scholarly journals ALTURA DE PLANTAS E DIÂMETRO DE COLMOS DE SORGO FORRAGEIRO IRRIGADO EM FUNÇÃO DE CORTES

Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Jardel Henrique Kirchner ◽  
Adroaldo Dias Robaina ◽  
Marcia Xavier Peiter ◽  
Rogério Ricalde Torres ◽  
Wellington Mezzomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Santa Maria

ALTURA DE PLANTAS E DIÂMETRO DE COLMOS DE SORGO FORRAGEIRO IRRIGADO EM FUNÇÃO DE CORTES     JARDEL HENRIQUE KIRCHNER1; ADROALDO DIAS ROBAINA2; MARCIA XAVIER PEITER3; ROGÉRIO RICALDE TORRES4; WELLINGTON MEZZOMO5 E RICARDO BENETTI ROSSO6   1 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Nelsi Ribas Fritsch, nº 1111, bairro Esperança, Ibirubá, RS, Brasil, CEP: 98200-000, [email protected]. 2  Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor Titular do Departamento de Engenharia Rural, UFSM, Avenida Roraima, nº 1000, bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 97195-000, [email protected]. 3 Eng. Agrônoma, Doutora, Professora Associada do Departamento de Engenharia Rural, UFSM, Avenida Roraima, nº 1000, bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 97195-000, [email protected]. 4 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Eng. João Viterbo de Oliveira, nº 3061, Zona Rural, Vacaria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 95219-899, [email protected]. 5 Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre, Doutorando no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Agrícola, UFSM, Avenida Roraima, nº 1000, bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil, CEP: 97195-000, [email protected]. 6 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Professor no Instituto Federal Catarinense, Rodovia SC 283 - km 17, Concórdia, SC, Brasil, CEP: 89703-720, ricardo.rosso @ifc.edu.br.      1 RESUMO   A obtenção de elevadas produtividades de pastagens é essencial para a manutenção dos níveis alimentares de rebanhos bovinos. A altura de plantas e o diâmetro de colmos caracterizam-se como determinantes no sucesso produtivo da pastagem pela quantidade de massa produzida. Um dos fatores que alteram esses índices são as precipitações irregulares, tornando necessária a reposição da demanda através da irrigação. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o diâmetro de colmos e a altura de plantas sob diferentes condições hídricas e cortes no sorgo forrageiro, em dois anos agrícolas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos nos anos agrícolas de 2015/2016 e 2016/2017 em Santa Maria (RS), e foram avaliadas as alturas de plantas e os diâmetros de colmos em seis condições hídricas (não irrigado, 25, 50, 75, 100 e 125 % da ETo), em três períodos de cortes (50, 80 e 110 dias após a semeadura) em delineamento blocos ao acaso. Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas para a variação da altura de plantas e também do diâmetro de colmos, tanto conforme a lâmina de irrigação, quanto na sequência de cortes.   Palavras chave: pastagem irrigada, capacidade de rebrote, irrigação.     KIRCHNER, J. H.; ROBAINA, A. D.; PEITER, M. X.; TORRES, R. R.; MEZZOMO, W.; ROSSO, R. B. HEIGHT OF PLANTS AND DIAMETER OF STEMS OF SORGHUM FORAGE IRRIGATED BY CUTS         2 ABSTRACT   Achieving high pasture yields is essential for maintaining feed levels in cattle herds. Plant height and stem diameter are determinants of pasture production success by the amount of mass produced. One of the factors that change these rates is irregular rainfall, making it necessary to replenish demand through irrigation. The objective of this work was to evaluate stem diameter and plant height under different water conditions and forage sorghum cuts in two agricultural years in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Two experiments were conducted in the agricultural years of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 in Santa Maria / RS, and plant heights and stem diameters were evaluated in six water conditions (non-irrigated, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125% of ETo), in three cutting periods (50, 80 and 110 days after sowing) in a randomized block design. Statistically significant differences were found for plant height and stem diameter variation, both according to irrigation depth and cut sequence.   Keywords: irrigated pasture, regrowth capacity, irrigation.

scholarly journals EMISSÕES DE GASES DE TRATOR AGRÍCOLA NA OPERAÇÃO DE SEMEADURA COM TRÁFEGO CONTROLADO EM DIFERENTES INTENSIDADES

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
GILVAN MOISÉS BERTOLLO ◽  
JOSÉ FERNANDO SCHLOSSER ◽  
ROVIAN BERTINATTO ◽  
MARCELO SILVEIRA FARIAS ◽  
ALFRAN TELLECHEA MARTINI
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Agricultural Tractor

