scholarly journals How 3D printing technologies can contribute into an iterative design process? Case study to hit a drum for Disabled Children

Production ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Thomann ◽  
Justine Coton ◽  
Marcel de Gois Pinto ◽  
Julien Veytizou ◽  
François Villeneuve
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Iterative Design

scholarly journals 3D Printed frames to enable reuse and improve the fit of N95 and KN95 respirators

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malia McAvoy ◽  
Ai-Tram N. Bui ◽  
Christopher Hansen ◽  
Deborah Plana ◽  
Jordan T. Said ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Fit Testing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Repeated Use

Background: In response to supply shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic, N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs or "masks"), which are typically single-use devices in healthcare settings, are routinely being used for prolonged periods and in some cases decontaminated under "reuse" and "extended use" policies. However, the reusability of N95 masks is often limited by degradation or breakage of elastic head bands and issues with mask fit after repeated use. The purpose of this study was to develop a frame for N95 masks, using readily available materials and 3D printing, which could replace defective or broken bands and improve fit. Results: An iterative design process yielded a mask frame consisting of two 3D-printed side pieces, malleable wire links that users press against their face, and cut lengths of elastic material that go around the head to hold the frame and mask in place. Volunteers (n= 41; average BMI= 25.5), of whom 31 were women, underwent qualitative fit with and without mask frames and one or more of four different brands of FFRs conforming to US N95 or Chinese KN95 standards. Masks passed qualitative fit testing in the absence of a frame at rates varying from 48-92% (depending on mask model and tester). For individuals for whom a mask passed testing, 75-100% (average = 86%) also passed testing with a frame holding the mask in place. Among users for whom a mask failed in initial fit testing, 41% passed using a frame. Success varied with mask model and across individuals. Conclusions: The use of mask frames can prolong the lifespan of N95 and KN95 masks by serving as a substitute for broken or defective bands without adversely affecting fit. Frames also have the potential to improve fit for some individuals who cannot fit existing masks. Frames therefore represent a simple and inexpensive way of extending the life and utility of PPE in short supply. For clinicians and institutions interested in mask frames, designs and specifications are provided without restriction for use or modification. To ensure adequate performance in clinical settings, qualitative fit testing with user-specific masks and frames is required.

Optimization of Design Process of Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D Printing

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeyoon Kim ◽  
Bruce S. Kang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Principal Directions

Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is one of the most common Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies for thermoplastic materials. PLA, ABS, and nylon have generally been used for prototype development. With the development of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) filament for FFF, AM parts with improved strength and functionality can be realized. While mechanical properties of various CFRP have been well studied, design methodology for structural optimization of CFRP parts remains an active research area. In this paper, a systematic optimization of design process of FFF 3D printing methodology is proposed for CFRP. Starting with standard coupon specimen tests including tensile, bending, and creep tests to obtain mechanical properties of CFRP. Finite element analyses (FEA) are conducted to find principal directions of the AM part and computed principal directions are utilized as fiber orientations. Then, the connecting lines of principal directions are used to develop a customized tool-path in FFF 3D printing to extrude fibers aligned with principal directions. Since currently available infill-patterns in 3D printing cannot precisely draw customized lines, a specific tool-path algorithm has been developed to distribute fibers with the desired orientations. To predict/assess mechanical behavior of the AM part, 3D printing process was simulated followed by FEA to obtain the anisotropic structural behavior induced by the customized tool-path. To demonstrate the design/manufacturing methodology, spur gears of a ball milling machine were selected as a case study and carbon fiber reinforced nylon filament was chosen as the AM materials. Relevant compression tests were conducted to assess their performance compared with those printed at regular tool-path patterns. Preliminary results show that CFRP gear printed by customized tool-path has about 8% higher stiffness than those printed by regular patterns. Also, flow distribution of printed fibers was verified using scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM images showed that approximately 91% of fibers were oriented as intended. In summary, assisted by FEA, a customized 3D printing tool-path for CFRP has been developed with a case study to verify the proposed AM design methodology.

