scholarly journals Plantar pressure differences among adults with mild flexible flatfoot, severe flexible flatfoot and normal foot when walking on level surface, walking upstairs and downstairs

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 641-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Na Zhai ◽  
Jue Wang ◽  
Yu Sheng Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Level Surface ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot

Does Flexible Flatfoot Require Treatment?: Plantar Pressure Effects of Wearing Over-the-Counter Insoles when Walking on a Level Surface and Up and Down Stairs in Adults with Flexible Flatfoot

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
JunNa Zhai ◽  
YuSheng Qiu ◽  
Jue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Level Surface ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot ◽  
Arch Index ◽  
Orthotic Insoles

Background: Orthotic insole is a popular physiotherapy for flatfoot. However, the effects and whether flexible flatfoot needs orthotic insole treatment are not clear, and how the plantar pressure changes while walking up and down stairs has not been studied. Therefore, this study observed the plantar pressures of different walking conditions to find the answers. Methods: Fifteen adults with flexible flatfoot and 15 adults with normal foot were examined while walking on a level surface and while walking up and down 10- and 20-cm stairs before treatment. The maximum force and the arch index were acquired with a force plate system. Participants with flexible flatfoot were instructed to wear the orthotic insoles for 3 months, and plantar pressures were measured again after treatment. The repeated measure was performed to analyze the data. Results: The maximum force and the arch index of flatfoot after treatment were significantly decreased under different walking conditions (P < .01). When walking down 10- and 20-cm stairs, the plantar data of normal foot and flatfoot were significantly increased (P < .05). Conclusions: Orthotic insoles could effectively improve the plantar pressure of flatfoot under different walking conditions. In addition, the arches of normal foot and flatfoot were obviously influenced when walking down stairs. It is, therefore, necessary to wear orthotic insoles for flexible flatfoot to prevent further deformation.

scholarly journals What Should Be the Determinant of Treatment for Juveniles with Flexible Flatfeet?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JunNa Zhai ◽  
YuSheng Qiu ◽  
Lina Shao
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background: It is still controversial that if juveniles with flexible flatfeet need to be treated. Some believed they did not need the treatment unless they felt pain after exercise. However, as living standards rise, the amount of exercise among teenagers is declining. The juveniles with flexible flatfeet don’t feel pain not because they don’t have symptoms, but because they rarely walk. This study recruited juveniles with flexible flatfoot to find out if there was other determinant of treatment. Methods: We recruited an experimental group with 20 severe flexible flatfeet and a control group with 20 severe flexible flatfeet. The contact area and load rate were measured separately. Then the subjects of experimental group were treated by exercise therapy for 8 weeks, and the plantar pressure data were measured again. The repeated measure was used to analyze the data. Results: The contact area and load rate of mid foot decreased significantly in experimental group after 8-week treatment. All the subjects of experimental group did not feel any uncomfortable during the treatment. While the two kinds of data in control group were not changed much between pre-after measurements. Conclusion: Exercise therapy could effectively improve the severe flexible flatfoot. If the juveniles with flexible flatfoot need the treatment should not depend on the symptoms only, but also on the severity. The juveniles with severe flexible flatfoot should be treated as soon as diagnosed.

Comparison of the immediate effects of prefabricated soft medical insoles and custom-molded rigid medical insoles on plantar pressure distribution in athletes with flexible flatfoot

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyede Gelare Razavi Khorasani ◽  
Masumeh Bagherzadeh Cham ◽  
Ali Sharifnezhad ◽  
Hassan Saeedi ◽  
Behshid Farahmand
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot

The effects of calf muscles fatigue on dynamic plantar pressure distribution in normal foot posture and flexible flatfoot: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Muge Kirmizi ◽  
Yesim Salik Sengul ◽  
Salih Angin
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Area ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Mixed Design ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Calf Muscles

BACKGROUND: Flexible flatfoot is associated with altered plantar pressure distribution, but it is not clear how muscle fatigue affects plantar pressure characteristics in flexible flatfoot and normal foot. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of calf muscles fatigue on plantar pressure variables in flexible flatfoot and normal foot. METHODS: Twenty-five people with flexible flatfoot and twenty-five people with normal foot were included. The unilateral heel-rise test was used to induce calf muscles fatigue. Plantar pressure variables were collected during preferred walking immediately before and after fatigue. The two-way mixed-design ANOVA was used to determine the main effect of fatigue and the interaction between foot posture and fatigue. RESULTS: Fatigue causes medialization of the contact area under the forefoot and the maximum force under the heel and forefoot (p< 0.05). When examining the differences in the effects of fatigue between groups, the contact area under the medial heel increased with fatigue in flexible flatfoot but decreased in normal foot; moreover, the contact area and maximum force under the midfoot and the maximum force under the third metatarsal decreased with fatigue in flexible flatfoot but increased in normal foot (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Calf muscles fatigue causes medialization of the maximum force and contact area. Especially the midfoot was affected differently by fatigue in flexible flatfoot and normal foot.