EMISSÕES DE GASES DE TRATOR AGRÍCOLA NA OPERAÇÃO DE SEMEADURA COM TRÁFEGO CONTROLADO EM DIFERENTES INTENSIDADES   GILVAN MOISÉS BERTOLLO1, JOSÉ FERNANDO SCHLOSSER2, ROVIAN BERTINATTO3, MARCELO SILVEIRA DE FARIAS4, ALFRAN TELLECHEA MARTINI5   1 Curso de Agronomia, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Câmpus Santa Helena, Rua Cerejeira, s/n, Bairro São Luís, CEP 85892-000, Santa Helena, Paraná, Brasil, [email protected]. 2 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima n°1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, [email protected], 3 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima n°1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, [email protected], 4 Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Câmpus Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, [email protected], 5 Coordenadoria Acadêmica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Câmpus Cachoeira do Sul, Rua Ernesto Barros, n° 1345, Bairro Santo Antônio, CEP 96506-310, Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, [email protected]     RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as emissões de gases de trator agrícola, tracionando semeadora com diferentes configurações de sulcadores, em área com intensidades de tráfego controlado e aleatório de máquinas. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em área agrícola localizada no município de Carazinho, RS. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados 4 x 3, sendo quatro intensidades de tráfego (tráfego do trator, tráfego do trator e colhedora, tráfego de trator e colhedora e pulverizador e tráfego aleatório) e três configurações de sulcadores (disco duplo em todas as linhas de semeadora, disco duplo nas linhas sem tráfego e haste naquelas que recebem o tráfego e disco duplo nas linhas sem contato de pneu com ausência de sulcadores nas linhas de tráfego). Os gases analisados foram: material particulado (MP), monóxido de nitrogênio (NO), dióxido de nitrogênio (NO2), óxidos de nitrogênio (NOx), dióxido de carbono (CO2) e oxigênio (O). Conclui-se que o tráfego controlado de máquinas na maior intensidade comparado ao tráfego aleatório reduz 6,7% a emissão de gases particulados com disco duplo na semeadora e 30,3% quando as linhas trafegadas não são cultivadas. A tráfego controlado de máquinas, dependendo da configuração dos sulcadores da semeadora, reduz a emissão de óxidos de nitrogênio.   Palavras–chave: gás carbônico, combustível, poluição, combustão, agricultura   GASES EMISSION FROM AN AGRICULTURAL TRACTOR IN A SOWING OPERATION WITH TRAFFIC CONTROL  TRAFFIC IN DIFFERENT INTENSITIES   ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the emissions of pollutant gases from an agricultural tractor, pulled a seeder with different furrower configurations, in an area traffic intensity controlled area and random machines. The study was developed in an agricultural area located in the municipality of Carazinho, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experimental design was a 4 x 3 randomized block design, with four traffic situations (tractor traffic, tractor and harvester traffic, tractor and harvester traffic and sprayer and random traffic) and three furrow configurations (double disk in all rows, double disk in the lines without traffic and stem in those that receive the traffic and double disc in the lines without contact of tire with absence of furrowers in the traffic lines). The analyzed gases were: particulate matter (MP), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O). It was concluded that the controlled traffic with machines at the highest intensity compared to random traffic reduces the emission of particulate gases with double disc in the seeder and by 30.3% when the trafficked lines      were not cultivated.   Keywords: carbon dioxide, fuel, pollution, oxygen, combustion, agriculture  

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of canola hybrids cultivated in a low altitude region in Southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Fabiano Colet ◽  
Diego Nicolau Follmann ◽  
Astor Henrique Nied ◽  
Alessandro Dal'Col Lúcio ◽  
Thomas Newton Martin
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Santa Maria

The area occupied by crops has expanded in recent years in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and the search for alternative winter crops to integrate the productive system is relevant given the idleness of the areas at this time and the lower risk of frost losses that occur in most grain-producing regions. In this sense, the objective of this research was to evaluate the agronomic performance of eight canola hybrids (Hyola 61, Hyola 50, Hyola 433, Hyola 571CL, Hyola 575CL, Diamond, ALHT B4, and ALHT M6), cultivated in low altitude areas, in the Central region of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The experiment was conducted in 2017, in Santa Maria, RS, using a randomized block design with four replicates. Canola hybrids show variability regarding the morphological components and grain production. The environmental condition and low altitude of the region of Santa Maria do not compromise the productive potential of the canola crop, obtaining grain productivity superior to the state and national averages. Therefore, canola crop can be inserted in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul if adequate agronomic management is performed. The cultivars Hyola 50, Hyola 571CL, Hyola 433, Hyola 575CL, Diamond, and Hyola 61 present the highest grain productivity.

