scholarly journals How Do We Understand Children’s Restlessness? A Critique of the Biopsychosocial Model and ADHD as the Dominating Perspective in Current Understanding and Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Helle-Valle
Keyword(s):  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Active Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Historical Ontology ◽  
Biopsychosocial Approach ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Better Than

How is children’s restlessness understood and handled by surrounding adults? Two approaches are outlined in this article: one is the biomedical and later the biopsychosocial model, the other is a tradition that can be traced back to Foucault’s concept of historical ontology. The biopsychosocial model and ADHD is currently the dominating perspective when it comes to describing, understanding and treating restlessness in children. In this tradition, a focus on pathology and biology places the root of the problem within the child and positions the surrounding adults as neutral observers and helpers. By contrast, historical ontology opens up to questions about the neutrality and validity of a biopsychosocial approach by pointing to our active role as subjects in creating ideas of truth about children, in judging their behaviour and in “helping” them. Rather than claiming that one approach is better than the other, it can be useful to regard the two traditions as providing different levels of analysis and be aware of the possibilities and limitations pertaining to these.

Distinction between Dolus and Culpa with reference to Arson in Zakon Sudnyj LJudem, the Vinodol Law and the Statute of Senj

De Jure ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Haman ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
The Third ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Better Than

The difference between intent (dolus) and negligence (culpa) was rarely emphasized in codified medieval laws and regulations. When compared to the legal statements related to intent, negligence was mentioned even more rarely. However, there are some laws that distinguished between the two concepts in terms of some specific crimes, such as arson. This paper draws attention to three medieval Slavic legal documents – the Zakon Sudnyj LJudem (ZSLJ), the Vinodol Law and the Statute of Senj. They are compared with reference to regulations regarding arson, with the focus being on arson as a crime committed intentionally or out of negligence. The ZSLJ as the oldest known Slavic law in the world shows some similarities with other medieval Slavic legal codes, especially in the field of criminal law, since most of the ZSLJ’s articles are related to criminal law. On the other hand, the Vinodol Law is the oldest preserved Croatian law and it is among the oldest Slavic codes in the world. It was written in 1288 in the Croatian Glagolitic script and in the Croatian Chakavian dialect. The third document – the Statute of Senj – regulated legal matters in the Croatian littoral town of Senj. It was written in 1388 – exactly a century after the Vinodol Law was proclaimed. When comparing the Vinodol Law and the Statute of Senj with the Zakon Sudnyj LJudem, there are clear differences and similarities, particularly in the field of criminal law. Within the framework of criminal offenses, the act of arson is important for making a distinction between intent and negligence. While the ZSLJ regulates different levels of guilt, the Vinodol Law makes no difference between dolus and culpa. On the other hand, the Statute of Senj strictly refers to negligence as a punishable crime. Even though the ZSLJ is almost half a millennium older than the Statute of Senj and around 400 years older than the Vinodol Law, this paper proves that the ZSLJ defines the guilt and the punishment for arson much better than the other two laws.

scholarly journals Three strategies for bridging different levels of analysis and embracing the biopsychosocial model.

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 597-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Suls ◽  
David S. Krantz ◽  
Geoffrey C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Different Levels

How to adopt the biopsychosocial model

2020 ◽  
pp. 363-380
Author(s):  
Rebecca Roache
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Biopsychosocial Approach ◽  
Social Explanations ◽  
Social Causes

This chapter focuses on how the biopsychosocial psychiatrist can most appropriately take account of the fact that mental illness has biological, psychological, and social aspects. Commitment to the biopsychosocial model should not involve an a priori acceptance of the view that mental illness always has biological, psychological, and social causes. Adopting the biopsychosocial model should involve recognizing that the understanding of any given mental illness may best be advanced by considering explanations at each of the biological, psychological, and social levels. Often, explanation at one of these levels may be more elucidating than explanations at the other levels, but considering all of them combined is likely to maximize one's understanding. Psychological and social explanations are not eliminable in favour of biological ones, largely because of the way that mental illnesses are conceived and diagnosed. Moreover, commitment to a biopsychosocial approach should not involve commitment to the view that treatment of mental illness should always involve interventions at every level. Which treatment is most effective in any given case—that is, whether a biological, a psychological, or a social approach—can best be decided empirically.

