scholarly journals The use of a formula-based ketogenic diet in children with refractory epilepsy

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Pereira de Brito Sampaio ◽  
Cristina Takakura ◽  
Maria Luiza Giraldes de Manreza
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Seizure Frequency ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Nonpharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Restricted Protein Diet

ABSTRACT The ketogenic diet (KD) is a nonpharmacologic treatment that has been used for refractory epilepsy since 1921. The KD is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and restricted protein diet, which is calculated and weighed for each individual patient. Introducing and maintaining the diet for a long time remains a challenge. In this study, we evaluated the acceptability, tolerance, and efficacy of a formula-based KD in 10 children with refractory epilepsy. The ketogenic formula tested herein caused only mild KD-related adverse events and adequate adherence. Moreover, 60% of patients had more than 50% seizure frequency reduction and 10% were seizure-free.

scholarly journals Dietary therapies for epilepsy in low resource settings: challenges and successes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvasini Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Modified Atkins Diet ◽  
Atkins Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Drug Resistant Epilepsy ◽  
Restricted Protein Diet

The Ketogenic Diet (KD) is a high fat, low carbohydrate and restricted protein diet which has been used for the treatment of drug resistant epilepsy in children. It is considered the treatment of choice for refractory nonsurgical epilepsy in children. However, despite this being a very useful and relatively simple treatment, children from developing countries have not been able to benefit as much as their counterparts in more privileged settings. In this article, the challenges faced by pediatric neurologists and parents who wish to use the diet in children with refractory epilepsy are discussed, and also the simple low cost innovations which can be used to overcome these challenges are suggested. The evolution from the use of the classic ketogenic diet to the flexible use of the modified Atkins diet in low resource settings will be discussed.

scholarly journals A newer horizon in non-pharmacological management of intractable epilepsy of childhood: the ketogenic diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 958
Author(s):  
Ansh Chaudhary ◽  
Bhupendra Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Intractable Epilepsy ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
New Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat, low carbohydrate and adequate protein diet that was formulated in the early 1920s as a treatment of intractable epilepsy, when only bromides and phenobarbitones were available. With the discovery of phenytoin in 1935 and other anticonvulsants in subsequent decades its popularity gradually waned off but recently KD has got a resurgence in the management of intractable epilepsy especially of childhood onset, despite the availability of increasing number of new Antiepileptic drugs and surgical techniques.

scholarly journals Ketogenic diet: a promising alternative nonpharmacology treatment for pediatric epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1773
Author(s):  
Bella Kurnia
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Brain Dysfunction ◽  
Pediatric Epilepsy ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Anti Epileptic Drug ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Restricted Protein Diet

Epilepsy is a syndrome of brain dysfunction induced by the aberrant excitability of certain neurons. Despite advances in surgical technique and anti-epileptic drug in recent years, recurrent epileptic seizures remain intractable and lead to a serious morbidity in the world. The ketogenic diet (KD) is a nonpharmacologic treatment that has been used for refractory epilepsy since 1921. The KD is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and restricted protein diet, which is calculated and weighed for each individual patient. The goal of the KD treatment is to bring the brain into a state of ketosis to control seizures. Many studies have shown that ketogenic diet was very useful in controlling refractory epilepsy.

scholarly journals Ketogenic diet for the treatment of refractory epilepsy: a 10 year experience in children

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (2b) ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Freitas ◽  
José Albino da Paz ◽  
Erasmo Barbante Casella ◽  
Maria Joaquina Marques-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Generalized Epilepsy ◽  
The University

Ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat and low carbohydrate diet, which controls refractory epilepsy. We analyzed the KD effects on 54 children of the Children's Institute of the University of São Paulo. Efficacy, tolerability, and adverse effects were studied. Response to KD was effective (E) if seizure control was >75%, good (G) when 50-75%. When possible, we correlated the results with the epileptic syndrome and patient's age. By the second month on diet, 57.4% of the patients had E response and 31.4% G results. At the 6th month, 63.8% had E response and 25.5% G. At the 12th month, 71.8% had E and 25.6% G. At the 24th month, 62.1% had E and 37.9% G. Antiepileptic drugs have been reduced, and generalized epilepsy was the most sensitive. Age-related differences were not observed. Adverse effects were rarely observed. In conclusion, KD proved to be an effective treatment for refractory epilepsy.

scholarly journals Ketogenic Diet in Epileptic Encephalopathies

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suvasini Sharma ◽  
Manjari Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Dravet Syndrome ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Epileptic Encephalopathies ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Ohtahara Syndrome ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Atonic Seizures

The ketogenic diet is a medically supervised high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that has been found useful in patients with refractory epilepsy. It has been shown to be effective in treating multiple seizure types and epilepsy syndromes. In this paper, we review the use of the ketogenic diet in epileptic encephalopathies such as Ohtahara syndrome, West syndrome, Dravet syndrome, epilepsy with myoclonic atonic seizures, and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Ketogenic diet for epilepsy