scholarly journals Adaptability and stability of white oat cultivars in relation to chemical composition of the caryopsis

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maraisa Crestani Hawerroth ◽  
Fernando Irajá Félix de Carvalho ◽  
Antonio Costa de Oliveira ◽  
José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva ◽  
Luiz Carlos Gutkoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Average Performance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Oat Cultivars

The objective of this work was to characterize the chemical properties of white oat (Avena sativa) caryopsis and to determine the adaptability and stability of cultivars recommended for cultivation in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The trials were carried out in the 2007, 2008 and 2009 crop seasons, in three municipalities: Augusto Pestana, Capão do Leão, and Passo Fundo. Fifteen cultivars were evaluated in a randomized block design, with four replicates. The contents of protein, lipid, and nitrogen-free extract were evaluated in the caryopsis. Cultivar performances for the measured characters varied according to location and year of cultivation. The cultivar URS Guapa showed high content of nitrogen-free extract and low contents of protein and lipid in the caryopsis. 'FAPA Louise' showed high content of lipid, whereas 'Albasul', 'UPF 15', and 'UPF 18' showed high content of protein and low content of nitrogen-free extract. There is no evidence of an ideal biotype for the evaluated characters, which could simultaneously show high average performance, adaptability to favorable and unfavorable environments, and stability.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Jenis Mikoriza Terhadap Pertumbuhan Beberapa Varietas Cabai (Capsicum annum L.) pada Tanah Incepticol Krueng Raya Aceh Besar

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Rahmat Fitra Yandi Nasution ◽  
Syamsuddin Syamsuddin ◽  
Syafruddin Syafruddin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Glomus Mosseae ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Experimental Garden ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis mikoriza, varietas dan interaksi jenis mikoriza dan varietas terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai pada tanah Incepticol. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Iesuum Krueng Raya Aceh Besar, Rumah Kaca dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh dari bulan Mei sampai September 2018. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial 3 x 2 dengan 3 ulangan. Faktor yang diamati dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis mikoriza dan varietas. Jenis mikoriza yang digunakan adalah Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora sp dan Campuran serta varietas yang digunakan adalah varietas Lado F1 dan Perintis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan jenis mikoriza berpengaruh nyata pada tinggi tanaman 30 dan 45 HSTdan jumlah cabang produktif. Jenis mikoriza terbaik terdapat pada jenis mikoriza campuran (Glomus mosseae dan Gigaspora sp). Pada varietas berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 15,30 dan 45 HST, diameter batang 30 dan 40 HST dan jumlah cabang produktif serta berpengaruh nyata pada diameter batang 45 HST. Jenis varietas terbaik terdapat pada varietas Lado. Interaksi antara jenis mikoriza dan jenis varietas berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman 30 HST dan jumlah cabang produktif serta berpengaruh nyata pada diameter batang 30 HST.Interaksi antara jenis mikoriza dan varietas terbaik tedapat pada jenis mikoriza campuran (Glomus mosseae dan Gigaspora sp) dengan varietas Lado F1.The Effect of Mycorrhizal Types on the Growth of Some Chili Varieties in Incepticol Soil Krueng Raya Aceh BesarAbstract. This research aims to determine the effect of type of mycorrhiza, varieties, and interactions of mycorrhiza and varieties types on the growth and yield of chili plants on the Inceptisol land. This research was carried out at the Krueng Raya Iesuum Experimental Garden in Aceh Besar, greenhouse and laboratory of plant physiology, Faculty of Agriculture of Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh from Mei to September 2018. The analysis of data used in this study was Randomized Block Design -Factorial 3x2 with 3 replications. The factors observed in this research were the type of mycorrhiza and varieties. Types of mycorrhiza used are Glomus mosseae, Gigaspora, and the combination. Varieties used are Lado F1 and Perintis. The result of this research showed that types of mycorrhiza take effect significantly on plant height 30 dan 45 DAP and productive branch numbers. The mixed of mycorrhiza gives the best result on growth and yield of chili plant. The varieties of chili plants highly significant take effect on plant height 15, 30 and 45 DAP, stem diameter 30 and 40 HST and productive branch numbers and significantly affect on stem diameter 45 DAP. Lado F1 gives the best result on growth and yield. The interactions of mycorrhiza and varieties type highly significant take effect on plant height 30 HST and productive branch number and significantly take effect on stem diameter 30 HST. The combination of mixed mycorrhiza and Lado F1 treatment gives the best result on growth and yield of chili plants. 

