Foliar Application of Humic Acid and Some Exo-and Endophytic Growth Hormones on Yield, Yield Components and Fatty Acid Composition in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under Drought Stress

Castor bean is considered as an important non-edible oilseed crop and source of castor oil, which has many applications ranging from cosmetics to the biofuels industry. Humic acid (HA) results from organic matter decomposition and is beneficial to plant growth and development. In the present study, a two-year experiment was conducted in Damghan, Iran, to study the physiological responses of castor bean to foliar application of zinc nano-chelate (Zn-nano) and HA under drought stress. The drought stress was used as the main treatment in three levels: normal irrigation as control, irrigation up to 75 BBCH scale (Biologische Bundesantalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) (mild stress), and irrigation up to 65 BBCH (severe stress). Foliar application of HA in three levels (non-application, application of the recommended rate and two times more than the recommended rate), as well as Zn-nano fertilizer in two levels (application at 1.5 part per thousand (ppt) and non-application) as subplots. The drought stress, HA, and Zn-nano fertilizer could significantly affect the number of capsules, the number of seeds, 100-seed weight, seed yield, oil yield, protein percentage and yield, activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD), and chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), and total chlorophyll (total Chl) contents. In addition, severe drought stress resulted in reducing the number of capsules (33.9%), the number of seeds (32.7%), 100-grain weight (16.0%), as well as seed (43.0%), oil (59.3%), and protein (29.9%) yield. Based on the results, the highest yield components, oil and protein contents, and photosynthetic pigments were achieved in the foliar application of HA (recommended rate) and Zn-nano fertilizers under normal irrigation during the second year. Further, the foliar application of Zn-nano fertilizer led to a decrease in the activities of CAT, SOD, and POD enzymes. According to partial regression analysis, the recommended rate of HA application the changed the nature of relationships governing the characteristics, especially under drought stress conditions. Finally, the foliar application of HA (recommended rate) and Zn-nano fertilizers could create an excellent resistance to drought stress in castor under dry and semi-arid climate conditions by improving yield and yield components and physiological traits.

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Genotype and plant density effects on oil content and fatty acid composition of safflower

African Crop Science Journal ◽

10.4314/acsj.v28i1.7s ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (s1) ◽

pp. 83-101

Author(s):

O.G. Moatshe ◽

V.E. Emongor ◽

T.V. Balole ◽

S.O. Tshwenyane

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Oil Content ◽

Plant Density ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Linoleic Acid Content ◽

Oilseed Crop ◽

High Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽

Plant Densities

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a multipurpose oilseed crop that is tolerant to drought, saline, heat and cold conditions; and yields high quality edible seed oil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant density and genotypes on oil content and fatty acid composition of safflower. A field experiment was conducted in the years 2015 and 2016, during winter and summer seasons. Treatments included five safflower genotypes and six plant densities. Genotype and plant density significantly interacted (P < 0.05) to influence oil content and fatty acid composition of safflower. Increasing plant density from 62,500 to 100,000 plants ha-1 significantly (P < 0.05) increased the oil concentration from 16 to 54%, depending on the interaction between genotype and plant density and genotype by environment (winter and summer seasons). However, as plant density increased from 100,000 to 200,000 plants ha-1, safflower oil content significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in all genotypes. The lowest and highest oil contents was produced by genotype ‘Gila’ planted at density 62,500 or 200,000; and ‘Sina’, ‘Pi 537 636’ at 100 000 or 125, 000 plants ha-1 in winter or summer, respectively. Fatty acid composition was significantly influenced by genotype and plant density interactions during the two growing seasons. The main fatty acids identified included linoleic, oleic, stearic and palmatic. There was a significant (P < 0.05) increase in linoleic acid content and a decrease in oleic, palmatic and stearic as plant density increased from 62,500 to 100,000 plants ha-1, depending on genotype or growing season. Genotype ‘Sina’ at 100,000 plants ha-1 produced the highest oil content and with high unsaturated fatty acid concentrations.