Comparison and Analysis of the Competitiveness of Two Groups of World Outstanding Male Professional Golfer

2011 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 210-215
Author(s):  
Zhi Yong Huang ◽  
Lie Bao Han ◽  
Gui Yan
Keyword(s):  
Comparison Group ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
World Ranking ◽  
Level Group ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Better Than

In this article, the top 15 golfers are chosen for the top-level group and another 15 golfers ranking from 56 to 70 are chosen for the comparison group, according to the world ranking of PGA TOUR. The two groups are the main objects of study. This research aims to better understand the difference of competitiveness of the two groups, using mathematics statistics and comparative studies. First, average driving distance, driving accuracy percentage, greens in regulation percentage, putting average, birdie average, sand save percentage, scoring average, putts per round and par breakers are analyzed through principal component analysis. The result shows that they all can reveal the competitiveness of the golfers and they can also be used for analyzing the competitiveness of other golfers of different levels. Then, the competitiveness of the golfers in the top-level group is compared with that of the golfers in the comparison group. And the result shows that average driving distance、birdie average、scoring average and par breakers of golfers in the top-level group are much better than those of the golfers in the comparison group where Wenchong Liang belongs, but there is no obvious difference of the other 5 aspects.

Comrades Do Not Always Agree: How to Promote Cooperation between the Followers of Marx and Sraffa?

2021 ◽  
pp. 048661342199255
Author(s):  
Tiago Camarinha Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Jel Classification ◽  
Political Economics ◽  
Marxist Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Teaching Of Economics ◽  
Different Levels

In this note I propose two different levels of analysis for organizing the conversation around the Sraffa/Marx polemic. First, the “pragmatic approach” takes into account the immediate circumstances prevailing in the teaching of economics. In particular, we must understand that there is a systematic denial of Marxism in most economic departments, which are dominated by the mainstream neoclassical school, Keynesian thought, and various minor heterodox currents. Second, the “in-depth approach” leaves aside these circumstances and investigates the frontiers of socialist and radical political economics regardless of how well versed in Marxist theory a typical economist may be. Both levels are necessary, but we need to distinguish clearly so that we know when it is most useful to focus on one or the other. JEL Classification: B24, B51

scholarly journals Developing the Tara Hills farm in today's world: the risks and returns

1994 ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. Allan ◽  
D.B. Foran
Keyword(s):  
Economic Model ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Hill Country ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Dynamic Economic Model ◽  
Better Than

The economics of the development transition from an average high country enterprise dependent to various extents on hay, to an all-grass wintering enterprise (involving further development of hill country) such as that at Tara Hills, was investigated with the assistance of the dynamic economic model RANGEPACK HerdEcon. Transitional options ranged from 'do nothing' through 18 development scenarios that included factorial combinations of the following variables: three different levels of hay-making costs ($30 000, $60 000 and $90 000 per year) for the average enterprise; failures in oversowing establishment (0, 1 or 2 years out of 5); and either maintaining or increasing by 13% stock numbers subsequent to development. Each transitional option was evaluated over a 20-year period involving real climate effects. Shifting from the $90 000 hay enterprise, and incurring zero establishment failures, allowed an economic position better than 'do nothing' to be achieved in 8-9 years. Where the average high country enterprise was less dependent on hay ($60 000 and $30 000 hay operations) the period required to achieve a cash posltlon htterthan-'do-nothing'- took longer (12 to 20 years respectively). The economic leverage gained from the original enterprise with high hay costs compared to those with lower hay costs was far more influential than the other variables tested establishment failures, climate and stocking rate). Keywords: climate variability, dynamic modelling, economics, high country, pasture systems, transition

scholarly journals Constellations, Polysemy, and Hindi -ko

2002 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Shravan Vasishth ◽  
Brian Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Structural Differentiation ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Phonemic Level ◽  
Different Levels