User Testing and Iterative Design in the Academic Library

2018 ◽  
pp. 160-183
Author(s):  
Kris M. Markman ◽  
Maura Ferrarini ◽  
Amy H. Deschenes
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Academic Library ◽  
Learning Objects ◽  
User Testing ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Educational Product ◽  
Testing Design ◽  
Prototype Testing

This chapter describes the iterative design process used to create a series of information literacy tutorials for an academic library. This case study explains how the various stages of the design process, including setting goals, prototype testing, design refinement, and evaluation, lead to a series of learning objects that are pedagogically sound, user-focused, and engaging. The authors also provide templates and test scripts that can be re-used by scholars and practitioners. The chapter concludes with recommendations for including user testing in the design process for any educational product.

scholarly journals Designing for Usability of an Adaptive Time Management Assistant

AI Magazine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Julie Sage Weber ◽  
Neil Yorke-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Target User ◽  
Adaptive Time ◽  
Mixed Initiative

This case study article describes the iterative design process of an adaptive, mixed-initiative calendaring tool with embedded artificial intelligence.  We establish the specific types of assistance in which the target user population expressed interest, and we highlight our findings regarding the scheduling practices and the reminding preferences of these users.  These findings motivated the redesign and enhancement of our intelligent system.  Lessons learned from the study—namely, highlighting the merits of usability toward widespread adoption and retention, and that simple problems that perhaps do not necessitate complex AI-based solutions should not go unattended merely due to their inherent simplicity—conclude the article, along with a discussion of the importance of the iterative design process for any user adaptive system.

scholarly journals Minimal Coding, Iterative Prototyping, and Playtesting: A Novice Design Thinking Approach to Gamifying the User Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Miller ◽  
Karen Nourse Reed
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Graphic Design ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Usability Testing ◽  
Minimal Amount ◽  
Educational Objectives ◽  
Iterative Design

This case study details the methodologies we used to create a gamified library orientation experience through an iterative design process involving the phases of empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. For libraries with staff skilled in basic HTML and graphic design, gamified experiences are possible when they approach them with a design-thinking mindset. In designing the gamified orientation experience, we used a minimal amount of coding and conducted usability testing with playtesters prior to launch. We describe a sequence of issues we encountered during playtests, and we discuss remedies we took to balance storyline, content, educational objectives, and gameplay.

Developing design literacy through brand-based artefacts

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina LELIS
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Basic Design ◽  
Willingness To Participate ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Interaction Structure ◽  
Functional Prototype ◽  
High Willingness

The brand is a powerful representational and identification-led asset that can be used to engage staff in creative, sustainable and developmental activities. Being a brand the result of, foremost, a design exercise, it is fair to suppose that it can be a relevant resource for the advancement of design literacy within organisational contexts. The main objective of this paper was to test and validate an interaction structure for an informed co-design process on visual brand artefacts. To carry on the empirical study, a university was chosen as case study as these contexts are generally rich in employee diversity. A non-functional prototype was designed, and walkthroughs were performed in five focus groups held with staff. The latter evidenced a need/wish to engage with basic design principles and high willingness to participate in the creation of brand design artefacts, mostly with the purposeof increasing its consistent use and innovate in its representation possibilities, whilst augmenting the brand’s socially responsible values.

Causing a Stir

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo POTOCNJAK-OXMAN
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Collaborative Design ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Early Stages

Stir was a crowd-voted grants platform aimed at supporting creative youth in the early stages of an entrepreneurial journey. Developed through an in-depth, collaborative design process, between 2015 and 2018 it received close to two hundred projects and distributed over fifty grants to emerging creatives and became one of the most impactful programs aimed at increasing entrepreneurial activity in Canberra, Australia. The following case study will provide an overview of the methodology and process used by the design team in conceiving and developing this platform, highlighting how the community’s interests and competencies were embedded in the project itself. The case provides insights for people leading collaborative design processes, with specific emphasis on some of the characteristics on programs targeting creative youth

Cyberphysical Design Automation Framework for Knowledge-based Engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 158-178
Author(s):  
Urcun John Tanik
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Automation ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Engineering ◽  
Cyberphysical System ◽  
Automation Framework

Cyberphysical system design automation utilizing knowledge based engineering techniques with globally networked knowledge bases can tremendously improve the design process for emerging systems. Our goal is to develop a comprehensive architectural framework to improve the design process for cyberphysical systems (CPS) and implement a case study with Axiomatic Design Solutions Inc. to develop next generation toolsets utilizing knowledge-based engineering (KBE) systems adapted to multiple domains in the field of CPS design automation. The Cyberphysical System Design Automation Framework (CPSDAF) will be based on advances in CPS design theory based on current research and knowledge collected from global sources automatically via Semantic Web Services. A case study utilizing STEM students is discussed.

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