SPACIAL ILLUMINANCES VARIABILITY AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN AVIARIES FOR LAYING HENS EQUIPED WITH COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS AND LIGHT EMITTING DIODE

In the last decade, mainly due to political incentives towards energy efficiency, the share of lamps with power electronic interfaces, like Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) and Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps, has significantly increased in the residential sector. Their massive use might have a substantial impact on harmonic currents and, consequently, on the current flowing in the neutral conductor. This paper analyzes the impact of modern energy-efficient lighting technologies on the neutral conductor current by using a synthetic Low Voltage residential grid. Different load scenarios reflecting the transition from incandescent lamps, via CFL, to LED lamps are compared concerning the neutral conductor current at different points in the network. The inherent randomness related to the use of lighting devices by each residential customer is considered employing a Monte Carlo simulation. Obtained results show that the use of CFL has a greater impact on the neutral conductor current of Low Voltage (LV) residential grids and that, with increasing use of LED lamps, a decreasing impact can be expected in the future.

Download Full-text

Analysis of Energy and Cost Performance of Retrofitting Fluorescent Tubes with Compact Fluorescent and Light Emitting Diode Lamps

Journal of Engineering Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jerr/2020/v14i417133 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 34-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. S. Adeleke ◽

A. B. Wahab ◽

E. A. Olanipekun

Keyword(s):

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Poor Performance ◽

Payback Period ◽

Optimal Performance ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Tertiary Institutions ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamp

Over the years, visual comfort has been described as a major requirement needed to enhance optimal performance of occupants in any learning environment in tertiary institutions. This is reflected in the poor performance of the commonly used Fluorescent Lamps (FL) occasioned by its constant burn-off, high failure rate and reduced durability. Hence, there is a shift to the adoption of Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) and Light Emitting Diode (LED). This study therefore examined the pattern of electricity consumption involving the adoption of FL, CFL and LED in the purposively selected lecture theatres of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The study was carried out using energy monitor to obtain the consumption data of the lamps for periodic logging at intervals of 1 hr, 3 hrs, 6 hrs, 12 hrs, 1 day, 7 days, 1 month and 3 months respectively; and also to determine the payback period of each of the lamps. From the data collected, patterns of electricity used, electricity savings were calculated and compared to establish performance potentials of each of the lamps. The study found that there was a significant difference in the pattern of electricity consumption of FLs compared with that of CFLs and LEDs, but a reduced margin existed between CFLs and LED lamps. It showed that the FLs consumed 681.576 kWh, 1619.466 kWh and 5652.432 kWh, CFLs consumed 387.302 kWh, 692.479 kWh and 1936.600 kWh, while LED consumed 294.188 kWh, 426.608 kWh and 1499.015 kWh. There were significant differences in consumption with 43, 47 and 65% reduction in electricity consumption using CFLs while 57, 73 and 73% using LED fittings were obtained. The CFLs performed better in terms of return on investments by having a lower payback period when compared to LED. The study concluded that replacing FL with CFL and LED would be desirable option in order to enhance optimal performance of lecture theatres, but in terms of payback period, it would be beneficial to retrofit FLs with CFLs.

Download Full-text

A simple design of uniform LED illumination using catadioptric collimator and freeform lenslet array

Lighting Research and Technology ◽

10.1177/14771535211052451 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 147715352110524

Author(s):

DT Vu ◽

H Vu ◽

S Shin ◽

NM Kieu ◽

TQ Tien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Optical Path Length ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Simple Strategy ◽

Area Of Interest ◽

Lenslet Array ◽

Freeform Optics ◽

Receiver Plane ◽

Indoor Lighting

We introduce a compact lenslet array principle that takes advantage of freeform optics to deploy a light distributor, beneficial for highly efficient, inexpensive, low energy consumption light-emitting diode (LED) lighting system. We outline here a simple strategy for designing the freeform lens that makes use of an array of the identical plano-convex lenslet. The light is redistributed from such lenslet, hinging on the principle of optical path length conservation, and then delivered to the receiver plane. The superimposing of such illumination area from every lenslet occurs on the receiver plane, in which the non-uniform illumination area located in the boundary should have the same dimension as the size of the freeform lenslet array. Such an area, insofar, is negligible due to their small size, which is the crux of our design, representing a large departure from the former implementations. Based on simulations that assess light performance, the proposed design exhibited the compatibility for multiple radiation geometries and off-axis lighting without concern for the initial radiation pattern of the source. As simulated, the LED light source integrated with such proposed freeform lenslet array revealed high luminous efficiency and uniformity within the illumination area of interest were above 70% and 85%, respectively. Such novel design was then experimentally demonstrated to possess a uniformity of 75% at hand, which was close to the simulation results. Also, proposed indoor lighting was implemented in comparison with the commercial LED downlight and LED panel, whereby the energy consumption, number of luminaires and illumination performance were assessed to show the advantage of our simplified model.

