Prevalence of the different FAB sub type of Acute Myeloid Leukemia related to hematological parameters in Sudanese

Hematologic toxicity of cytostatic drugs is one of the main complications caused by induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia and ranks first position among the causes of mortality in patients at this stage of treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate the nature and occurrence rate of myelotoxicity in patients with acute myeloid leukemia during the standard induction chemotherapy. Materials and methods. The study involved 39 inpatients (23 (59%) women and 16 (41%) men, the average age of patients was 58.5±7.69) with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia who took the course of treatment at hematology department of the M.V. Sklifosovsky Poltava Regional Clinical Hospital. All patients received standard courses of induction chemotherapy "7+3" or "5+2". The patients had complete blood count prior to the start of chemotherapy, on the 7th, 14th and 28th days of the first induction course. The myelotoxicity grade was assessed using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.02. Results. Myelotoxicity of chemotherapy in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia reached the 4th highest toxicity grade on the 14th day of the first induction course and manifested by neutropenia in 22 (56.4%) patients with the development of febrile neutropenia; thrombocytopenia was detected in 11 (28.2%) with severe skin hemorrhagic syndrome and anemia was detected in 7 (17.9%) patients. Conclusions. Standard induction chemotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia has a high toxicity grade, requires regular careful monitoring of hematological parameters and supportive therapy; due to its toxicity, standard induction chemotherapy often leads to the next treatment course delay.

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Gemase for treatment of intraretinal hemorrhages and hemophthalmia at thrombocytopenia due to acute myeloid leukemia in children

Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology ◽

10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-1-85-91 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 85-91

Author(s):

A. O. Koposova ◽

А. В. Petukhova ◽

I. I. Kalinina ◽

K. S. Antonova

Keyword(s):

Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Vitreous Body ◽

Anatomical Structures ◽

The Relationship ◽

Leukemia In Children ◽

Acute Myeloid ◽

Intraretinal Hemorrhages

Intraretinal hemorrhages are the most common eye lesion in patients with hemoblastosis. Such patients have lower hemoglobin and platelet counts than those who haven’t hemorrhages. Hemophthalmia is the penetration of blood into the vitreous body or into one of the spaces formed around it. The reason for this may be vessels damage of the retina or newly formed vessels of the retina, that are more fragile compared to normal. Thrombocytopenia is one of the most common hematological symptoms in different blood diseases. Thrombocytopenia is a significant decrease in the number of circulating platelets (less than 100 × 109 /l), which leads to bleeding. Ophthalmic problems can occur in acute leukemia with thrombocytopenia, which can affect any anatomical structures of the eye. The relationship between hematological parameters and the nature of changes in the fundus has been established. The article provides analysis of two clinical cases of hemophthalmia in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia and description of positive dynamics on therapy with Gemase. Parents gave their consent to use information about the child, including fotos, in the article.

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Prevalence of Leukemia and Associated Factors among Patients with Abnormal Hematological Parameters in Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Advances in Hematology ◽

10.1155/2020/2014152 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Woldeteklehaymanot Kassahun ◽

Girum Tesfaye ◽

Lealem Gedefaw Bimerew ◽

Diriba Fufa ◽

Wondimagen Adissu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Medical Center ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Lymphoid Leukemia ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Acute Myeloid

