scholarly journals Flora of Acanthaceae of Iguaçu National Park, Paraná, Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaine Kunrath Hammes ◽  
Marizete Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Cíntia Kameyama ◽  
Lívia Godinho Temponi
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
New Records ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Floristic Study ◽  
Semideciduous Seasonal Forest ◽  
Botanical Illustrations

Abstract Species of Acanthaceae are predominantly associated with conserved forest environments such as Iguaçu National Park (PARNA Iguaçu), which is composed of Semideciduous Seasonal Forest and Araucaria forest. The aim of this work was to perform a floristic study of Acanthaceae of PARNA Iguaçu, with botanical illustrations, an identification key and descriptions of the species. Collections were carried out monthly from August 2015 to July 2016, in the areas of Céu Azul, Capanema and Foz do Iguaçu. The individuals collected were deposited in the UNOP herbarium and the specimens present in the herbaria EVB, HCF, MBM and UNOP, as well as in the virtual herbaria Reflora and SpeciesLink, were analyzed. A total of 13 native species were recorded from Atlantic Forest, distributed in seven genera. Justicia was the most representative, with five species. In all, 12 new records were made for PARNA Iguaçu, of which eight are new records for Semideciduous Seasonal Forest. Of the species found, three are threatened with extinction, one of which is considered vulnerable and two are categorized as endangered, which reinforces the role of PARNA Iguaçu in in-situ conservation in the state of Paraná.

Synopsis of Leguminosae from Iguaçu National Park, Paraná, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 501 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-280
Author(s):  
CRISTIANE RITTER RAUBER ◽  
LAURA CRISTINA PIRES LIMA ◽  
MARCELO GALEAZZI CAXAMBU ◽  
LÍVIA GODINHO TEMPONI
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Native Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
New Records ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Diagnostic Characters

The Leguminosae family is one of the most representative in Brazil, with more than 2,800 native species in 222 genera. It is also one of the most representative families in all Brazilian phytogeographic domains, especially in the Atlantic Forest, where the Iguaçu National Park (ParNa Iguaçu) is located. The present study aimed to produce a synopsis of the Leguminosae species, and compare their distribution in three different areas of the park. ParNa has a total area of about 185,000 hectares, its vegetation is predominantly Semideciduous Forest (SF), in the areas of Foz do Iguaçu and Capanema, and a transition from this with Araucaria Forest (AF), in the area of Céu Azul. Fortnightly expeditions were carried out along the main trails of ParNa, from April 2018 to May 2019, there were also surveys in the platforms SpeciesLink, Jabot and the Reflora Virtual Herbarium, in addition to visits to the herbaria EVB, HCF, MBM, PUC-PR and UPCB. Sixty-three native species of Leguminosae distributed in 40 genera were found. The most representative genera were Senegalia with eight species, followed by Machaerium, Mimosa and Desmodium with four species each. Of these species, 24 are new records for ParNa, five were found only in the AF area, 51 only in SF and eight are found in both these vegetational types. Two species are endemic to Paraná, Mimosa prionopus and Senegalia rafinesqueana, and two are threatened, Apuleia leiocarpa and Gleditsia amorphoides. An identification key, scientific illustrations and/or photographs with diagnostic characters of the taxa and comments on the geographical distribution are presented.

THE ESSENTIAL CONTRIBUTION OF CAPTIVE SUMATRAN ELEPHANT IN ELEPHANT TRAINING CENTER, WAY KAMBAS NATIONAL PARK FOR WILDLIFE GENETICS CONSERVATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elly Lestari Rustiati ◽  
Priyambodo Priyambodo ◽  
Yanti Yulianti ◽  
Eko Agus Srihanto ◽  
Dian Neli Pratiwi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Conservation Effort ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wildlife Genetics ◽  
Way Kambas National Park ◽  
Human Conflict ◽  
Essential Contribution

Way Kambas National Park (WKNP) is home of five protected big mammals including sumatran elephants.  It shares its border with 22 of 37 villages surrounding the national park.  Understanding their existence in the wild is a priority, and  wildlife genetics is a crucially needed. Besides poaching and habitat fragmentation, wildlife-human conflict is one big issue.  Elephant Training Center (ETC) in WKNP is built for semi in-situ conservation effort on captive sumatran elephants that mainly have conflict histories with local people.  Participative observation and bio-molecular analysis were conducted to learn the importance of captive Sumatran elephant for conservation effort.  Through captive sumatran elephants, database and applicable methods are expected to be developed supporting the conservation of their population in the wild.  Participative observation and molecular identification was carried on captive sumatran elephants in ETC, WKNP under multiple year Terapan grant of Ministry of Research and Technology Higher Education, Indonesia. Gene sequence and cytological analyses showed that the captive sumatran elephants are closely related and tend to be domesticated.  Translocation among ETC to avoid inbreeding, and maintaining the captive sumatran elephant as natural as possible are highly recommended. Developing genetic database can be a reference for both captive and wild sumatran elephants.