EFICIÊNCIA DE BIOESTIMULANTES E FUNGICIDA NOS CARACTERES AGRONÔMICOS E ECONÔMICOS NA CULTURA DO MILHO VERDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
RICARDO FRANCISCHINI ◽  
ALESSANDRO GUERRA DA SILVA ◽  
DAURI JOSÉ TESSMANN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Presence And Absence

 RESUMO - O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico e econômico na cultura do milho verde submetida ao uso de bioestimulantes na presença e ausência de fungicida. Dessa forma, dois experimentos foram conduzidos em anos distintos, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, em arranjo fatorial 4x2. O primeiro fator correspondeu à combinação de bioestimulantes (Ausência, MC Cream, MC Extra, MC Cream+MC Extra) e o segundo fator à presença e ausência de fungicida (piraclostrobina + epoxiconazole). Foi avaliado o peso de espigas verdes, a altura de plantas, diâmetro de colmo, teor de clorofila e severidade de doenças, além da viabilidade econômica dos tratamentos. Os Bioestimulantes, na ausência de fungicida, foram eficientes para aumentar o peso das espigas verdes, altura de plantas, e o teor de clorofila. Na presença do fungicida os bioestimulantes aumentaram o diâmetro de colmo e reduziram a severidade de doenças. Os investimentos em insumos elevaram os custos de produção, porém a rentabilidade foi compensada pelo aumento da renda bruta. Em situação de baixa disponibilidade hídrica, o bioestimulante MC Extra foi o mais viável economicamente para a cultura do milho verde.Palavras-chave: fitossanidade, produtividade, renda líquida, Zea mays L. EFFICIENCY OF BIOSTIMULANTS AND FUNGICIDE IN THE AGRONOMIC AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERS OF GREEN CORN  ABSTRACT – The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic and economic performance of the green corn crop, subjected to the use of biostimulants in the presence and absence of fungicide. Two experiments were conducted in different years using a randomized block design with three replications, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement. The first factor corresponded to the combination of biostimulants (Absence, MC Cream, MC Extra, MC Cream + MC Extra) and the second factor was the presence and absence of fungicide (pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole). Green ear weight, plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll content and severity of diseases were evaluated, as well as the economic viability of the treatments.In the absence of fungicide, biostimulants were efficient to increase the green ear weight, plant height, and chlorophyll content. In the presence of the fungicide, biostimulants increased stem diameter and reduced disease severity. Investments in inputs increased production costs, but profitability was offset by the increase in gross income. In a situation of low water availability, the biostimulant MC Extra was the most economically viable for the green maize crop.Keywords: plant health, productivity, net income, Zea mays L.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT SOURCES AND DOSES OF BORON IN THE CORN CROP

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Angela Oliveira Silva ◽  
Wilian Henrique Diniz Buso
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

One of the main problems faced in corn cultivation, especially in Cerrado regions, is the deficiency of micronutrients. Among the micronutrients essential for the development of plants, boron (B) stands out for participating in a series of physiological processes. Based on this, the present work aimed to evaluate the performance of corn under fertilization with different sources and doses of boron. The randomized block design in a 4x3 factorial scheme was used. Four boron doses (0, 1, 2, and 3 kg ha-1) and three nutrient sources (boric acid, borax, and ulexite), applied in topdressing, were evaluated. Plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), first ear insertion height (m), ear length (cm), ear diameter (mm), number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, 1000-grain weight (g), and grain yield (kg ha-1) were evaluated. It was concluded that the boron sources and doses used did not influence the results of plant height, first ear insertion height, number of rows per ear, and grain yield. The three doses evaluated provided increases in stem diameter, with a dose of 2.08 kg ha-1 being the one with the highest average. The application of borax and ulexite results in higher values of ear diameter, number of grains per row, and 1000-grain weight. The dose of 1.74 kg ha-1 of boron provides the highest 1000-grain weight.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Bokashi Ela Sagu Pada Berbagai Tingkat Kematangan Dan Pupuk SP-36 Terhadap Serapan P Dan Pertumbuhan Jagung (Zea mays L.) Pada Tanah Ultisol

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Ch Soplanit ◽  
Ruddi Soplanit
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Maturity Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Set Up

