scholarly journals Explanatory models of families of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isa Ribeiro de Oliveira Dantas ◽  
Rhyquelle Rhibna Neris ◽  
Márcia Maria Fontão Zago ◽  
Manoel Antônio dos Santos ◽  
Lucila Castanheira Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Care Needs

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze how children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their families explain the pathology, based on their understanding of the factors related to the discovery of diabetes, the etiology, treatment, and prognosis of the disease. Methods: qualitative methodological approach, based on medical anthropology and the narrative method. In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 families of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus attending follow-up consultations at a specialized center. The statements were subjected to inductive thematic analysis. Results: the explanatory models identified describe the families search for the clarification of the signs and symptoms that the child had. Faced with the disease, families reorganized themselves to meet new health care needs of children, such as adequate nutrition, physical exercise, and blood glucose monitoring. Final Considerations: knowing the explanatory models allows the understanding of how families give meaning to the child’s illness, favoring daily nursing care and an effective control of the disease.

Programmed Cell Death-1 Monoclonal Antibody Therapy and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
pp. 089719001985092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle A. Farina ◽  
Michael P. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inhibitor Therapy ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Programmed Cell Death 1

Two Food and Drug Administration-approved programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors, nivolumab (Opdivo®), and pembrolizumab (Keytruda®), are indicated for treatment-resistant malignancies. Inhibition of PD-1 also inhibits T-cell peripheral tolerance, enhancing autoimmunity. Various autoimmune conditions have been reported with the use of these agents, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This article reviews literature regarding the development of T1DM in patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors and identifies strategies for the appropriate identification, monitoring, and follow-up of these patients. Published cases of T1DM related to PD-1 inhibitor therapy were identified using PubMed. Eighty-three identified publications were reviewed, of which 37 publications involving 42 cases of anti-PD-1 therapy-induced T1DM were identified. The average age of patients at presentation was 62 years and 59.5% were male. The mean number of PD-1 inhibitor doses received was 5, with a mean time to presentation of 11 weeks. Initial presentation of diabetic ketoacidosis was reported in 69% of cases, with an average blood glucose of 660 mg/dL and an average HbA1cof 8.7%. The exact mechanism PD-1 inhibitor therapy-induced T1DM is unknown. Blood glucose monitoring is recommended for all patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy. Further research is needed to delineate the frequency of this adverse effect, as well as to evaluate potential risk factors and ideal management strategies.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the Inclusive School Setting

2016 ◽  
pp. 26-58
Author(s):  
Joseph Charles Hoffman ◽  
Jennifer N. Osipoff
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Inclusive School ◽  
Type One Diabetes

This chapter will provide readers with a general overview of the pathophysiology and treatment of type one diabetes mellitus. Signs and symptoms of potential diabetic emergencies will be highlighted allowing educators to better care for their students with this disease. Laws protecting this group of students will be reviewed. The different types of education and medical plans available for these students. Lastly, the authors present a comprehensive literature review highlighting the possible neurocognitive effects of this disease.

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the Inclusive School Setting

2016 ◽  
pp. 169-200
Author(s):  
Joseph Charles Hoffman ◽  
Jennifer N. Osipoff
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Inclusive School ◽  
Type One Diabetes

This chapter will provide readers with a general overview of the pathophysiology and treatment of type one diabetes mellitus. Signs and symptoms of potential diabetic emergencies will be highlighted allowing educators to better care for their students with this disease. Laws protecting this group of students will be reviewed. The different types of education and medical plans available for these students. Lastly, the authors present a comprehensive literature review highlighting the possible neurocognitive effects of this disease.

scholarly journals The Effect of Training Based on James Brown Model on Self-efficacy in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Zahra Yosefi ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Afshar ◽  
Neda Mirbagher Ajorpaz ◽  
Zohre Sadat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is one of the most frequent chronic diseases among children and adolescents. Educational strategies underscore patient’s roles in the management of diseases and enhance self-efficacy behaviors. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an educational intervention based on James Brown’s model on self-efficacy in adolescents with T1DM. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 70 participants were selected and assigned to the control and intervention groups by random block. The two groups received routine care for T1DM. The intervention group was also provided with educational sessions, 60 minutes twice a week for 4 weeks, based on the educational model. The participants completed the diabetes management self-efficacy instrument at the beginning, at the end, and a month after the end of the study. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square, Independent samples t-test, Covariance (ANCOVA), and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The mean±SD age of the intervention and control groups was 14.81±2.05 and 15.18±2.11 years, respectively. Before the intervention, the two groups were not different statistically in terms of demographic variables (age, sex, duration of diabetes, insulin intake, etc.) and self-efficacy. The results showed that immediately after the intervention and also in the follow-up stage, the mean scores of self-efficacies and its subscales (nutrition, blood glucose monitoring, physical activity, and medical treatment) in the intervention group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The mean scores of self-efficacies at the beginning, at the end, and a month after the end of the study were 27.97±5.08, 41.46±4.41, and 44.55±4.38, respectively. In the control group, however, these differences were not significant. Conclusion: The education based on James Brown’s model can improve self-efficacy among adolescents with T1DM. It is recommended that nurses use this method to increase self-efficacy in adolescents with T1DM.

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