Much of linguistic analysis rests on a single key question: given entities X and Y as objects for analysis, are they the same or different? This issue pervades all components of grammar: phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax, etc. Moreover, in addressing this issue, one often needs to recognize the relevance of different levels of analysis, especially underlying versus surface, since underlying sameness can be surface difference, and vice versa. For example, phonemic analysis takes phones with decidedly different phonetic realizations (e.g. aspirated vs. unaspirated stops in English) and treats them as the same at the phonemic level if their distribution does not overlap. But at the same time, segments that seem to be the same phonetically on the surface and even phonemically as well, e.g. the [d] of recede and the [d] of invade, might need to be treated as different from a morphophonemic standpoint, since, in this example, the former alternates with [s] in the related noun recession whereas the latter alternates with [z] in invasion, both nominal formations having ostensibly the same suffix. In syntax, too, patterns that are alike on the surface, such as control constructions and raising constructions, can show some unlike properties that lead, in most current theoretical frameworks at least, to structural differentiation in some way, e.g., in underlying structure. An answer to the above key question regarding sameness often involves a recognition of differences too. Thus, the issue becomes one of measuring similarities and differences against one another and weighing the relative importance of one or the other, as well as deciding how to represent the sameness or difference that one ends up positing.

Closing the GAP—A 5Å Scanning Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
A. V. Crewe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Conventional Microscope ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Closing The Gap ◽  
Thermal Sources ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Transmission Microscope

We have become accustomed to differentiating between the scanning microscope and the conventional transmission microscope according to the resolving power which the two instruments offer. The conventional microscope is capable of a point resolution of a few angstroms and line resolutions of periodic objects of about 1Å. On the other hand, the scanning microscope, in its normal form, is not ordinarily capable of a point resolution better than 100Å. Upon examining reasons for the 100Å limitation, it becomes clear that this is based more on tradition than reason, and in particular, it is a condition imposed upon the microscope by adherence to thermal sources of electrons.

MUNDANE MIRACLES IN AWADH. ENCOUNTERS WITH THE REVEALED AND THE HIDDEN

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-140
Author(s):  
Maxim B. Demchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Local People ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Mughal Empire ◽  
The Public ◽  
British Raj ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Other World ◽  
Better Than

The sphere of the unknown, supernatural and miraculous is one of the most popular subjects for everyday discussions in Ayodhya – the last of the provinces of the Mughal Empire, which entered the British Raj in 1859, and in the distant past – the space of many legendary and mythological events. Mostly they concern encounters with inhabitants of the “other world” – spirits, ghosts, jinns as well as miraculous healings following magic rituals or meetings with the so-called saints of different religions (Hindu sadhus, Sufi dervishes),with incomprehensible and frightening natural phenomena. According to the author’s observations ideas of the unknown in Avadh are codified and structured in Avadh better than in other parts of India. Local people can clearly define if they witness a bhut or a jinn and whether the disease is caused by some witchcraft or other reasons. Perhaps that is due to the presence in the holy town of a persistent tradition of katha, the public presentation of plots from the Ramayana epic in both the narrative and poetic as well as performative forms. But are the events and phenomena in question a miracle for the Avadhvasis, residents of Ayodhya and its environs, or are they so commonplace that they do not surprise or fascinate? That exactly is the subject of the essay, written on the basis of materials collected by the author in Ayodhya during the period of 2010 – 2019. The author would like to express his appreciation to Mr. Alok Sharma (Faizabad) for his advice and cooperation.

Temperature Effects during Endodormancy Induction on Subsequent Anthesis and Growth of Peach Trees

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 452c-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Schuyler D. Seeley ◽  
Raymundo Rojas-Martinez ◽  
James Frisby
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nighttime Temperatures ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Better Than

Mature peach trees in pots were treated with nighttime temperatures of –3, 6, 12, and 18 °C for 16 h and a daytime temperature of 20 °C for 8 h until the leaves abscised in the colder treatments. The trees were then chilled at 6 °C for 40 to 70 days. Trees were removed from chilling at 40, 50, 60, and 70 days and placed in a 20 °C greenhouse under increasing daylength, spring conditions. Anthesis was faster and shoot length increased with longer chilling treatments. Trees exposed to –3 °C pretreatment flowered and grew best with 40 days of chilling. However, they did not flower faster or grow better than the other treatments with longer chilling times. There was no difference in flowering or growth between the 6 and 12 °C pretreatments. The 18 °C pretreatment resulted in slower flowering and very little growth after 40 and 50 days of chilling, but growth was comparable to other treatments after 70 days of chilling.

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