The effect of prefabricated and proprioceptive foot orthoses on plantar pressure distribution in patients with flexible flatfoot during walking

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Aminian ◽  
Zahra Safaeepour ◽  
Mahboobeh Farhoodi ◽  
Abbas Farjad Pezeshk ◽  
Hassan Saeedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Background:Previous studies have suggested that orthoses with different constructions could alter gait parameters in flexible flatfoot. However, there is less evidence about the effect of insoles with proprioceptive mechanism on plantar pressure distribution in flatfoot.Objectives:To assess the effect of orthoses with different mechanisms on plantar pressure distribution in subjects with flexible flatfoot.Study Design:Quasi-experimental.Methods:In total, 12 flatfoot subjects were recruited for this study. In-shoe plantar pressure in walking was measured by Pedar-X system under three conditions including wearing the shoe only, wearing the shoe with a proprioceptive insole, and wearing the shoe with a prefabricated foot insole.Results:Using the proprioceptive insoles, maximum force was significantly reduced in medial midfoot, and plantar pressure was significantly increased in the second and third rays (0.94 ± 0.77 N/kg, 102.04 ± 28.23 kPa) compared to the shoe only condition (1.12 ± 0.88 N/kg and 109.79 ± 29.75 kPa). For the prefabricated insole, maximum force was significantly higher in midfoot area compared to the other conditions ( p < 0.05).Conclusions:Construction of orthoses could have an effect on plantar pressure distribution in flatfeet. It might be considered that insoles with sensory stimulation alters sensory feedback of plantar surface of foot and may lead to change in plantar pressure in the flexible flatfoot.Clinical relevanceBased on the findings of this study, using orthoses with different mechanisms such as proprioceptive intervention might be a useful method in orthotic treatment. Assessing plantar pressure can also be an efficient quantitative outcome measure for clinicians in evidence-based foot orthosis prescription.

Effects of Different External Supports on Plantar Pressure-Time Integral and Contact Area in Flexible Flatfoot

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Banu Ünver ◽  
Nilgün Bek
Keyword(s):  
Contact Area ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pressure Time ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
External Supports ◽  
The Right

Background Flexible flatfoot disturbs the load distribution of the foot. Various external supports are used to prevent abnormal plantar loading in flexible flatfoot. However, few studies have compared the effects of different external supports on plantar loading in flexible flatfoot. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of elastic taping, nonelastic taping, and custom-made foot orthoses on plantar pressure-time integral and contact area in flexible flatfoot. Methods Twenty-seven participants with flexible flatfoot underwent dynamic pedobarographic analysis while barefoot and with elastic tape, nonelastic tape, and custom-made foot orthoses. Results Pressure-time integral percentage was higher with foot orthoses than in the barefoot and taping conditions in the midfoot (P &lt; .001) and was lower with foot orthoses than in barefoot in the right forefoot (P &lt; .05). Pressure-time integral values were lower with foot orthoses in the second, third, and fourth metatarsals and the lateral heel (P &lt; .05). With foot orthoses, contact area values were higher in the toes; second, third, and fourth metatarsi; midfoot; and heel compared with the other conditions (P &lt; .05). Pressure-time integral in the right lateral heel and contact area in the left fourth metatarsal increased with nonelastic taping versus barefoot (P &lt; .05). Conclusions Foot orthoses are more effective in providing dynamic pressure redistribution in flexible flatfoot. Although nonelastic taping has some effects, taping methods may be insufficient in altering the measured pedobarographic values in this condition.

Biomechanical Evaluation of the Efficacy of External Stabilizers in the Conservative Treatment of Acquired Flatfoot Deformity

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 727-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl W. Imhauser ◽  
Nicholas A. Abidi ◽  
David Z. Frankel ◽  
Kenneth Gavin ◽  
Sorin Siegler
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Longitudinal Arch ◽  
Plantar Pressure Distribution ◽  
Flexible Flatfoot ◽  
Fresh Frozen

This study quantified and compared the efficacy of in-shoe orthoses and ankle braces in stabilizing the hindfoot and medial longitudinal arch in a cadaveric model of acquired flexible flatfoot deformity. This was addressed by combining measurement of hindfoot and arch kinematics with plantar pressure distribution, produced in response to axial loads simulating quiet standing. Experiments were conducted on six fresh-frozen cadaveric lower limbs. Three conditions were tested: intact-unbraced; flatfoot-unbraced; and flatfoot-braced. Flatfoot deformity was created by sectioning the main support structures of the medial longitudinal arch. Six different braces were tested including two in-shoe orthoses, three ankle braces and one molded ankle-foot orthosis. Our model of flexible flatfoot deformity caused the calcaneus to evert, the talus to plantarflex and the height of the talus and medial cuneiform to decrease. Flexible flatfoot deformity caused a pattern of medial shift in plantar pressure distribution, but minimal change in the location of the center of pressure. Furthermore, in-shoe orthoses stabilized both the hindfoot and the medial longitudinal arch, while ankle braces did not. Semi-rigid foot and ankle orthoses acted to stabilize the medial longitudinal arch. Based on these results, it was concluded that treatment of flatfoot deformity should at least include use of in-shoe orthoses to partially restore the arch and stabilize the hindfoot.

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