scholarly journals Strength and muscle activity of shoulder external rotation of subjects with and without scapular dyskinesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Uga ◽  
Rie Nakazawa ◽  
Masaaki Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Scapular Dyskinesis ◽  
Shoulder External Rotation

scholarly journals Selective Activation of the Infraspinatus Muscle

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Min Ha ◽  
Oh-Yun Kwon ◽  
Heon-Seock Cynn ◽  
Won-Hwee Lee ◽  
Su-Jung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Trapezius Muscle ◽  
Deltoid Muscle ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bonferroni Adjustment ◽  
Infraspinatus Muscle ◽  
Shoulder External Rotation

Context: To improve selective infraspinatus muscle strength and endurance, researchers have recommended selective shoulder external-rotation exercise during rehabilitation or athletic conditioning programs. Although selective strengthening of the infraspinatus muscle is recommended for therapy and training, limited information is available to help clinicians design a selective strengthening program. Objective: To determine the most effective of 4 shoulder external-rotation exercises for selectively stimulating infraspinatus muscle activity while minimizing the use of the middle trapezius and posterior deltoid muscles. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: University research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 30 healthy participants (24 men, 6 women; age = 22.6 ± 1.7 years, height = 176.2 ± 4.5 cm, mass = 65.6 ± 7.4 kg) from a university population. Intervention(s): The participants were instructed to perform 4 exercises: (1) prone horizontal abduction with external rotation (PER), (2) side-lying wiper exercise (SWE), (3) side-lying external rotation (SER), and (4) standing external-rotation exercise (STER). Main Outcome Measure(s): Surface electromyography signals were recorded from the infraspinatus, middle trapezius, and posterior deltoid muscles. Differences among the exercise positions were tested using a 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance with Bonferroni adjustment. Results: The infraspinatus muscle activity was greater in the SWE (55.98% ± 18.79%) than in the PER (46.14% ± 15.65%), SER (43.38% ± 22.26%), and STER (26.11% ± 15.00%) (F3,87 = 19.97, P < .001). Furthermore, the SWE elicited the least amount of activity in the middle trapezius muscle (F3,87 = 20.15, P < .001). Posterior deltoid muscle activity was similar in the SWE and SER but less than that measured in the PER and STER (F3,87 = 25.10, P < .001). Conclusions: The SWE was superior to the PER, SER, and STER in maximizing infraspinatus activity with the least amount of middle trapezius and posterior deltoid activity. These findings may help clinicians design effective exercise programs.

Nerve graft versus nerve transfer for neonatal brachial plexus: shoulder outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Brandon W. Smith ◽  
Kate W. C. Chang ◽  
Sravanthi Koduri ◽  
Lynda J. S. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Shoulder Function ◽  
Nerve Transfers ◽  
Shoulder Flexion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Transfer Strategies ◽  
Shoulder External Rotation

OBJECTIVEThe decision-making in neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) treatment continues to have many areas in need of clarification. Graft repair was the gold standard until the introduction of nerve transfer strategies. Currently, there is conflicting evidence regarding outcomes in patients with nerve grafts versus nerve transfers in relation to shoulder function. The objective of this study was to further define the outcomes for reconstruction strategies in NBPP with a specific focus on the shoulder.METHODSA cohort of patients with NBPP and surgical repairs from a single center were reviewed. Demographic and standard clinical data, including imaging and electrodiagnostics, were gathered from a clinical database. Clinical data from physical therapy evaluations, including active and passive range of motion, were examined. Statistical analysis was performed on the available data.RESULTSForty-five patients met the inclusion criteria for this study, 19 with graft repair and 26 with nerve transfers. There were no significant differences in demographics between the two groups. Understandably, there were no patients in the nerve grafting group with preganglionic lesions, resulting in a difference in lesion type between the cohorts. There were no differences in preoperative shoulder function between the cohorts. Both groups reached statistically significant improvements in shoulder flexion and shoulder abduction. The nerve transfer group experienced a significant improvement in shoulder external rotation, from −78° to −28° (p = 0.0001), whereas a significant difference was not reached in the graft group. When compared between groups, there appeared to be a trend favoring nerve transfer in shoulder external rotation, with the graft patients improving by 17° and the transfer patients improving by 49° (p = 0.07).CONCLUSIONSIn NBPP, patients with shoulder weakness experience statistically significant improvements in shoulder flexion and abduction after graft repair or nerve transfer, and patients with nerve transfers additionally experience significant improvement in external rotation. With regard to shoulder external rotation, there appear to be some data supporting the use of nerve transfers.