Download Full-text

Comparative Study of Four TiO2-Based Photocatalysts to Degrade 2,4-D in a Semi-Passive System

Water ◽

10.3390/w11030621 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 621 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gisoo Heydari ◽

Jordan Hollman ◽

Gopal Achari ◽

Cooper Langford

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Degradation Rate ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Glass Spheres ◽

Degradation Rate Constant ◽

2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Mode Energy

In this study, the relative efficiency of four forms of supported titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalyst to degrade 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in Killex®, a commercially available herbicide was studied. Coated glass spheres, anodized plate, anodized mesh, and electro-photocatalysis using the anodized mesh were evaluated under an ultraviolet – light-emitting diode (UV-LED) light source at λ = 365 nm in a semi-passive mode. Energy consumption of the system was used to compare the efficiency of the photocatalysts. The results showed both photospheres and mesh consumed approximately 80 J/cm3 energy followed by electro-photocatalysis (112.2 J/cm3), and the anodized plate (114.5 J/cm3). Although electro-photocatalysis showed the fastest degradation rate (K = 5.04 mg L−1 h−1), its energy consumption was at the same level as the anodized plate with a lower degradation rate constant of 3.07 mg L−1 h−1. The results demonstrated that three-dimensional nanotubes of TiO2 surrounding the mesh provide superior degradation compared to one-dimensional arrays on the planar surface of the anodized plate. With limited broad-scale comparative studies between varieties of different TiO2 supports, this study provides a comparative analysis of relative degradation efficiencies between the four photocatalytic configurations.

Download Full-text

Cost comparison between energy consumption and lifetime depreciation for different compact fluorescent lamps starting scenarios

2010 9th IEEE/IAS International Conference on Industry Applications - INDUSCON 2010 ◽

10.1109/induscon.2010.5740019 ◽

2010 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. F. da Silva ◽

N. B. Chagas ◽

J. de P. Lopes ◽

M. E. Schlittler ◽

A. R. Seidel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Cost Comparison ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamps

Download Full-text

The effect of monochromatic light-emitting diode light on reproductive traits of laying hens

The Journal of Applied Poultry Research ◽

10.3382/japr.2013-00746 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 367-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Diyan Li ◽

Long Zhang ◽

Mingyao Yang ◽

Huadong Yin ◽

Huailiang Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laying Hens ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Monochromatic Light ◽

Reproductive Traits ◽

Light Emitting

Download Full-text

Comparison of Intracanopy Light-emitting Diode Towers and Overhead High-pressure Sodium Lamps for Supplemental Lighting of Greenhouse-grown Tomatoes

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.23.1.93 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 93-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Celina Gómez ◽

Robert C. Morrow ◽

C. Michael Bourget ◽

Gioia D. Massa ◽

Cary A. Mitchell

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Energy Savings ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Light Sources ◽

Node Number ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Supplemental Lighting

Electric supplemental lighting can account for a significant proportion of total greenhouse energy costs. Thus, the objectives of this study were to compare high-wire tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production with and without supplemental lighting and to evaluate two different lighting positions + light sources [traditional high-pressure sodium (HPS) overhead lighting (OHL) lamps vs. light-emitting diode (LED) intracanopy lighting (ICL) towers] on several production and energy-consumption parameters for two commercial tomato cultivars. Results indicated that regardless of the lighting position + source, supplemental lighting induced early fruit production and increased node number, fruit number (FN), and total fruit fresh weight (FW) for both cultivars compared with unsupplemented controls for a winter-to-summer production period. Furthermore, no productivity differences were measured between the two supplemental lighting treatments. The energy-consumption metrics indicated that the electrical conversion efficiency for light-emitting intracanopy lighting (LED-ICL) into fruit biomass was 75% higher than that for HPS-OHL. Thus, the lighting cost per average fruit grown under the HPS-OHL lamps was 403% more than that of using LED-ICL towers. Although no increase in yield was measured using LED-ICL, significant energy savings for lighting occurred without compromising fruit yield.

Download Full-text

A review of leakage current mechanism in nitride based light emitting diode

Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences ◽

10.11113/mjfas.v12n2.412 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anati Syahirah Hedzir ◽

Norasmahan Muridan ◽

Nurul Fadzlin Hasbullah

Keyword(s):

Leakage Current ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Forward Bias ◽

Dominant Mechanism ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

High Bias ◽

Assisted Tunneling ◽

Leakage Current Mechanism ◽

Current Mechanism

We review the dominant mechanism and characteristics of it which gave rise to the existence of forward and reverse leakage current in nitride based light emitting diode (LED). LED is one of the promising device to be used as a lighting source because it does not contain mercury unlike fluorescent lamps. However, the existence of leakage current can affect the reliability and efficiency of LED. Hence, its importance to understand the mechanism that responsible for its existence. The occurrence of leakage current is divided into three main parameters: 1) low bias; 2) medium or high bias; 3) temperature dependence. In low reverse bias, Poole-Frenkel is the dominant mechanism while tunneling is the dominant mechanism in high bias region. Furthermore, in forward bias, defect assisted tunneling is most likely the dominant mechanism. In low forward bias, electrons are the dominant carriers in defect assisted tunneling while in medium forward bias, holes are the dominant carriers. Moreover, Variable Range Hopping (VRH) is reported to be dominant when the temperature of conduction is below 200K.

Download Full-text

Light Emitting Diode Technology: Lowering Build and Maintenance Costs

10.5957/smc-2013-p36 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Roger Buelow ◽

Keith Kazenki ◽

Greg Flies

Keyword(s):

Energy Efficient ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Efficient Technology ◽

Maintenance Costs ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Fluorescent Lamps ◽

Feasible Option ◽

Energy Efficient Technology

Due to the recent push for energy efficient technology, LEDs have developed to be able to meet and surpass fluorescent lamps in terms of efficiency and lifetime. Additional focus on LEDs has allowed the initial investment price to decrease allowing LEDs to become a feasible option. Installing LEDs during the construction of ships allows for a greater TOC savings from increased energy efficacy, lower maintenance costs and a simpler electrical design schematic. There are three options available to incorporate LEDs on a ship: LED lamps, LED fixtures or a combination of the two.

Download Full-text