scholarly journals The Impact of Immunosuppression on Chronic Kidney Disease in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The D:A:D Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene Ryom ◽  
Jens D Lundgren ◽  
Peter Reiss ◽  
Mike Ross ◽  
Ole Kirk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Incidence Rate Ratio ◽  
Current Time ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Time Lagged ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Relations between different measures of human immunodeficiency virus–related immunosuppression and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remain unknown. Methods Immunosuppression measures included baseline, current, time-lagged and nadir CD4, years and percentage of follow-up (%FU) with CD4 ≤200 cells/μL, and CD4 recovery. CKD was defined as confirmed estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/minute/1.73 m2. Results Of 33 791 persons, 2226 developed CKD. Univariably, all immunosuppression measures predicted CKD. Multivariably, the strongest predictor was %FU CD4 ≤200 cells/μL (0 vs >25%; incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.77 [95% confidence interval [CI], .68–.88]), with highest effect in those at low D:A:D CKD risk (IRR, 0.45 [95% CI, .24–.80]) vs 0.80 [95% CI, .70–.93]). Conclusions Longer immunosuppression duration most strongly predicts CKD and affects persons at low CKD risk more.

Chronic Kidney Disease in Cameroon: A scoping review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Brown Aseneh ◽  
Ben-Lawrence A. Kemah ◽  
Stephane Mabouna ◽  
Njang Mbeng Emmanuel ◽  
Domin Sone Majunda Ekane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Treatment Cost ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract ObjectivesThis scoping review sought to summarize available data on the prevalence, associated factors, etiology, comorbidities, treatment, cost, and mortality of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Cameroon.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus and African Journals Online from database inception to 31 March, 2020 to identify all studies published on the prevalence, associated factors, etiology, comorbidities, treatment, cost and mortality of CKD in Cameroon.ResultsThirty studies were included. The population prevalence of CKD varied from 3-14.1% and 10.0%-14.2% in rural and urban areas, respectively. The prevalence of CKD in patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and human immunodeficiency virus was 12.4-50.0%, 18.5%, and 3.0-47.2%, respectively. Hypertension (22.3-59.1%), chronic glomerulonephritis (15.8-56.2%), and diabetes mellitus (15.8-56.2%) were the most common causes of CKD. The cause was unknown in 13.5-17.0% of the cases. Advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity were frequent associated factors. Hemodialysis was the main treatment modality in patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). The monthly cost of management of non-dialyzed CKD was 163 US dollars. The one-year mortality rate of ESRD was 26.8-38.6%.ConclusionChronic kidney disease in affects about one in ten adults in the general population in Cameroon Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and human immunodeficiency virus bear the greatest burden of CKD in Cameroon. Advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity are major factors associated with CKD. Chronic kidney disease in Cameroon is associated with high morbidity and mortality and huge economic cost on the patient.

scholarly journals Chronic kidney disease in Australian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected patients: Analysis of the Australian HIV Observational Database

Nephrology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 778-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Cheung ◽  
Rainer Puhr ◽  
Kathy Petoumenos ◽  
David A Cooper ◽  
Ian Woolley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Observational Database ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease and Poor Diagnostic Accuracy of Dipstick Proteinuria in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Individuals: A Multicenter Study in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Yanagisawa ◽  
Takashi Muramatsu ◽  
Tomohiko Koibuchi ◽  
Akihiro Inui ◽  
Yusuke Ainoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection ◽  
Dipstick Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Kdigo Guidelines

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become one of the common comorbid conditions affecting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) population. Human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals are at increased risk of developing CKD, and they are likely to experience faster progression of renal dysfunction compared with HIV-uninfected individuals. Albuminuria represents not only kidney damage but also manifests metabolic syndrome and vascular dysfunction. Methods We conducted a multicenter, cross-sectional study involving 2135 HIV-infected individuals in Japan to test the prevalence of CKD and proteinuria/albuminuria. Urine sample was analyzed by both dipstick test and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) assay. Chronic kidney disease was classified according to the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines. The diagnostic performance of dipstick test to detect albuminuria (ACR ≥30 mg/g) was evaluated. Results The prevalence of CKD, evaluated by K/DOQI and KDIGO guidelines, was 15.8% and 20.4%, respectively. Age, total cholesterol level, prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hepatitis C infection tended to increase, whereas levels of hemoglobin, serum albumin, and CD4 cell count tended to decrease as CKD risk grades progressed. Proteinuria and albuminuria were present in 8.9% and 14.5% of individuals, respectively. Dipstick test ≥1+ to detect albuminuria had an overall sensitivity of 44.9% and specificity of 97.2%. Conclusions The KDIGO guideline may enable physicians to capture HIV-infected patients at increased risk more effectively. The sensitivity of dipstick proteinuria to detect albuminuria is so poor that it may not serve as an alternative in HIV-infected individuals.

P0756THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ABDOMINAL AORTIC CALCIFICATION AND PROGRESSION OF RENAL INSUFFICIENCY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
SO MI KIM ◽  
Jong Tae Cho ◽  
Ji Hyun Jeon ◽  
Yong-Moon Lee ◽  
Eun Kyoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Insufficiency ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Aortic Calcification ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Calcification ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Annual Decline

Abstract Background and Aims Although abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is known to be associated with cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), there are little information about the impact of AAC on progression of CKD. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between the AAC and progression of renal insufficiency in CKD patients with early stage. Method A total of 183 patients with CKD, stage 3 was included. The degree of AAC was evaluated by computed tomography and the score was calculated as follows: abdominal calcification index (ACI)= (total score of calcification on all slices)/12 × 1/(number of slices) × 100%. Based on tertile of ACI, the patients were divided into three groups: low-, intermediate-, and high-groups. The annual decline of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and time to dialysis were assessed. Results The AAC was found (ACI > 0) in 129 patients (70.4%), and the mean ACI was 21.3 %. The average duration of follow-up was 46.9 months. The high ACI group showed higher annual decline in GFR compared to other groups (27.8 vs 14.5 vs 11.3 mL/min, p=0.042). During the follow-up, 68.8% (42/61) of high ACI group received dialysis and the time to dialysis was significantly shorter than other groups (14.8 vs. 25.8 vs.29.1 months, p=0.038) Conclusion In this study, we showed the AAC was associated with rapid progression of CKD. Evaluation of the AAC in CKD with early stage provides useful information for predicting the progression of CKD.

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