scholarly journals Decreased arterial compliance assessed by aortic pulse wave velocity is an important parameter for monitoring of blood pressure in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 4036
Author(s):  
H. Yilmaz Ak ◽  
Y. Ozsahin ◽  
N. Baskurt Aladag ◽  
F. Gencoglu ◽  
B. Sahin Yildiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Arterial Blood

Aim. Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases (CID), such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) are more likely to have higher risk of cardiac events. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) can be used to measure the aortic dis-tensibility and it is known as inversely related to the arterial compliance. Increased aortic stiffness which is assessed by PWV, is seem to be associated with arterial blood pressure. In this study, we investigated the arterial compliance by PWV in patients with CID including RA and FMF.Material and methods. We studied 25 patients with RA, 33 patients with FMF and 31 healthy subjects without a history of any cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia (89 subjects in total). We measured the arterial compliance by automatic carotid-femoral (aortic) PWV using Complior Colson (France) device. PWV (m/s) = distance (m)/transit time(s).Results. It is seen that, patients with CID have higher carotid-femoral (aortic) PWV (8,76±2,09 vs 8,07±0,94 m/s) compared to control groups (p=0,03). There were significant correlations between PWV and age, body-mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure. (p<0,001, r=0,65; p<0,001, r=0,36; p<0,001, r=0,42; p<0,001, r=0,46; p<0,001, r=0,48, respectively).Conclusion. Arterial compliance, which is assessed by carotid-femoral (aortic) PWV, is decreased in patients with CID such as RA and FMF when it is compared to healthy control group.

scholarly journals Spironolactone Reduces Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Resistant Hypertension Independent of Blood Pressure Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep R. Aryal ◽  
Mohammed Siddiqui ◽  
Oleg F. Sharifov ◽  
Megan D. Coffin ◽  
Bin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Resistant Hypertension ◽  
Aortic Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Stiffness Reduction ◽  
Arterial Blood

Background Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in patients with arterial hypertension. Resistant hypertension is often linked to hyperaldosteronism and associated with adverse outcomes. Spironolactone, a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, has been shown to reduce both the arterial blood pressure (BP) and aortic stiffness in resistant hypertension. However, the mechanism of aortic stiffness reduction by spironolactone is not well understood. We hypothesized that spironolactone reduces aortic stiffness in resistant hypertension independently of BP change. Methods and Results Patients with uncontrolled BP (≥140/90 mm Hg) despite use of ≥3 antihypertensive medications (including diuretics) were prospectively recruited. Participants were started on spironolactone at 25 mg/d, and increased to 50 mg/d at 4 weeks while other antihypertensive medications were withdrawn to maintain constant mean BP. Phase‐contrast cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of the ascending aorta was performed in 30 participants at baseline and after 6 months of spironolactone treatment to measure aortic pulsatility, distensibility, and pulse wave velocity. Pulse wave velocity decreased (6.3±2.3 m/s to 4.5±1.8 m/s, P <0.001) and pulsatility and distensibility increased (15.9%±5.3% to 22.1%±7.9%, P <0.001; and 0.28%±0.10%/mm Hg to 0.40%±0.14%/mm Hg, P <0.001, respectively) following 6 months of spironolactone. Conclusions Our results suggest that spironolactone improves aortic properties in resistant hypertension independently of BP, which may support the hypothesis of an effect of aldosterone on the arterial wall. A larger prospective study is needed to confirm our findings.

scholarly journals Variation in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation pressure and augmentation index during different phases of menstrual cycle

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nudrath Kahkashan ◽  
Mehnaaz Sameera Arifuddin ◽  
Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari ◽  
Safia Sultana ◽  
Farah Fatima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Augmentation Pressure

Physiological variation of estrogen and progesterone during menstrual cycle is well known. They not only have an effect on blood pressure control, but also seem to have a role in regulating arterial compliance. This study was done to find out whether there are any changes in central arterial parameters during different phases of menstrual cycle. Thirty female subjects in the age group of 18-22 years with normal, regular menstrual cycles participated in this prospective observational study at our teaching hospital. Anthropometric parameters were recorded. Blood pressure in all 4 limbs was recorded using cardiovascular risk analyzer-Periscope™ on Day 3rd to 5th (follicular phase), Day 12th to 14th (ovulation phase), Day 22nd to 24th (luteal phase) of their menstrual cycle. We collected blood samples during these three phases for estimation of estradiol and progesterone by ELISA technique. Analysis of variance and correlation statistics were done using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. No significant statistical changes were observed in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, aortic systolic pressure, aortic diastolic pressure, aortic augmentation pressure, aortic index and pulse wave velocity during the three recorded phases of the menstrual cycle. There are many studies which correlate changes in peripheral artery blood pressure with different phases of menstrual cycle. But there is scarcity in data available which correlates central arterial pressures and arterial stiffness with natural hormonal variations in different phases of menstrual cycle. However, our results show that although there are subtle changes in blood pressure parameters along with estrogen and progesterone levels throughout the menstrual cycle, yet these were not statistically significant.

