scholarly journals Genetic Aspects of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 442-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel O. Bogomolov ◽  
Kseniya Yu. Kokina ◽  
Aleksander Yu. Mayorov ◽  
Ekaterina E. Mishina
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most commonly diagnosed hepatopathy. There is an increase in the incidence of NAFLD in the structure of liver diseases in children and adolescents, which is directly related to the increasing prevalence of obesity. The spectrum of liver tissue changes in NAFLD ranges from benign hepatocellular steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis of the liver, and hepatocellular carcinoma. With the increasing prevalence of NAFLD in children, we can expect an increase in the incidence of adverse outcomes among people of working age. The key problem for NAFLD is the prediction of disease outcomes. In epidemiological and genetic studies, the relationship between the morphological stage of NAFLD and hereditary factors is shown. Currently, there are three genes associated with NAFLD (PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and GCKR), which, together with the genes responsible for insulin resistance, lipid deposition, inflammation and fibrogenesis in hepatocytes, determine the phenotype of fatty liver disease. The article considers the modern understanding of the issues of genetics, development of liver steatosis and progression of NASH. It is expected that this knowledge can transform our risk stratification strategies in patients with NAFLD and help identify new therapeutic goals.

Non-Invasive Approaches to Estimate Liver Steatosis and Stiffness in Children with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshifumi Yodoshi ◽  
Sarah Orkin ◽  
Andrew T. Trout ◽  
Ana Catalina Arce-Clachar ◽  
Kristin Bramlage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-invasive assessment of liver steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. E420-E427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Kan ◽  
Yuki Kimura ◽  
Hideyuki Hyogo ◽  
Takayuki Fukuhara ◽  
Hatsue Fujino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Efficacy of diacerein in reducing liver steatosis and fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie C. Leite ◽  
Bianca B. Viegas ◽  
Cristiane A. Villela‐Nogueira ◽  
Fernanda O. Carlos ◽  
Claudia R.L. Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

scholarly journals Preventive effects of citrulline on Western diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanthi Jegatheesan ◽  
Stéphanie Beutheu ◽  
Kim Freese ◽  
Anne-Judith Waligora-Dupriet ◽  
Esther Nubret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Liver Injuries ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

AbstractA Western diet induces insulin resistance, liver steatosis (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)) and intestinal dysbiosis, leading to increased gut permeability and bacterial translocation, thus contributing to the progression of NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In the present study, we sought, in a model of Western diet-induced NAFLD, to determine whether citrulline (Cit), an amino acid that regulates protein and energy metabolism, could decrease Western diet-induced liver injuries, as well as the mechanisms involved. Sprague–Dawley rats were fed a high-fat diet (45 %) and fructose (30 %) in drinking water or a control diet associated with water (group C) for 8 weeks. The high-fat, high-fructose diet (Western diet) was fed either alone (group WD) or with Cit (1 g/kg per d) (group WDC) or an isonitrogenous amount of non-essential amino acids (group WDA). We evaluated nutritional and metabolic status, liver function, intestinal barrier function, gut microbiota and splanchnic inflammatory status. Cit led to a lower level of hepatic TAG restricted to microvesicular lipid droplets and to a lower mRNA expression of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, a marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress, of pro-inflammatory cytokines Il6 (P<0·05) and Tnfα, and of toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) (P<0·05). Cit also improved plasma TAG and insulin levels. In the colon, it decreased inflammation (Tnfα and Tlr4 expressions) and increased claudin-1 protein expression. This was associated with higher levels of Bacteroides/Prevotella compared with rats fed the Western diet alone. Cit improves Western diet-induced liver injuries via decreased lipid deposition, increased insulin sensitivity, lower inflammatory process and preserved antioxidant status. This may be related in part to its protective effects at the gut level.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the efficiency of Vasonate in patients with comorbid pathology: hypertensive disease and liver steatosis

2018 ◽  
pp. 94-109
Author(s):  
N. V. Kuzminova ◽  
O. V. Gribenyk ◽  
N. Y. Osovskaya ◽  
I. I. Knyazkova
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Basic Therapy ◽  
Vasomotor Function ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The aim of this study was to study the clinical efficacy and safety of the preparation of meldonium Vazonat® as part of the complex therapy of patients with stage II hypertension with comorbid non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. There were 72 patients under examined, the average age was (48.4 ± 1.8) years. Depending on the composition of the combined therapy, patients were separated into 2 groups: the main (38 patients) and comparisons (34 patients). Patients of the main group to the basic therapy, which consisted of modern antihypertensive drugs and statins, were supplemented with meldonium Vasonate preparation 1 capsule (250 mg) 2 times a day for 2 months. Patient comparison groups received only basic therapy. All the examinations were conducted before the appointment of therapy and after 2 months. The study showed that the appointment of complex therapy with the addition of the drug of meldonium Vasonate® not only promotes normalization of the level and daily profile of arterial pressure, a decrease in its variability and recovery of the vasomotor function of the endothelium, but also positively affects most of the indices of lipid, carbohydrate and fat metabolism, can to a certain extent inhibit the development of further metabolic disorders and reduce cardiovascular risk. Due to the complex action on various links and general mechanisms of the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the use of meldonium Vazonat® allows optimizing the standart basic therapy, restoring the metabolic status, accompanied by good tolerance, improvement in the well-being, activity and mood of patients.

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