Fertilization efficiency which could enhance soil productivity is determined by type, application method and appropriate dose of fertilizers.  A green house experiment to study effect of different maturity level of ela  sago bokashi and some dosage of  SP-36 fertilizer on P-uptake and growth of maize (zea mays l.) on ultisols has been performed. The experiment was set up in three-replicates factorial Randomized Block Design. The treatments were  three maturity level of ela sago bokashi i.e. 2, 3 and 4 weeks; and four dosages of SP-36 fertilizer i.e. 0, 2, 4 and 6 g/10 kg of soil. The results showed that application of bokashi regardless of their maturity at the same time with each  doses of SP-36  increased P uptake, plant height and stem diameter of maize. Giving four-week ela sago bokashi with 6 gr/10 kg of soil of SP-36 was the best treatment to improve P uptake, plant height and stem diameter of corn crop up to  0.15%, 140, 60 cm and 1.64 mm respectively.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Kompos Limbah Kakao terhadap Kolonisasi Mikoriza, dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Kakao pada Ultisol

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-665
Author(s):  
Raina Muzlifa ◽  
Fikrinda Fikrinda ◽  
Yadi Jufri
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Glomus Sp

Abstrak. Ultisol merupakan salah satu tanah marginal yang memerlukan pengelolaan yang tepat untuk meningkatkan kesuburannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemberian Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) dan kompos limbah kakao terhadap kolonisasi FMA, dan pertumbuhan bibit kakao pada Ultisol. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis FMA yaitu tanpa FMA (F0), Glomus sp (F1), dan Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp. (F2). Faktor kedua adalah dosis kompos yaitu 0 ton.ha-1 (K0), 20 ton.ha-1 (K1), dan 30 ton.ha-1(K2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa FMA berpengaruh nyata terhadap kolonisasi mikoriza, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman  pada 30, 60, 90 HST, diameter batang pada 30, 60, 90 HST, dan luas daun pada 90 HST.  Pemberian kompos limbah kakao berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada 90 HST, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada 30 dan 60 HST, diameter batang pada 30, 60 90 HST, dan luas daun pada 90 HST.  Kombinasi FMA dan kompos limbah kakao berpengaruh nyata terhadap diameter batang pada 30 HST namun tidak berpengaruh  nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman pada 30, 60, 90 HST, diameter batang pada 60 dan 90 HST, dan luas daun pada 90 HST. Perlakuan FMA jenis Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp. dan kompos 20 g.pot-1 memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap kolonisasi mikoriza dan pertumbuhan tanaman. The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and compost of cocoa waste on myccorrhiza colonization, and the cocoa seedling growth on UltisolAbstract. Ultisol is one of marginal soils which requires proper management to increase its fertility. This study aims to determine the administration of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (FMA) and cocoa waste compost to FMA colonization, and the growth of cacao seedlings on Ultisols. This research used factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two treatment factors and three replications. The first factor is the type of FMA that is without FMA (F0), Glomus sp (F1), and Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp. (F2). The second factor is the compost dose which is 0 tons.ha-1 (K0), 20 tons.ha-1 (K1), and 30 tons.ha-1 (K2). The results showed that FMA significantly affected mycorrhizal colonization, but did not significantly affect plant height at 30, 60, 90 HST, stem diameter at 30, 60, 90 HST, and leaf area at 90 HST. Cocoa waste compost has a significant effect on plant height at 90 HST, but no significant effect on plant height at 30 and 60 HST, stem diameter at 30, 60 90 HST, and leaf area at 90 HST. The combination of AMF and compost of cocoa waste significantly affected the stem diameter at 30 HST but did not significantly affect the plant height at 30, 60, 90 HST, stem diameter at 60 and 90 HST, and leaf area at 90 HST. Treatment of FMA type Glomus sp. + Gigaspora sp. and compost 20 g.pot-1 provides the best effect on mycorrhizal colonization and plant growth.   

scholarly journals Response of Soil and Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) on the Application of Several Local Microorganism and Manures

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Sri Pujiastuti ◽  
Ferlist Rio Siahaan ◽  
Yanto Raya Tampubolon ◽  
Juli Ritha Tarigan ◽  
Susana Tabah Trina Sumihar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Insignificant Effect ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Goat Manure

