scholarly journals Perfil fitoquímico e determinação da atividade antimicrobiana de Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae) frente a microrganismos bucais

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (4 suppl 3) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096
Author(s):  
N.A.D.E.O. CARTAXO-FURTADO ◽  
T.O. SAMPAIO ◽  
M.A. XAVIER ◽  
A.D.D.E. MEDEIROS ◽  
J.V. PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Syzygium Cumini ◽  
Streptococcus Oralis

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar o perfil fitoquímico e avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro do extrato etanólico da casca do caule de Syzygium cumini(L.) Skeels frente a microrganismos bucais. O perfil fitoquímico do extrato foi traçado através da determinação espectrofotométrica quantitativa para verificar o teor de taninos, flavonóides, saponinas e polifenóis. A atividade antimicrobiana foi determinada através da Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM), por meio da técnica de microdiluição em caldo, utilizando-se as seguintes linhagens de microrganismos: Streptococcus mutans (25175), Streptococcus oralis (10557) e Candida albicans (10231). Uma quantidade apreciável de fitocontituintes foi observada, especialmente de taninos (100,58 ± 1,81). Os extratos apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana inibindo o crescimento das linhagens em estudo, destacando-se essa atividade sobre o crescimento de C. albicans (CIM=250 µg/mL). Já as CIMs para Streptococcus foram baixas. Diante dos resultados expostos, pode-se concluir que o perfil fitoquímico foi traçado e que, dentre os microrganismos testados, o extrato etanólico da casca de S. cumini apresentou forte potencial de inibição sobre o crescimento de C. albicans e fraca inibição frente aos Streptococcus testados. Este estudo sugere que mais pesquisas devem ser realizadas dando continuidade à bioprospecção, por meio de análises experimentais com essa espécie vegetal, objetivando, no futuro, que essa planta possa ser utilizada clinicamente para tratar candidose bucal.

scholarly journals An in Vitro Analysis of Antibacterial Efficacy of Local Brands of Toothpastes and Mouthrinses in Malaysian Market on Selected Oral Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
M Chandramohan ◽  
S W Chan ◽  
P Paulraj ◽  
P T Mohamed Javad ◽  
P Sajeesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Streptococcus Salivarius ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Streptococcus Sanguis ◽  
Streptococcus Oralis ◽  
Oral Pathogens

Oral disease affects a considerable portion of population and is considered one of the major causes of tooth loss in developed and developing countries. An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of toothpastes and mouthrinses towards oral pathogens which are found to cause most of the oral diseases such as gingivitis and dental plague. In this study, a total of five toothpastes and four mouthrinses were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against five oral pathogens such as Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis, Streprococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans. The efficacy of different concentration of the toothpastes and mouthrinses were assessed by agar well diffusion method. Statistical analysis was performed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post-hoc least square differences (LSD) method (p=0.05). Toothpaste B gave the maximum zone of inhibition against tested organisms, Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus oralis. Toothpaste C and E gave the maximum zone of inhibition against Streptococcus salivarius and Streptococcus mutans respectively. Toothpaste A was most effective against Candida albicans. Mouthrinse G was most effective against Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus oralis and Candida albicans. In conclusion, the present study has demonstrated that dentifrices which contain fluoride and cetylpyridium chloride formulation gave the maximum zone of inhibition against the tested organisms compared to other active ingredients.

scholarly journals Synergism of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans Reinforces Biofilm Maturation and Acidogenicity in Saliva: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Eun Kim ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Atul Dhall ◽  
Marwa Bawazir ◽  
Hyun Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Acidic Environment ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction ◽  
Biofilm Development

Early childhood caries, a virulent-form of dental caries, is painful, difficult, and costly to treat that has been associated with high levels of Streptococcus mutans (Sm) and Candida albicans (Ca) in plaque-biofilms on teeth. These microorganisms appear to develop a symbiotic cross-kingdom interaction that amplifies the virulence of plaque-biofilms. Although biofilm studies reveal synergistic bacterial-fungal association, how these organisms modulate cross-kingdom biofilm formation and enhance its virulence in the presence of saliva remain largely unknown. Here, we compared the properties of Sm and Sm-Ca biofilms cultured in saliva by examining the biofilm structural organization and capability to sustain an acidic pH environment conducive to enamel demineralization. Intriguingly, Sm-Ca biofilm is rapidly matured and maintained acidic pH-values (~4.3), while Sm biofilm development was retarded and failed to create an acidic environment when cultured in saliva. In turn, the human enamel slab surface was severely demineralized by Sm-Ca biofilms, while there was minimal damage to the enamel surface by Sm biofilm. Interestingly, Sm-Ca biofilms exhibited an acidic environment regardless of their hyphal formation ability. Our data reveal the critical role of symbiotic interaction between S. mutans and C. albicans in human saliva in the context of pathogenesis of dental caries, which may explain how the cross-kingdom interaction contributes to enhanced virulence of plaque-biofilm in the oral cavity.

scholarly journals pH changes of mixed biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans after exposure to sucrose solutions in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamires Priscila Cavazana ◽  
Juliano Pelim Pessan ◽  
Thayse Yumi Hosida ◽  
Douglas Roberto Monteiro ◽  
Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Ph Changes ◽  
Sucrose Solutions

scholarly journals Effect of tt-farnesol and myricetin on in vitro biofilm formed by Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Roncari Rocha ◽  
Elkin Jahir Florez Salamanca ◽  
Ana Letícia de Barros ◽  
Carmélia Isabel Vitorino Lobo ◽  
Marlise Inêz Klein
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans

scholarly journals Symbiotic Relationship between Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans Synergizes Virulence of Plaque BiofilmsIn Vivo

