The Cosmopolitan Canopy of East Maritime Southeast Asia: Minority citizenship in the Phil-Indo Archipelago

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-104
Author(s):  
Bruce B. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Square ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Autonomous Regions ◽  
Key Terms

In this article Lawrence examines the elusive yet decisive role of the public square. He explains that the “public square” is the crucial category for understanding the scale and scope of citizenship. Both Indonesia and the Philippines resemble other contemporary polities in so far as their subjects/citizens project public faith, or religion in the public square. Minorities, like their majority neighbors, are ‘pious patriots,’ but they are patriots first. Lawrence demonstrates that to understand minority citizenship, individual voices from both polities must be analyzed. In doing so, he questions whether they can be simply categorized as full-fledged citizens of nation-states. Key terms that define minority relations are IP (Indigenous People) for the Southern Philippines, and adat (native practices) for many of the newly autonomous regions within Indonesia. By examining both IP and adat, Lawrence underscores the benefits, but also reveals the shortcomings, of the public square as it functions throughout the Phil-Indo Archipelago. This study concludes with a projection of what future changes in the public square will augur, not only for the region but also for its neighbors.

Conceptions of Community in Colonial Southeast Asia

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 337-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Stockwell
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Asian Values ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Common Experience ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Unity In Diversity ◽  
Shared Commitment

It is a commonplace that European rule contributed both to the consolidation of the nation-states of Southeast Asia and to the aggravation of disputes within them. Since their independence, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam have all faced the upheavals of secessionism or irredentism or communalism. Governments have responded to threats of fragmentation by appeals to national ideologies like Sukarno's pancasila (five principles) or Ne Win's ‘Burmese way to socialism’. In attempting to realise unity in diversity, they have paraded a common experience of the struggle for independence from colonial rule as well as a shared commitment to post-colonial modernisation. They have also ruthlessly repressed internal opposition or blamed their problems upon the foreign forces of neocolonialism, world communism, western materialism, and other threats to Asian values. Yet, because its effects were uneven and inconsistent while the reactions to it were varied and frequently equivocal, the part played by colonialism in shaping the affiliations and identities of Southeast Asian peoples was by no means clear-cut.

Investigating the Role of Big Data in Transportation Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (6) ◽  
pp. 244-252
Author(s):  
Subasish Das ◽  
Greg P. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Quantified Analysis ◽  
Population Representation

Big data may offer solutions for many challenges for transportation safety, providing more data faster, with higher spatial and temporal resolution. However, researchers and practitioners identify biases in big data that need to be explored and examined before performing data-driven decision-making. Leveraging semi-structured interviews of big data experts, this study includes a quantified analysis of topic frequency and an evaluation of the reliability of concepts through two independently trained coders. To identify the trends in the unstructured textual contents, the research team developed a text mining pipeline to identify trends, patterns, and biases. The study identifies key terms experts use when describing the role of big data in transportation safety, how the terms relate to the big data experts’ language through network plots, and clustering shows a need to focus on sources, quality, analysis, and implementation of big data. Results show value in maintaining the centrality of transportation experts and the public to determine the proper goals and metrics to evaluate transportation safety. Practitioners and researchers can develop new methods to improve population representation with big data, in addition to addressing difficult transportation safety problems. Working ahead of emerging trends and technologies of big data could support further advancements in transportation safety.

What drives consumer demand for rice fragrance? Evidence from South and Southeast Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (11) ◽  
pp. 3473-3498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subir Bairagi ◽  
Matty Demont ◽  
Marie Claire Custodio ◽  
Jhoanne Ynion
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Choice Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
South And Southeast Asia ◽  
Asian Consumers

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze geographic heterogeneity of consumer preferences for intrinsic quality attributes of rice in South and Southeast Asia and the drivers of demand for these attributes, with a particular focus on rice fragrance and the role of gender.Design/methodology/approachStated-preference surveys were conducted with 4,231 urban and rural consumers in 37 cities across seven countries (Bangladesh, India, Cambodia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam) during 2013–2014 and analyzed through a rank-ordered logistic regression with incomplete ranking choice data.FindingsPreferences for rice attributes are found to be significantly heterogeneous among consumers in South and Southeast Asia. Urban Thai consumers tend to prioritize appearance and cooking characteristics over taste and nutritional benefits, relative to all other surveyed consumers. In contrast with South Asian consumers, Southeast Asian consumers have largely adopted Thai preferences for rice texture and fragrance, a trend that was earlier coined “Jasminization.” We find that demand for rice fragrance is mainly driven by women, educated consumers, large families, families spending a lower share of their food expenditures on rice, and consumers in Southeast Asia (particularly the Philippines and Cambodia).Originality/valueLittle is known about geographic heterogeneity, drivers, and the role of gender in demand for rice fragrance. This paper fills these knowledge gaps. Our findings suggest that the more women are empowered in grocery decision-making, the more demand for aromatic rice is expected to rise. These insights can assist market-driven and gender-responsive rice breeding programs in simultaneously enhancing rice farmers' livelihoods and gender equity.

