine, esmolol, nicardipine, labetalol) was then added. The precipitation reaction was observed by eyes and light microscope. The pH of each drugs before and after mixing with sugammadex was measured. ResultsWhite crystals were formed when sugammadex mixed with nicardipine or labetalol. ConclusionsSugammadex formed precipitate when mixed with nicardipine or labetalol. Sufficient fluid flushing is required between injections of each drug to prevent these reactions.

Fabrication of β-Ni(OH)2 Particles by Alkaline Etching Layered Double Hydroxides Precursor for Supercapacitor

We report the facile preparation of β-Ni(OH)2 particles by etching a NiAl-layered double hydroxides (NiAl-LDHs) precursor with KOH solution. The amphoteric Al3+ ions in LDHs crystal were selectively dissolved out by KOH solution and LDHs crystals were proposed to be in situ topologically transformed to form β-Ni(OH)2. Alkaline concentration has a great influence on the structure, morphology, specific surface area, and porous structure of the resulting samples. Compared to LDHs precursor and β-Ni(OH)2 prepared by a precipitation reaction, the sample etched in 10 M KOH solution has enhanced specific capacitance (829 F/g at 1 A/g), high rate capability (capacitance retention 57.3% with current density 8 A/g), and good charge/discharge stability. We suggested that the high accessible specific surface area and appropriate porous structure, which is conducive to full contact between active material and electrolyte, can improve the utilization rate of the active material to increase the rate capacity of the 10 M KOH-etched sample.

Continuous Synthesis of Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Nanoparticles in a Co-precipitation Reaction Using a Silicon Based Microfluidic Reactor

CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts were continuously synthesized in a microfluidic reactor, analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), physisorption (BET), chemisorption, electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and tested for methanol synthesis from...

Fabrication and Characterization of Nanocomposite Hydrogel Based on Alginate/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Loaded with Linum usitatissimum Extract as a Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold

In the current paper, we fabricated, characterized, and applied nanocomposite hydrogel based on alginate (Alg) and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) loaded with phenolic purified extracts from the aerial part of Linum usitatissimum (LOH) as the bone tissue engineering scaffold. nHA was synthesized based on the wet chemical technique/precipitation reaction and incorporated into Alg hydrogel as the filler via physical cross-linking. The characterizations (SEM, DLS, and Zeta potential) revealed that the synthesized nHA possess a plate-like shape with nanometric dimensions. The fabricated nanocomposite has a porous architecture with interconnected pores. The average pore size was in the range of 100–200 µm and the porosity range of 80–90%. The LOH release measurement showed that about 90% of the loaded drug was released within 12 h followed by a sustained release over 48 h. The in vitro assessments showed that the nanocomposite possesses significant antioxidant activity promoting bone regeneration. The hemolysis induction measurement showed that the nanocomposites were hemocompatible with negligible hemolysis induction. The cell viability/proliferation confirmed the biocompatibility of the nanocomposites, which induced proliferative effects in a dose-dependent manner. This study revealed the fabricated nanocomposites are bioactive and osteoactive applicable for bone tissue engineering applications.

Combined CFA-AFM Analytical approach for precipitation reaction regarding crystal growth building single and multiple monolayers based on surface area calculation with image surface roughness analysis (unseen surface)

A reaction of Mebeverine hydrochloride (0.03mM) in pure form with sodium nitroprusside (0.07mM) to form OFF White precipitate. A constant feed was used to collect an enough amount in weight for AFM study. Continuous flow injection analysis was conducted as it is the aim of this study to combine FIA with AFM. To elucidate the study of surface morphology. Various parameters of AFM image surface roughness analysis were discussed in relation to the kind of precipitate formed. Skewness, kurtosis, peak-peak, ten peak height, fractal dimension, wavelength, core roughness depth, and reduced valley depth. All these with the four parameter mainly amplitude, hybrid, functional and spetial. Since no previous study of such was conducted; all usual mode of imaging was dealt with i.e., contact, non-contact and intermittent contact was defined. A non contact mode was used in this study. A detailed study of how the crystal growth buildup first mono layer (hypothetical based on the date obtained also how much each grain carry a concentration with the number that are on the first mono layer. Number of given samples of surface area calculation plus a demonstration of the hypothetically formed multi mono layers specially at high reactant concentration. The main aim of this project was the binding of AFM with FIA which is regarded as an new approach which might be a very useful knowledge for other researcher.

A CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY OF HYDROXYAPATITE : A REVIEW

In chemistry of inorganic crystals, the octacalcium phosphate (OCP) is an apatite based crystals and having a hydrated layers which used in producing of needle or plate-shaped hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanocrystals. Although, the crystals is prepared by a dissolution precipitation reaction. These reaction led to a hexagonal HAP nanocrystals formation under hydrothermal condition from OCP at 180 for 3 hours with pH of solution adjusted to 5.5 and incorporating dicarboxylate e.g. succinate (OOC.(CH2)2.COO)2- ions having Ca/P molar ratio is expected to be 1.56±0.02, where the morphology of OCP are retained. During incorporating of succinate ions in OCP crystals, the hydrogen phosphate (HPO42-) ions in the hydrated layers of OCP are being substituted by succinate ions. Since the crystal system of HAP is hexagonal and its crystalline size in the longitudinal direction of various (a,b,c) axes depending on the thickness of the laminated plate-shaped HAP crystals. Here, their size as perpendicular to the (100) plane which is calculated by introducing of Scherrers equation, D100 = Kλ/(β cos ). The organically modified OCP which generated to HAP have unique nanostructure with micrometer thickness are characterized by using of SEM, FTIR and X-ray diffraction analysis.

Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Polyamideimide Membranes Containing ZIF-8 and CMS Particles for Potential Gas Separation Applications

The present study involves the fabrication and characterization of Polyamideimide (PAI) membrane holding ZIF-8 and CMS particles for potential gas separation applications. Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) nanocrystals were prepared by a precipitation reaction with Zinc metal cluster and 2-methylimidazole, whereas the carbon molecular sieves (CMS) were synthesized by pyrolysis of polyamideimide (PAI) polymer. ZIF-8 and CMS particles were characterized comprehensively for the functional group, crystallinity, and morphological analyses. The successful formation of ZIF-8 nanocrystals was evident from the rhombic octahedron shape, and EDX confirms the presence of Zn metal cluster and methylimidazole linker. The ZIF-8 and CMS nanoparticles incorporated PAI membranes were prepared using phase inversion technique with varying loading wt.% of 1, 2, and 3%. PAI/ZIF-8 and PAI/CMS membranes cross-sectional morphology confirmed that synthesized nanoparticles were well embedded through the PAI membrane. The PAI/ZIF-8 (3 %) membrane, thin dense skin top layer, and well-defined honeycomb porous substructure were observed. Furthermore, the ZIF-8 and CMS particles incorporation have a beneficial impact on the mechanical properties of PAI at the low loading of nanoparticles. Thus, the inclusion of ZIF-8 and CMS particles in the PAI matrix positively altered the physicochemical properties of the resulting hybrid membranes, which could help them achieve remarkable gas permeance and selectivity.