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 1968-1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan L. Falsetta ◽  
Marlise I. Klein ◽  
Punsiri M. Colonne ◽  
Kathleen Scott-Anne ◽  
Stacy Gregoire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Biofilm Development

ABSTRACTStreptococcus mutansis often cited as the main bacterial pathogen in dental caries, particularly in early-childhood caries (ECC).S. mutansmay not act alone;Candida albicanscells are frequently detected along with heavy infection byS. mutansin plaque biofilms from ECC-affected children. It remains to be elucidated whether this association is involved in the enhancement of biofilm virulence. We showed that the ability of these organisms together to form biofilms is enhancedin vitroandin vivo. The presence ofC. albicansaugments the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS), such that cospecies biofilms accrue more biomass and harbor more viableS. mutanscells than single-species biofilms. The resulting 3-dimensional biofilm architecture displays sizeableS. mutansmicrocolonies surrounded by fungal cells, which are enmeshed in a dense EPS-rich matrix. Using a rodent model, we explored the implications of this cross-kingdom interaction for the pathogenesis of dental caries. Coinfected animals displayed higher levels of infection and microbial carriage within plaque biofilms than animals infected with either species alone. Furthermore, coinfection synergistically enhanced biofilm virulence, leading to aggressive onset of the disease with rampant carious lesions. Ourin vitrodata also revealed that glucosyltransferase-derived EPS is a key mediator of cospecies biofilm development and that coexistence withC. albicansinduces the expression of virulence genes inS. mutans(e.g.,gtfB,fabM). We also found thatCandida-derived β1,3-glucans contribute to the EPS matrix structure, while fungal mannan and β-glucan provide sites for GtfB binding and activity. Altogether, we demonstrate a novel mutualistic bacterium-fungus relationship that occurs at a clinically relevant site to amplify the severity of a ubiquitous infectious disease.

scholarly journals Efecto del enjuague bucal de extracto etanólico psidium guajava l. Sobre candida albicans y streptococcus mutans. Huánuco, 2019.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
Nancy Doris Calzada-Gonzales ◽  
Marisol Rossana Ortega-Buitrón ◽  
Silvia Lina Bacilio-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Psidium Guajava

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto antimicótico y antibacteriano del Psidium Guajava L. al 50 % y 90 % sobre la Cándida Albicans y los Streptococcus mutans Huánuco, 2019. Métodos. Estudio experimental in vitro donde fueron incluidas 32 unidades de análisis (placas Petri con cepas de Cándida albicans o Streptococcus mutans de las cuales 16 muestras correspondieron a los cuatro grupos de estudio de la cepa cándida albicans y 16 muestras para los cuatro grupos de las cepas de Streptococcus mutans, el grupo control positivo (Clorhexidina al 2 % o Nistatina 100.000 UI) y grupo control negativo (agua destilada). El efecto antimicótico y antibacteriano se determinó mediante la cuantifcación del diámetro del halo de inhibición. En una fcha de observación se recolectó la información. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron la prueba de ANOVA y T de Student. Resultados. El Psidium Guajava L. 90 % presentó mayor diámetro de formación del halo de inhibición media 14,40 ± 2,06 mm frente al Streptococcus mutans y una media 13,50 ± 1,50 mm frente a la Cándida albicans. Respecto al Psidium Guajava L. 50 % la media de diámetro del halo de inhibición fue 11,30 ± 1,76 mm y frente a la Cándida albincas la media fue 8,40 ± 2,22 mm. Encontrándose diferencias estadísticamente signifcativas (p < 0,05) del efecto antimicótico y antibacteriano del Psidium Guajava L. sobre Cándida albicans y Streptococcus mutans entre los cuatro grupos estudiados (p = 0,00). Conclusiones. La aplicación del enjuague bucal a base de extracto etanólico de Psidium Guajava L. al 90 % tiene mayor efecto antimicótico y antibacteriano en el tratamiento de la candidiasis de la mucosa bucal.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-infective Potential of Thymol Against Early Childhood Caries Causing Dual Species Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arumugam Priya ◽  
Anthonymuthu Selvaraj ◽  
Dass Divya ◽  
Ramalingam Karthik Raja ◽  
Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Infective Potential ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early childhood caries (ECC), a severe form of caries due to cross-kingdom interaction of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans, is a serious childhood dental disease that affects majority of the children with poor background. The present study investigated the anti-infective potential of thymol against C. albicans and S. mutans dual species for the management of ECC. Thymol, a plant derivative of the monoterpene group, has been well known for its numerous biological activities. Thymol at 300 μg/ml concentration completely arrested growth and proliferation of dual species of C. albicans and S. mutans. Rapid killing efficacy of pathogens, within a span of 2 min, was observed in the time kill assay. In addition, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, thymol effectively diminished the biofilm formation and virulence of both C. albicans and S. mutans such as yeast-to-hyphal transition, hyphal-to-yeast transition, filamentation, and acidogenicity and acidurity, respectively, in single and dual species state. qPCR analysis was consistent with virulence assays. Also, through the invertebrate model system Galleria mellonella, in vivo toxicity and efficacy of the phytocompound was assessed, and it was found that no significant toxic effect was observed. Moreover, thymol was found to be proficient in diminishing the infection under single and dual state in in vivo condition. Overall, the results from the present study illustrate the anti-infective potential of thymol against the ECC-causing dual species, C. albicans and S. mutans, and the applicability of thymol in medicated dentifrice formulation.

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