The Politics of Scientific Knowledge

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Suhay
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Political Values ◽  
The Public ◽  
Historical Role ◽  
Understanding Of Science ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
Personal Interests

This article discusses the various ways in which political concerns among government officials, scientists, journalists, and the public influence the production, communication, and reception of scientific knowledge. In so doing, the article covers a wide variety of topics, mainly with a focus on the U.S. context. The article begins by defining key terms under discussion and explaining why science is so susceptible to political influence. The article then proceeds to discuss: the government’s current and historical role as a funder, manager, and consumer of scientific knowledge; how the personal interests and ideologies of scientists can influence their research; the susceptibility of scientific communication to politicization and the concomitant political impact on audiences; the role of the public’s political values, identities, and interests in their understanding of science; and, finally, the role of the public, mainly through interest groups and think tanks, in shaping the production and public discussion of scientific knowledge. While the article’s primary goal is to provide an empirical description of these influences, a secondary, normative, goal is to clarify when political values and interests are or are not appropriate influences on the creation and dissemination of scientific knowledge in a democratic context.

scholarly journals Conceptualising the role of cities in the governance of religious diversity in Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 810-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Martínez-Ariño
Keyword(s):  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Informal Practices ◽  
Legal Frameworks

The sociological literature has devoted less attention to cities than to nation-states as contexts for the regulation of religion and religious diversity in Europe. Drawing on ideas from the literature on migration, urban studies, geography and the sociology of religion, as well as empirical material from fieldwork conducted in three medium-size cities in France, the author conceptualises the governance of religious diversity in cities as complex assemblages where (1) the political interests and claims of various unequally socially positioned actors over (2) a number of domains and objects of the public expression of religiosity are (3) subjected to a variety of municipal interventions, which are (4) shaped by the interplay of supranational legal frameworks, national legislation, policies, institutional arrangements and local contextual factors. The result of these regulation processes are particular (and often contested) normative definitions of ‘accepted’ or ‘legitimate’ public expressions of religiosity, subsequently enacted by a variety of local actors through both formal procedures and informal practices.

Wants, Wages, And Workers

2005 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
GREG BANKOFF
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Labor Shortage ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Work Relations

A need for workers posed a dilemma for the new U.S. administration in the Philippines anxious to demonstrate its progressive intentions and distance itself from the compulsion that had characterized public works during the previous regime. Instead, it turned to the market to �nd both an ideologically acceptable and a practically realizable solution. Commencing with an investigation of extrafamilial work relations during the Spanish period, this article traces the nature and extent of the labor shortage at the turn of the twentieth century. It then discusses the important role of unions before evaluating government policy in the light of subsequent events. In one sense, the American Philippines was the �rst truly modern state in Southeast Asia, infused by the logic of capitalism and informed by market mechanisms.

Doing Theology in a Straitened Public Square

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-227
Author(s):  
Andrew Bradstock
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Public Theology ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Square ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
The Given

A public theologian will have two questions constantly in mind: Where is the public square with which I am expected to engage? And, what are its terms of engagement? Both questions necessarily involve examining the nature and role of the media as it touches upon the given context, and it is the intention in this article to reflect upon the challenges and opportunities of undertaking public theology in an environment where, (a) significant sections of the mass media accord very low priority to serious discussion of current issues and (b) voices offering a ‘faith’ perspective, or seeking even to draw upon the language of conviction or moral value, are at worst unwelcome and at best misunderstood. What does it look like to do public theology in a ‘straitened’ public square? What challenges are presented and how might they be met?

Communism, Cold War and Commodity Chains: Southeast Asian Labor History in a Comparative and Transnational Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 159-179
Author(s):  
Ulbe Bosma
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Commodity Chains ◽  
Global Commodity Chains ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Second World

The geographical term “Southeast Asia” dates from the 1930s, and came to denote a topic for academic studies in the early days of the Cold War. As such, it includes Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Indochina, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines. Southeast Asia has become thoroughly incorporated in the global economy over the past 150 years; first, as a producer of commodities, and later, as a supplier of cheap garments and electronic components. Under Dutch colonialism and British hegemony—the latter established by the conquest of Burma and the imposition of free trade on Siam and the Philippines in the 1850s—Southeast Asia was turned into a key provider of commodities for the industrializing countries. During high colonialism, from 1870 to 1930, the region became increasingly intertwined, via Singapore as the central port and through the role of mainland Southeast Asia as the rice basket for the plantations of maritime Southeast Asia. After the Second World War, the region was the world's most violent frontier of containment for communist expansion. In recent decades, Southeast Asia has become integrated in global commodity chains as a producer of cheap industrial goods, often as a subcontractor for more advanced economies, such as those of Hong Kong, Korea, Taiwan, and later on, Southeast China.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document