Evaluation of arterial stiffness and central blood pressure by oscillometric method in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Cansu Sivrikaya Yildirim ◽  
Pelin Kosger ◽  
Tugcem Akin ◽  
Birsen Ucar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Pulse Wave Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Wave Analysis

Abstract Children with a family history of hypertension have higher blood pressure and hypertensive pathophysiological changes begin before clinical findings. Here, the presence of arterial stiffness was investigated using central blood pressure measurement and pulse wave analysis in normotensive children with at least one parent with essential hypertension. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory pulse wave analysis monitoring was performed by oscillometric method in a study group of 112 normotensive children of hypertensive parents aged between 7 and 18 comparing with a control group of 101 age- and gender-matched normotensive children of normotensive parents. Pulse wave velocity, central systolic and diastolic blood pressure, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure values were higher in the study group than the control group (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, p = 0.008, p = 0.001, p = 0.005, p = 0.001, p = 0.001, respectively). In all age groups (7–10, 11–14, and 15–18 years), pulse wave velocity was higher in the study group than the control group (p < 0.001). Pulse wave velocity was higher in children whose both parents are hypertensive compared to the children whose only mothers are hypertensive (p = 0.011). Pulse wave velocity values were positively correlated with age, weight, height, and body mass index (p < 0.05). Higher pulse wave velocity, central systolic and diastolic blood pressure values detected in the study group can be considered as early signs of hypertensive vascular changes. Pulse wave analysis can be a reliable, non-invasive, and reproducible method that can allow taking necessary precautions regarding lifestyle to prevent disease and target organ damage by detecting early hypertensive changes in genetically risky children.

Aortic Distensibility in Patients with Cerebrovascular Disease

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Lehmann ◽  
K. D. Hopkins ◽  
R. L. Jones ◽  
A. G. Rudd ◽  
R. G. Gosling
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Aortic Distensibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aortic Compliance ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Control Subjects

1. Non-invasive aortic compliance measurements have been used previously to assess the distensibility of the aorta in several pathological conditions associated with increased cardiovascular risk. We set out to establish whether aortic compliance is abnormal in patients with stroke. 2. Pulse wave velocity measurements of thoracoabdominal aortic compliance were made in 20 stroke patients and 25 age- and sex-matched hospitalized, non-stroke control subjects putatively free of cardiovascular disease. Since compliance varies with non-chronic changes in blood pressure, a blood pressure corrected index of aortic distensibility, Cp, was calculated. 3. Aortic compliance was significantly reduced in patients with stroke compared with non-stroke control subjects (0.46 ± 0.27 versus 0.86 ± 0.34%/10 mmHg, P < 0.0002), corresponding with higher values for pulse wave velocity. Stroke patients also had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures (P < 0.02 and P < 0.002 respectively) and total cholesterol levels (P < 0.004) than the control subjects. Calculation of Cp did not alter the observation of stiffer aortas in the stroke cohort (P < 0.0007). 4. In both stroke patient and control cohorts, as expected, inverse trends were observed between aortic compliance and blood pressure. Also as expected, in the control group Cp values did not show a relationship with blood pressure (r = 0.02, P = 0.092, not significant). However, in the stroke cohort a marked dependence of Cp on blood pressure was observed (r = −0.48, P = 0.03). 5. Transoesophageal echocardiographic studies have recently identified advanced atherosclerosis in the ascending aorta as a possible source of cerebral emboli and an independent risk factor for ischaemic stroke. Our observations of significantly stiffer thoracoabdominal aortas in patients with stroke lead us to hypothesize that a totally non-invasive assessment of aortic compliance may potentially prove a useful surrogate marker of such atherosclerotic risk. 6. Blood pressure-corrected indices of arterial elastic properties based on normotensive models are widely applied in the literature. Our observation that these indices exhibit a considerable blood pressure dependence leads us to urge caution in the use of such corrections, especially in hypertensive patients.

scholarly journals Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity Calculated from Age and Mean Arterial Blood Pressure

Pulse ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara V. Greve ◽  
Stephan Laurent ◽  
Michael H. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals E-cigarettes and cigarettes worsen peripheral and central hemodynamics as well as arterial stiffness: A randomized, double-blinded pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaas Frederik Franzen ◽  
Johannes Willig ◽  
Silja Cayo Talavera ◽  
Moritz Meusel ◽  
Friedhelm Sayk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks

The introduction of electronic cigarettes has led to widespread discussion on the cardiovascular risks compared to conventional smoking. We therefore conducted a randomized cross-over study of the acute use of three tobacco products, including a control group using a nicotine-free liquid. Fifteen active smokers were studied during and after smoking either a cigarette or an electronic cigarette with or without nicotine (eGo-T CE4 vaporizer). Subjects were blinded to the nicotine content of the electronic cigarette and were followed up for 2 hours after smoking a cigarette or vaping an electronic cigarette. Peripheral and central blood pressures as well as parameters of arterial stiffness were measured by a Mobil-O-Graph® device. The peripheral systolic blood pressure rose significantly for approximately 45 minutes after vaping nicotine-containing liquid ( p<0.05) and for approximately 15 minutes after smoking a conventional cigarette ( p<0.01), whereas nicotine-free liquids did not lead to significant changes during the first hour of follow-up. Likewise, heart rate remained elevated approximately 45 minutes after vaping an electronic cigarette with nicotine-containing liquid and over the first 30 minutes after smoking a cigarette in contrast to controls. Elevation of pulse wave velocity was independent from mean arterial pressure as well as heart rate in the electronic cigarette and cigarette groups. In this first of its kind trial, we observed changes in peripheral and central blood pressure and also in pulse wave velocity after smoking a cigarette as well as after vaping a nicotine-containing electronic cigarette. These findings may be associated with an increased long-term cardiovascular risk.

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