2006 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Seizure Frequency ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Carbohydrate Intake ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

In a nutshellProducing ketosis by high fat and low carbohydrate intake appears to significantly reduce seizure frequency in 2/3rds of epileptics unresponsive to conventional drugs.Side-effects need to be watched for, and data on long-term complications is lacking. Since the evidence is mostly case-series rather than RCTs, caution in implementation alongwith expert dietetic support is appropriate.

scholarly journals First, do no harm: the risks of overtreating children with epilepsy

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Chuang ◽  
Marilisa M. Guerreiro ◽  
Sara Y. Tsuchie ◽  
Angelica Santucci ◽  
Carlos A. M. Guerreiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Seizure Frequency ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Refractory Epilepsy ◽  
Do No Harm ◽  
A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: Although overtreatment with antiepileptic drugs contributes to the morbidity associated with epilepsy, many children still are overtreated. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if the withdrawal of at least one antiepileptic drug (AED) in children with refractory epilepsy using polytherapy enable a better seizure control. METHOD: This was a prospective study. Children with refractory epilepsy using at least two AEDs were included. Once the patient, or guardian, agreed to participate in the study, one or more AED were slowly tapered off. The remaining AEDs dosages could be adjusted as needed, but a new AED could not be introduced. RESULTS: Fifteen patients were evaluated, three girls; ages ranging from 3 to 18 (mean=8.7 years). After at least one AED withdrawal, two (13.5%) patients became seizure free, seizures improved >50% in 5 (33.5%) patients, did not change in 5 (33.5%), and seizure frequency became worse in 3 (20%). Adverse events improved in 12 patients (80%). CONCLUSION: The withdrawal of at least one AED is a valuable option in the treatment of selected children with refractory epilepsy.

scholarly journals Ketogenic Diet-Induced Severe Ketoacidosis in a Lactating Woman: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Benedicta Nneoma Nnodum ◽  
Eziafa Oduah ◽  
David Albert ◽  
Mark Pettus
Keyword(s):  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis

The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, adequate-protein, and low-carbohydrate diet that leads to nutritional ketosis and weight loss. It is known to induce ketosis but is not an established cause of clinically significant ketoacidosis. Lactation ketoacidosis is well established in bovine literature but remains a rare phenomenon in humans. Here we present a life-threatening case of severe ketoacidosis in a nondiabetic lactating mother on a strict ketogenic diet. We review the available case reports of lactation ketoacidosis in humans and the mechanisms thereof. Although ketogenic diet has been shown to be safe in nonpregnant individuals, the safety of this diet in lactating mothers is not known. Health professionals and mothers should be made aware of the potential risk associated with a strict ketogenic diet when combined with lactation. Prompt diagnosis and immediate treatment cannot be overemphasized. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of life-threatening lactation ketoacidosis associated with ketogenic diet while consuming an adequate number of calories per day.

scholarly journals Long-Term Ketogenic Diet Induces Metabolic Acidosis, Anemia, and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aryadi Arsyad ◽  
Irfan Idris ◽  
Andi A. Rasyid ◽  
Rezky A. Usman ◽  
Kiki R. Faradillah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Metabolic Acidosis ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

Background. Ketogenic diet has been used as supportive therapy in a range of conditions including epilepsy, diabetes mellitus, and cancer. Objective. This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term consumption of ketogenic diet on blood gas, hematological profiles, organ functions, and superoxide dismutase level in a rat model. Materials and Methods. Fifteen male Wistar rats were divided into control (n = 8) and ketogenic (n = 7) groups. Controls received standard diet contained 52.20% of carbohydrates, 7.00% fat, and 15.25% protein; meanwhile, the ketogenic group received a high-fat-low-carbohydrate diet which contained 5.66% of carbohydrate, 86.19% fat, and 8.15% protein. All rats were caged individually and received 30g of either standard or high-fat-low-carbohydrate pellets. The experiment was carried out for 60 days before the blood samples were taken and analyzed to obtain blood gas, cell counts, organ biomarkers, and plasma antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Results. The rats subjected to ketogenic diet experienced a marked decrease in body weight, blood sugar, and increased blood ketones (p<0.05). The average blood pH was 7.36 ± 0.02 and base excess was −5.57 ± 2.39 mOsm/L, which were significantly lower than controls (p<0.05). Hematological analysis showed significantly lower erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels. No significant changes were found in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine levels, indicating normal liver and kidney functions. Nevertheless, plasma SOD level significantly reduced with ketogenic diet. Conclusion. Long-term ketogenic diet induces metabolic acidosis, anemia, and reduced antioxidant enzyme level in rats following 60 days of consuming high-fat-low-carbohydrate diet.

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