Characterization of Tio2 And An As-Prepared Tio2/Sio2 Composite And Their Photocatalytic Performance For The Reduction Of Low-Concentration N-NO3- In Water

Excessive N-NO3- water pollution has become a widespread and serious problem that threatens human and ecosystem health. Here, a TiO2/SiO2 composite photocatalyst was prepared via the sol-gel/hydrothermal method. TiO2 and TiO2/SiO2 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Afterward, the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 and TiO2/SiO2 to reduce low nitrate concentrations (30 mgN·L-1) under UV light were evaluated and the effects of different factors on this process were investigated, after which the reaction conditions were optimized. Removal rates of up to 99.93% were achieved at a hole scavenger (formic acid) concentration of 0.6 mL·L-1, a CO2 flow rate of 0.1 m3·h-1, and a TiO2 concentration of 0.9 g·L-1. In contrast, TiO2/SiO2 at a 1.4 g·L-1 concentration and a TiO2 load rate of 40% achieved a removal rate of 83.48%,But with more than 98% of nitrogen generation rate.NO2- and NH4+ were the minor products, whereas N2 was the main product.

Foot and Lower Limb Clinical and Structural Changes in Overuse Injured Recreational Runners Using Floating Heel Shoes: Preliminary Results of a Randomised Control Trial

Foot-strike and the associated load rate are factors related to overuse injuries in runners. The purpose of this study was to analyse structural and functional changes in runners using floating heel running shoes, compared with runners using conventional footwear. A randomised control trial was conducted. Twenty runners with overuse injuries were followed over a 12-week gait retraining programme using floating heel running shoes or their conventional footwear. Pain was measured with pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), structural changes were measured with ultrasonography, and severity and impact of injury was scored on the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Overuse Injury Questionnaire (OSTRC-O). Statistical differences were found between groups after the intervention (p < 0.001), with a medium size effect SE = 0.8, and the floating heel running shoes group reached higher PPTs values. Participants using floating heel running shoes showed higher OSTRC-O scores than those using their conventional footwear (p < 0.05), with higher scores after the intervention (p < 0.05). A 12-week gait retraining programme using floating heel running shoes had positive effects on the injury recovery process when compared to the use of conventional footwear, with significant differences in terms of pain and impact on sports activity.

Studi Pelepasan Beban Pada PLTU Keramasan Saat Terjadi Penurunan Frekuensi

<p><em>The demand for electric power increases along with the development of technological progress and development. The use of electricity is an important factor in people's lives, both in households, lighting, communication, </em><em>and </em><em>industrial. The purpose of this research is to calculate the frequency response before load shedding, to calculate the frequency response after load shedding and to analyze the load recovery after normal frequency in the load. The methods to be used in writing and discussing this research are: Observation Method, Interview Method / Interview, Literature Study Method. Based on the calculation of the data in the previous chapter, the following conclusions can be drawn, the calculation of the conditions before carrying out the load shedding is based on the rate of decreasing frequency from the result obtained is 1.6 Hz / s, then to calculate the time used in determining the frequency at the time of load shedding then the results obtained are 54 Hz, Meanwhile, to calculate the frequency after load shedding that is obtained is 49.1 Hz, Calculation of load shedding time is expected when there is a decrease in frequency of 10.5 seconds, Calculation of the load rate of increase expected after load shedding then the optimal load value that must be removed is 5.55 w. </em></p>

Effect of loading rate on tensile and fracture behavior of AA2050-T84 alloy at high temperature

AA2050-T84 alloy is commonly used in the fabrication of modern commercial aircraft wing parts. Load and temperature variation during aircraft take-off, flight, and landing at different environmental conditions is substantial. Mechanical properties variation of AA2050-T84 alloy at sub-zero and room temperatures are significant and well documented in the literature. In the present work, at a high temperature of 200°C, the effect of load rate variation on tensile and fracture properties of AA2050-T84 alloy are experimentally and numerically studied. The load rates represented in strain rates were applied at 0.01, 0.1, and 1s−1. Experimental tensile tests exhibited the positive strain rate dependency on the yield and ultimate strength of the alloy. 2D numerical elastic-plastic fracture analysis was carried out using Abaqus 6.14. Similar to tensile results, the fracture parameters dependency on strain rates was witnessed. Overall, higher strain rate causes the increased susceptibility of fracture failure with the increase in yield stress of the material.

IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF SEMI-CUSTOM INSOLES AND STRUCTURED KNEE SLEEVES ON LOWER EXTREMITY KINETICS AND KINEMATICS IN RECREATIONAL MALE ATHLETES WITH PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN

The aim of this experiment was to provide insight into the immediate influence of both semi-custom insoles and knee sleeves in recreational male runners/athletes suffering from patellofemoral pain and also to explore the association between the extent of patellofemoral pain and psychological wellbeing. Experiment 1 examined 17 male recreational runners with patellofemoral pain, in semi-custom insole and no-insole conditions. Experiment 2 examined 13 male recreational athletes with patellofemoral pain, undertaking run, [Formula: see text] cut and single-leg hop movements in knee sleeve and no-sleeve conditions. In both experiments, motion capture and ground reaction forces were collected, allowing kinetics and three-dimensional kinematics to be calculated alongside patellofemoral joint loading quantified using musculoskeletal modeling. In both experiments, patellofemoral pain symptoms were examined using the KOOS patellofemoral pain subscale and psychological wellbeing using the COOP-WONCA questionnaire. The findings from both experiments showed that pain symptoms significantly predicted psychological wellbeing ([Formula: see text] in experiment 1 and [Formula: see text] in experiment 2). Experiment 1 showed that orthoses significantly reduced tibial internal rotation range of motion (no-[Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) whilst also increasing the peak knee adduction moment (no-[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]N[Formula: see text]m/kg and [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]N[Formula: see text]m/kg). The findings from experiment 2 revealed that the knee sleeve reduced the peak patellofemoral force (no-[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]BW and [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]BW) in the run movement and the patellofemoral load rate in the cut movement (no-[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]BW/s and [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]BW/s). Overall, the findings confirm that pain symptoms are predictive of psychological wellbeing in recreational male athletes with patellofemoral pain. Furthermore, the findings suggest that both insoles and knee sleeves may provide immediate biomechanical benefits in recreationally active individuals with patellofemoral pain, although when wearing insoles this may be at the expense of an increased knee adduction moment during running.

Optimization of Low Pressure Steam Heating Technology of Thermoelectric Joint Production

In order to reduce the loss of heat saving in the thermal engine, improve energy utilization efficiency. This paper uses EBSILON simulation software to establish models and perform changes to the working condition, and the comparison of design values on the thermal balance graph. The results show that this method is applicable to the calculation of the thermoelectric gauge. At different heat supply and exhaust flow and the ambient temperature, the heat transfer characteristics of the unit is constantly changed. When the ambient temperature is less than 15∘C, the combined circulation thermal consumption rate is negative and the ambient temperature is negative, and the ambient temperature is higher than 15∘C time is positively correlated. When the heating capacity is greater than 300 gj/h, the combined cycle efficiency of the unit at the same heating rate is higher than the 100% load rate. Conclusion: the EBSILON simulation software is reliable.

Study on Heat Sources of Horizontal Lathe Machine by Using Inverse Method

Thermal has significantly effect on high speed machine tools. When temperature growing up, it often causes processing errors and further reduces product quality. This paper aims to investigate magnitude of heat sources and temperature distribution in a horizontal lathe based on inverse method. In present thermal model, there is not only consideration of spindle but also analyzing relative structures. Simulated and experimental temperatures are used as input data to predict heat sources and temperature field. Effects of speed, number measured points, measurement errors and measured distance on predicted results are analyzed. Results indicate that this inverse method can accurately estimate the heat sources based on two measured temperatures at front and rear outer rings. The trend of estimated heat sources is then compared to measured load rate. Results herein are useful information for designing horizontal lathe spindle and reducing thermal errors.

Study on the Choice of Wastewater Treatment Process Based on the Emergy Theory

With the increase in industrialization and urbanization, water pollution has become increasingly serious, and wastewater treatment has become a common step in preventing this. For a greater understanding of the sustainability of different wastewater treatment systems, two processes, Anaerobic Baffled Reactor + Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic and Anaerobic Baffled Reactor + Cyclic Activated Sludge System, were selected, and their sustainability was evaluated based on three indicators, namely emergy yield ratio, environmental load rate, and emergy sustainability development index, according to emergy theory. The results show that the emergy yield ratio and environmental load rate of the ABR + CASS process were lower than those of the ABR + A2/O process, and the emergy sustainability development index of the ABR + CASS process was higher than that of the ABR + A2/O process, showing better sustainability. The research methods and findings of this study play an important role for decision makers in selecting sustainable wastewater treatment processes.

Analyzing mechanics of rock breaking under conditions of hydromechanical drilling

Purpose is to substantiate design factors and technological parameters of next-generation facilities of hydromechanical drilling basing upon the determined features of interaction between breaking pellets and rock mass. Methods. The studies of directionality features and bottomhole processes for rock mass breaking have been carried out using the current analytical methods and laboratory experiments. Among other things, certain mathematical and physical simulation techniques, methods of theoretical processing and interpretation of the research results under SolidWorks, Statgraphics, and Маthсаd environments, and a number of relevant instruments and materials have been applied. Following their technological sequence, the well bottomhole rock-breaking processes were simulated using a special laboratory stand equipped with a control-and-measuring unit (inclusive of a flowmeter, manometer, tachometer, and coordinate spacer among other things). Findings. Application perspectiveness of the combined techniques for rock breaking has been proved. Structural designs of the next-generation facilities for well drilling have been proposed. The pellet-impact drilling features have been analyzed from the viewpoint of its significant dynamic component during the rock mass breaking. Nature of the effect of breaking load rate on the results of bottomhole deformation processes has been identified. Efficiency of the proposed scheme to improve pellet-impact drilling based upon maximum use of a well bottomhole deformed by pellets has been proved. Measures to increase technical and technological indicators of pellet drilling have been considered. Requirements for the conditions stabilizing operation of a collar of the pellet-impact device have been outlined. Further research tendencies have been specified. Originality. It has been determined that compliance with specific geometrical and hydromechanical ratios, corresponding to the stable mode of a well sinking, is the factor required for reliable operation of hydromechanical drilling facilities. Practical implications. The results of stand-based tests as well as analytical studies may become the foundations to develop efficient engineering decision for hydromechanical well drilling with high technical and economic indicators. The data, concerning bottomhole rock breaking processes, are the basic ones to work out rational standard parameters of well sinking processes.