Introduction: This research was conducted to determine the effect of several types of local microorganism solutions and manures on the growth and yield of peanut and their impact on the physical properties of ultisols. Materials and Methods: The researches was conducted in Simalingkar B, Medan using Factorial Randomized Block Design within three replications. The first factor was types of microbe sources of local microbial solutions, include un-treated waste (M0), pineapple (M1), orange (M2), and tamarillo (M3) wastes. The second factor was manure types, inluce un-treated manure (P0), chicken (P1), cow (P2), and goat (P3) manures. The parameters were: soil physical characteristics (bulk density, water content and total of pore space), plant height, stem diameter, number of pods, and dry seeds yield. Results: The types of local microorganism solutions only affect to plant height of peanut, but has insignificant effect on the physical properties of ultisols, and stem diameter, the number of filled pods.plant-1, and the dry seeds yield.ha-1 of peanut. The types of manure had significantly effected on plant height and number of filled pods.plant-1, but had insignificant effect on stem diameter, dry seeds yield.ha-1 and the physical properties of ultisols. The interaction of MOL sources and manure did not significantly affect the growth and yield of peanut as well as the physical properties of ultisols. Orange MOL and chicken manure could be increase the plant height of peanut by 18.61% and 6.75%, respectively, compared to un-treated. Goat manure showed the highest number of pods.plant-1 by 6.32% compared to un-treated.

scholarly journals DEMANDA ENERGÉTICA NA SEMEADURA DA SOJA COM DIFERENTES CONFIGURAÇÕES DE SULCADORES

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-515
Author(s):  
Marcelo Silveira de Farias ◽  
José Fernando Schlosser ◽  
Leonardo Casali ◽  
Mateus Cassol Cella ◽  
Alfran Tellechea Martini
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Drawbar Pull ◽  
Santa Maria

DEMANDA ENERGÉTICA NA SEMEADURA DA SOJA COM DIFERENTES CONFIGURAÇÕES DE SULCADORES   MARCELO SILVEIRA DE FARIAS1, JOSÉ FERNANDO SCHLOSSER2, LEONARDO CASALI2, MATEUS CASSOL CELLA3, ALFRAN TELLECHEA MARTINI4   1 Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus de Frederico Westphalen, Linha 7 de Setembro, s/n, BR 386, km 40, CEP 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, [email protected]. 2 Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima n°1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, [email protected]; [email protected]. 3 Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima n°1000, Bairro Camobi, CEP 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, [email protected]. 4 Coordenadoria Acadêmica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus de Cachoeira do Sul, Rua Ernesto Barros, n° 1345, Bairro Santo Antônio, CEP 96506-310, Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, [email protected].   RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a demanda energética requerida por uma semeadora-adubadora para plantio direto, com diferentes configurações de sulcadores na implantação da cultura da soja, em áreas de várzea. O experimento foi conduzido em duas áreas agrícolas, tipicamente cultivadas com arroz irrigado, localizadas na região Central do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos aleatorizados, em arranjo bifatorial, sendo avaliadas quatro configurações de sulcadores (haste sulcadora, haste sulcadora com sistema tapa-sulco, disco ondulado e disco duplo), em duas áreas de características distintas (área agrícola 1 e área agrícola 2). As variáveis estudadas foram: força na barra de tração, velocidade real de trabalho, patinamento das rodas motrizes do trator e consumo específico de combustível. Com base nas análises dos resultados obtidos neste estudo pode-se afirmar que, os mecanismos sulcadores influenciam na demanda energética do conjunto mecanizado, independentemente da área agrícola. O consumo específico de combustível com o uso de hastes sulcadoras quando comparado aos discos foi 0,7 vezes menor, para ambas as áreas.   Palavras-chave: mecanização agrícola, força de tração, consumo de combustível, eficiência.   ENERGY DEMAND OF IN SOYBEAN SOWING WITH DIFFERENT FURROWER CONFIGURATIONS   ABSTRACT: This research aimed to evaluate the energy demand required by a seeder-fertilizer for direct planting, with different configurations of furrowers in the implantation of soybean culture, in lowland areas. The experiment was conducted in two agricultural areas, typically cultivated with irrigated rice, located in the central region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. A randomized block design was used, in a bifactorial arrangement, and four furrow configurations (shank, shank with furrow-groove system, corrugated disc and double disc) were evaluated in two areas with different characteristics (agricultural area 1 and agricultural area 2). The variables studied were drawbar pull, real travel speed, the slippage of the driving wheels of the tractor and specific fuel consumption. Based on the analysis of the results obtained in this study, it can be said that the furrow mechanisms influence the energy demand of the mechanized set, regardless of the agricultural area. Specific fuel consumption with the use of shanks instead of disks was 0.7 times lower, for both areas.   Keywords: Agricultural mechanization, drawbar pull, fuel consumption, efficiency

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