Introduction. Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of hematological disorder which comprise several diverse and biologically distinct subgroups. Leukemia represents the 11th and 10th most frequent cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide, respectively. Adequate data regarding the prevalence of leukemia are lacking in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of leukemia and associated factors among patients who have abnormal hematological parameters in Jimma Medical Center. Methodology. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 332 patients who have abnormal hematological parameters. Complete blood count from venous blood was made with Sysmex autohematology analyzer (Sysmex XS-500i and XT-1800; Kobe, Japan). Peripheral blood morphology and bone marrow aspirate examination were done for each patient. Descriptive statistics for the prevalence of leukemia and multinomial logistic regression analysis to assess associated factors were executed with IBM SPSS version 25. Results. The prevalence of leukemia was 9.3%, while acute myeloid leukemia, Acute Lymphoid Leukemia, Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, and undifferentiated leukemia comprises 3.6%, 2.7%, 1.8%, 0.6%, and 0.3%, respectively. Older Age ( p = 0.019 ), being male ( p = 0.047 ), being anemic ( p = 0.03 ), and rural residency of a patient ( p = 0.044 ) were significantly associated with having acute myeloid leukemia. Conclusion. The prevalence of leukemia among patients who have abnormal hematological parameters in Jimma Medical Center is significant which needs further comprehensive investigations of the associated factors and predictors with more up to date diagnostic methods.

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Cytogenetics' impact on the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia

Journal of Laboratory Physicians ◽

10.4103/jlp.jlp_164_18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (02) ◽

pp. 133-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Monika Gupta ◽

Manoranjan Mahapatra ◽

Renu Saxena

Keyword(s):

Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Normal Karyotype ◽

Response To Therapy ◽

Flow Cytometric ◽

Risk Patients ◽

Standard Risk ◽

Acute Myeloid

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a group of disorders characterized by a spectrum of clinical, morphological, immunophenotypic, and associated chromosomal abnormalities. The identification of cytogenetic abnormalities at diagnosis is important for the evaluation of the response to therapy and the identification of an early reemergence of disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Newly diagnosed cases of AML were included in the study. Diagnosis of AML was based on morphology on bone marrow (BM) aspirates, cytochemistry, and flow cytometric immunophenotyping. Chromosomal analysis was performed on BM by short-term unstimulated cultures using standard cytogenetic technique. RESULTS: There were 25 males and 13 females with age group between 15 and 64 years. Cytogenetic analysis of these cases showed normal karyotype in 10 (26.3%) cases and abnormal karyotype in 28 (73.6%) cases. Cytogenetic finding in AML was divided into three groups: favorable risk, intermediate risk, and unfavorable risk. Patients in the standard risk group responded well to the chemotherapy while patients with intermediate and unfavorable karyotype had relapsed. CONCLUSION: We recommend that cytogenetics should be performed routinely in all cases of AML. A correlation must be done with various biochemical and hematological parameters, immunophenotyping, and BM morphology. Molecular studies must be integrated with cytogenetic studies for risk stratification at diagnosis to improve therapeutic strategies.

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Gemase for treatment of intraretinal hemorrhages and hemophthalmia at thrombocytopenia due to acute myeloid leukemia in children

Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology ◽

10.24287/1726-1708-2020-19-1-85-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 85-91

Author(s):

A. O. Koposova ◽

А. В. Petukhova ◽

I. I. Kalinina ◽

K. S. Antonova

Keyword(s):

Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Myeloid Leukemia ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Hematological Parameters ◽

Vitreous Body ◽

Anatomical Structures ◽

The Relationship ◽

Leukemia In Children ◽

Acute Myeloid ◽

Intraretinal Hemorrhages

Intraretinal hemorrhages are the most common eye lesion in patients with hemoblastosis. Such patients have lower hemoglobin and platelet counts than those who haven’t hemorrhages. Hemophthalmia is the penetration of blood into the vitreous body or into one of the spaces formed around it. The reason for this may be vessels damage of the retina or newly formed vessels of the retina, that are more fragile compared to normal. Thrombocytopenia is one of the most common hematological symptoms in different blood diseases. Thrombocytopenia is a significant decrease in the number of circulating platelets (less than 100 × 109 /l), which leads to bleeding. Ophthalmic problems can occur in acute leukemia with thrombocytopenia, which can affect any anatomical structures of the eye. The relationship between hematological parameters and the nature of changes in the fundus has been established. The article provides analysis of two clinical cases of hemophthalmia in pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia and description of positive dynamics on therapy with Gemase. Parents gave their consent to use information about the child, including fotos, in the article.

Download Full-text