The Role of Zoos in Tree Kangaroo Conservation: Connecting Ex Situ and In Situ Conservation Action

2021 ◽  
pp. 329-361
Author(s):  
Karin R. Schwartz ◽  
Onnie Byers ◽  
Philip Miller ◽  
Jacque Blessington ◽  
Brett Smith
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Action

Transforming the wetland conservation system in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1469
Author(s):  
Ziliang Guo ◽  
Weiwei Liu ◽  
Manyin Zhang ◽  
Yuguang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Wetland Conservation ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Identity Cards ◽  
Management Functions

Wetland conservation has gradually improved worldwide. In situ conservation is effective in protecting valuable wetlands. Here, we review the expansion, reformation and problems associated with wetland conservation in China. The wetland conservation system in China comprises a wetland protected area network (nature reserves, wetland parks, urban wetland parks, aquatic germplasm reserves and special marine reserves) and a wetland grading system. Following rapid expansion, national wetland protected areas cover 4.78% of the country. At the same time, a wetland grading system that categorises the importance of wetlands has expanded to 13 provinces. However, reforming wetlands, including improving the role of wetlands, adjusting departmental responsibility, reforming conservation systems and implementing comprehensive wetland conservation regimes, is somewhat arduous and complicated at present. Although these changes have contributed to wetland conservation in China, the wetland conservation system still faces considerable problems because of a lack of uniform and efficient regulations. Management functions and spatial scope overlap in different systems, and there is a disconnect between resource management and law enforcement. A unified legal system and wetland identity cards should be established, with stronger law enforcement. Synergy between wetland conservation systems should improve, innovative wetland conservation mechanisms should be used and better coordination among different protection systems is needed.

Role of Home Garden for In-Situ Conservation of Agro-Biodiversity: A Case Study of Dhari Block, District Nainital, Kumaun Region of Uttarakhand

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-180
Author(s):  
Vandana Tiwari ◽  
Kuldeep Negi ◽  
Rajni Rawat ◽  
Puran Mehta ◽  
Subhash Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Elderly Persons

Since time immemorial, the natives were growing and maintaining plant diversity in the vicinity of dwelling places which is popularly known as Home Garden. The present study was conducted to assess role of home garden for in-situ conservation of plant diversity in Dhari Block, district Nainital, Uttarakhand with the major aim of understanding the plant diversity available especially with respect to the home gardens and role of vice-versa in their day to day life. With the help of questionnaire and survey, the information was collected from six villages i.e., Chaukuta, Dhanachuli, Gajar, Kasiyalekh, Podiyal and Pokhrar. Information regarding the occurrence of plant species, their local names, parts used and formulation through interviews and discussions held with elderly persons of rural communities were recorded. The study documented 93 plant species belonging to 79 genera and 51 families ranging from forestry to horticulture and agriculture including ethno-medicinal plants as grown in the home gardens and these plant species were used for multiple purposes i.e., Cereals, Fire woods, Fodders, Fruits, Leafy vegetables, Ornamentals, Pseudo-cereals, Spices, Vegetables and other cultural significance. These observations indicated that home garden play a important role in food security and in-situ conservation of agri-horticultural plants.

scholarly journals Bring the captive closer to the wild: redefining the role of ex situ conservation

Oryx ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana J. Pritchard ◽  
John E. Fa ◽  
Sara Oldfield ◽  
Stuart R. Harrop
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
International Regulation ◽  
Extinction Rates ◽  
Hybrid Approaches ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Effective Integration