Nerve Transfer Is Superior to Nerve Grafting for Suprascapular Nerve Reconstruction in Obstetrical Brachial Plexus Birth Injury: A Meta-Analysis

Hand ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 155894472110306
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Nickel ◽  
Alexander Morzycki ◽  
Ralph Hsiao ◽  
Michael J. Morhart ◽  
Jaret L. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Brachial Plexus Injury ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Suprascapular Nerve ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Nerve Grafting ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Shoulder External Rotation

Background Restoration of shoulder function in obstetrical brachial plexus injury is paramount. There remains debate as to the optimal method of upper trunk reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that spinal accessory nerve to suprascapular nerve transfer leads to improved shoulder external rotation relative to sural nerve grafting. Methods A systematic review of Medline, EMBASE, EBSCO CINAHL, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and TRIP Pro from inception was conducted. Our primary outcome was shoulder external rotation. Results Four studies were included. Nerve transfer was associated with greater shoulder external rotation relative to nerve grafting (mean difference: 0.82 AMS 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27-1.36, P < .005). Patients undergoing nerve grafting were more likely to undergo a secondary shoulder stabilizing procedure (odds ratio [OR]: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.8376-1.9268). Conclusion In obstetrical brachial plexus injury, nerve transfer is associated with improved shoulder external rotation and a lower rate of secondary shoulder surgery. Level of Evidence Level III; Therapeutic

Kinematic determinants of performance parameters during golf swing

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Batbayar Khuyagbaatar ◽  
Tserenchimed Purevsuren ◽  
Yoon Hyuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
External Rotation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Left Elbow ◽  
Posterior Tilt ◽  
Shoulder External Rotation ◽  
Measures Of Performance

In golf, the trunk and pelvis kinematic variables are often related to measures of performance due to the highly complex and multi-joint movements involved in swings. However, it is unclear how specific body segments or joints contributed to the golf performance parameters. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the key joints, including those of the upper and lower trunk, that are associated with golf performance parameters, such as X-Factor and pelvis motion. A motion capture system was used to obtain three-dimensional kinematics of golf swings performed by 10 low handicap male golfers. Based on regression analysis, right knee adduction, right shoulder external rotation and left elbow extension in ball address to top of the backswing and left knee adduction and lower trunk right bending with left rotation in top of the backswing to end of follow-through were presented as predictor variables for the X-Factor. For pelvis movement, a greater number of joint angles were associated with pelvis posterior tilt during backswing and pelvis motion to target with right rotation during downswing/follow-through. This study provides fundamental details of the movement mechanisms of major joints, as well as their relationships with performance parameters. Such understanding can be combined with training to improve the golfing skill and prevent possible injuries.

scholarly journals Single-Session Video and Electromyography Feedback in Overhead Athletes With Scapular Dyskinesis and Impingement Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-273
Author(s):  
Wan-Yu Du ◽  
Tsun-Shun Huang ◽  
Yuan-Chun Chiu ◽  
Szu-Jieh Mao ◽  
Li-Wei Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Video Feedback ◽  
Emg Biofeedback ◽  
Scapular Dyskinesis ◽  
Serratus Anterior ◽  
Overhead Athletes ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Scapular Kinematics ◽  
Lower Trapezius

Context Subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS) is associated with scapular dyskinesis, or imbalanced scapular muscle activity. Evidence has shown that feedback can improve scapular control in patients with SIS. However, it is unknown whether real-time video feedback or electromyography (EMG) biofeedback is optimal for improving scapular kinematics and muscle activity during a functional task. Objective To compare the effects of video and EMG feedback sessions on absolute muscle activity (upper trapezius [UT], lower trapezius [LT], serratus anterior), muscle balance ratios (UT/LT, UT/serratus anterior), and scapular kinematics (anterior-posterior tilt, external-internal rotation, upward rotation) in SIS participants during arm elevation and lowering. Design Randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants Overhead athletes who were diagnosed with SIS and who also exhibited scapular dyskinesis (N = 41). Main Outcome Measure(s) Three-dimensional kinematics and EMG were recorded before and after feedback training. Results Lower trapezius muscle activity increased (4.2%–18%, P &lt; .011) and UT/LT decreased (0.56–1.17, P &lt; .013) in the EMG biofeedback training group as compared with those in the video feedback training group. Scapular upward rotation during arm elevation was higher in the video group than in the EMG group after feedback training (2.3°, P = .024). Conclusions The EMG biofeedback improved muscle control and video feedback improved the correction of scapular upward rotation in patients with SIS. Trial Registration Number ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03252444.

Latissimus Dorsi Transfer for External Rotation Weakness of the Shoulder in Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Al-QATTAN
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Brachial Plexus Palsy ◽  
Obstetric Brachial Plexus Palsy ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi Transfer ◽  
Obstetric Brachial Plexus ◽  
Shoulder External Rotation

This report describes the results of latissimus dorsi transfer for weakness of shoulder external rotation in 12 children with obstetric brachial plexus palsy. Selection criteria for the muscle transfer procedure included good passive external rotation of the shoulder, normal skeletal development of the shoulder joint, and adequate power of the deltoid. In addition to measuring the ranges of motion of joints before and after surgery, a modified Mallet grading system was utilized for the functional assessment of shoulder external rotation. At a mean follow-up of 4 years, two of the 12 children had recurrence of the shoulder deformity. In the remaining 10 children, the mean active external rotation was 30° (range, 20–60°), mean shoulder abduction was 140° (range, 90–170°), and all children had achieved a modified Mallet score of 4.

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