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Effects of autumn and spring sowing on yield, oil content and fatty acid composition of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars in Shirvan region

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1282684 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

Author(s):

M Ghorbanzadeh Neghab ◽

AR Dadkhah ◽

AM Asaadi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Oil Content ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius ◽

Spring Sowing

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Influence of Seed Priming on Seed Yield, Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Grown Under Water Deficit

International Journal of Plant Production ◽

10.1007/s42106-019-00081-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 245-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gholam Abbas Akbari ◽

Siavash Heshmati ◽

Elias Soltani ◽

Majid Amini Dehaghi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Oil Content ◽

Seed Priming ◽

Carthamus Tinctorius

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Efficacy of Ridomil MZ and protectant fungicides to control white rust (Albugo candida) and their effect on seed yield, oil content and fatty acid composition in mustard

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea99092 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 40 (5) ◽

pp. 699 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ravjit K. Khangura ◽

S. S. Sokhi

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Oil Content ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Aqueous Suspension ◽

Albugo Candida ◽

White Rust ◽

Geographical Locations

Ridomil MZ alone or Ridomil MZ followed by protectant fungicides was tested to manage white rust (Albugo candida) (Pers. ex Lev.) Kuntze on Brassica juncea L. var. RL-1359, sown at the normal time in 1989–90 and 1990–91 and under delayed sown conditions in 1990–91 at 2 different geographical locations of the Punjab state. Two spray applications of aqueous suspension of Ridomil MZ at 450 g a.i./ha or 1 foliar application of Ridomil MZ at 450 g a.i./ha, followed by another spray of Dithane M-45 at 600 g a.i./ha or Blitox-50 at 375 g a.i./ha at 15- or 20-day interval to a 70-day-old crop significantly reduced both foliage and floral infections. These treatments significantly increased the seed yield over control and other treatment combinations, without having an adverse affect on the oil content and fatty acid composition of the oil. The same fungicide regime was effective to control white rust when applied to a 50- or 60-day-old crop under delayed sown conditions. The seeds harvested from the plots treated twice with Ridomil MZ exhibited no detectable residue of metalaxyl and mancozeb. The timing of application of these fungicides may be critical in the control of white rust, particularly in the late sown crop.

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The Effect of Climate, Nitrogen and Micronutrients Application on Oiliness and Fatty Acid Composition of Sunflower Achenes

Helia ◽

10.1515/helia-2015-0002 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 38 (63) ◽

pp. 221-239

Author(s):

L. Hlisnikovský ◽

E. Kunzová ◽

M. Hejcman ◽

P. Škarpa ◽

H. Zukalová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Lack Of Information ◽

Oil Plant ◽

The Difference

AbstractEven though the sunflower is the second most widespread oil plant in the Czech Republic, there is a lack of information about the effects of climate, nitrogen and micronutrients application on sunflower oiliness and fatty acid composition of sunflower achenes. To obtain such information, we established five year experiment (2008–2012) to study the effect of climate, nitrogen (C-control, N 60–60 kg N ha−1, N 90–90 kg N ha−1, N 120–120 kg N ha−1) and of foliar application of boron (N 90 + B), zinc (N 90 + Zn) and molybdenum (N 90 + Mo) on sunflower oiliness and composition of fatty acids (palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids). According to our results, oiliness and fatty acid composition was significantly influenced by climate and fertilizer treatment. Oiliness was influenced mainly by climate (96.4%), the effect of fertilizer treatment was minor (2.5%). Within the frame of climate, the effect of precipitation was slightly higher than of temperature. A strong and negative relationship between the dose of nitrogen and oiliness was revealed (r = –0.79), the difference between C and N 120 treatment was 2.1% on behalf of C treatment. The highest oiliness was recorded in 2011 (50.72%) and in C treatment (48.48%). The fatty acid composition was not significantly influenced by fertilizer treatment, but was significantly influenced by the climate conditions of the year. Application of micronutrients was not connected with any significant increase in oiliness or in the fatty acid composition due to a high initial content of those micronutrients in top soil.

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