AbstractIn situ conservation is central to contemporary global biodiversity protection and is the predominant emphasis of international regulation and funding strategies. Ex situ approaches, in contrast, have been relegated to a subsidiary role and their direct contributions to conservation have been limited. We draw on a variety of sources to make the case for an enhanced role for ex situ conservation. We note the advances occurring within institutions specializing in ex situ conservation and stress that, although much remains to be done, many constraints are being addressed. We argue that the evidence of increasing extinction rates, exacerbated by climate change, challenges the wisdom of a heavy dependence on in situ strategies and necessitates increased development of ex situ approaches. A number of different techniques that enable species and their habitats to survive should now be explored. These could build on the experience of management systems that have already demonstrated the effective integration of in situ and ex situ techniques and hybrid approaches. For organizations specializing in ex situ conservation to become more effective, however, they will require tangible support from the institutions of global biodiversity governance. Resistance is anticipated because in situ conservation is entrenched through powerful groups and organizations that exert influence on global conservation policy and facilitate the flow of funding. The chasm that has traditionally divided in situ and ex situ approaches may diminish as approaches are combined. Moreover, the relentless loss of the ‘wild’ may soon render the in situ / ex situ distinction misleading, or even obsolete.

scholarly journals Applications of veterinary medicine to in situ conservation efforts

Oryx ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
William B. Karesh ◽  
Robert A. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
New Species ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Public Scrutiny ◽  
Conservation Projects

Wildlife conservation efforts are increasingly faced with declining, overcrowded or fragmented populations, environmental contamination, and the introduction of new species of either competitors or pathogens. These efforts are coming under increased public scrutiny in their attempt to balance human social and economic needs with those of wildlife. The integration of veterinary medicine as part of a multidisciplinary approach to conservation can assist in the successful planning, implementation and evaluation of conservation projects. Beyond the role of immobilizing animals, veterinarians can contribute to assessing and monitoring the health of wild populations, and can train others in modern approaches to working with and caring for wildlife.

scholarly journals FLORISTIC STUDY OF MEKONGGA PROTECTED FOREST: TOWARDS ESTABLISHMENT OF THE MEKONGGA NATIONAL PARK

REINWARDTIA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Anita Widjaja ◽  
Daniel Potter
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
New Records ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Floristic Study ◽  
Time Of Collection

Mekongga is one of the highest mountains in Southeast Sulawesi. The Mekongga region was declared as protected forest in 1994, after logging had been done in this area. A floristic study of this forest was conducted from 2009 through 2011 by visiting the area twice a year, once each during the dry and wet seasons, and collecting specimens from the flowering and fruiting plants. Other species were also recorded, but most of them cannot be identified because the plants were too young or were not in flower or fruit at the time of collection.  Specimens of 855 species in 155 families were collected, of which 5% (44 species) are endemic to Sulawesi and 11% (91 species) are introduced species from China, South America, India, or even Madagascar.  In addition, new records for Sulawesi were collected from Mekongga for species originally recorded from Java (50 species), Malaysia (35 species), the Philippines (28 species), New Guinea (14 species), Sumatera (13 species), Borneo (11 species), Moluccas (4 species), and the Lesser Sunda Islands (3 species). Based on these data, it seems that species have mostly migrated to Mekongga from Java, then from Malaysia and the Philippines. More than 10 new species are proposed from this area, including a bamboo (Poaceae) and members of the families Orchidaceae, Gesneriaceae, Melastomataceae, Myrtaceae, and Araliaceae. Further study of the floristic account will be done, which can be used as baseline data in support of an important proposal to designate the Mekongga area as a national park.

scholarly journals The Role of Motivations in the Segmentation of Ecotourism Destinations: A Study from Costa Rica

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9818
Author(s):  
Mauricio Carvache-Franco ◽  
Wilmer Carvache-Franco ◽  
Ana Gabriela Víquez-Paniagua ◽  
Orly Carvache-Franco ◽  
Allan Pérez-Orozco
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
National Park ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
National Wildlife Refuge ◽  
Self Development ◽  
Ecological Importance

In recent years, the interests and motivations of tourists for nature and leisure have increased. The objectives of this study include following: (i) identifying the underlying variables or motivational dimensions in ecotourism; and (ii) analyzing the demand segmentation in ecotourism. This empirical study was conducted in The Arenal National Park and The Caño Negro National Wildlife Refuge in Costa Rica, a country with ecological importance for ecotourism. The sample consisted of 310 surveys obtained in situ. For data analysis, factor analysis and a non-hierarchical K-means segmentation were performed. In the study, seven motivational dimensions in ecotourism were obtained, such as “Self-development”, “Interpersonal relationships and ego-defensive function”, “Nature”, “Building personal relationships”, “Rewards” and “Escape”. Moreover, the characteristics of the different segments are established according to their motivations; thus, there are three segments of ecotourists: “Reward and escape”, “Multiple motives” and “Nature”. The findings of this research provide management guides to public institutions and information for companies for developing products according to demand.

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