scholarly journals Monitoring the Effects of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate to Tenofovir Alafenamide Switch for Tubulotoxicity in Highly Treatment-Experienced or in Very Sick Individuals Infected with HIV

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Nicole Lioufas ◽  
Alan Street ◽  
Paul Champion De Crespigny ◽  
Stephen G. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Frequent Monitoring ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Tubular Toxicity ◽  
Tenofovir Alafenamide

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is a common antiretroviral utilised in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B infections. It is associated with the development of tubulotoxicity and tubulopathies, and is not recommended in the treatment of patients with baseline chronic kidney disease. Until now, guidelines have suggested frequent monitoring of serum biochemistry to detect the development of such complications. In recent trials, a new prodrug formulation of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has been shown to exhibit less tubular toxicity than its counterpart due to a lower serum concentration of its metabolites. In this article, we share our experience with two patients who developed tubulotoxicity following the commencement of TDF-based regimens in HIV, and its improvement following its change to TAF, and review the available literature regarding tenofovir-based nephrotoxicity.

Chronic Kidney Disease in Cameroon: A scoping review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Brown Aseneh ◽  
Ben-Lawrence A. Kemah ◽  
Stephane Mabouna ◽  
Njang Mbeng Emmanuel ◽  
Domin Sone Majunda Ekane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Treatment Cost ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract ObjectivesThis scoping review sought to summarize available data on the prevalence, associated factors, etiology, comorbidities, treatment, cost, and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Cameroon.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus and African Journals Online from database inception to 31 March, 2020 to identify all studies published on the prevalence, associated factors, etiology, comorbidities, treatment, cost and mortality of CKD in Cameroon.ResultsThirty studies were included. The population prevalence of CKD varied from 3-14.1% and 10.0%-14.2% in rural and urban areas, respectively. The prevalence of CKD in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and human immunodeficiency virus was 12.4-50.0%, 18.5%, and 3.0-47.2%, respectively. Hypertension (22.3-59.1%), chronic glomerulonephritis (15.8-56.2%), and diabetes mellitus (15.8-56.2%) were the most common causes of CKD. The cause was unknown in 13.5-17.0% of the cases. Advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity were frequent associated factors. Hemodialysis was the main treatment modality in patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The monthly cost of management of non-dialyzed CKD was 163 US dollars. The one-year mortality rate of ESRD was 26.8-38.6%.ConclusionChronic kidney disease in affects about one in ten adults in the general population in Cameroon Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and human immunodeficiency virus bear the greatest burden of CKD in Cameroon. Advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity are major factors associated with CKD. Chronic kidney disease in Cameroon is associated with high morbidity and mortality and huge economic cost on the patient.

scholarly journals Chronic kidney disease in Australian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected patients: Analysis of the Australian HIV Observational Database

Nephrology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 778-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Cheung ◽  
Rainer Puhr ◽  
Kathy Petoumenos ◽  
David A Cooper ◽  
Ian Woolley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Observational Database ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals The Impact of Immunosuppression on Chronic Kidney Disease in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The D:A:D Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene Ryom ◽  
Jens D Lundgren ◽  
Peter Reiss ◽  
Mike Ross ◽  
Ole Kirk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Incidence Rate Ratio ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Time Lagged ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Relations between different measures of human immunodeficiency virus–related immunosuppression and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain unknown. Methods Immunosuppression measures included baseline, current, time-lagged and nadir CD4, years and percentage of follow-up (%FU) with CD4 ≤200 cells/μL, and CD4 recovery. CKD was defined as confirmed estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/minute/1.73 m2. Results Of 33 791 persons, 2226 developed CKD. Univariably, all immunosuppression measures predicted CKD. Multivariably, the strongest predictor was %FU CD4 ≤200 cells/μL (0 vs >25%; incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.77 [95% confidence interval [CI], .68–.88]), with highest effect in those at low D:A:D CKD risk (IRR, 0.45 [95% CI, .24–.80]) vs 0.80 [95% CI, .70–.93]). Conclusions Longer immunosuppression duration most strongly predicts CKD and affects persons at low CKD risk more.

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