scholarly journals Complex mating behavior in Adelosgryllus rubricephalus (Orthoptera, Phalangopsidae, Grylloidea)

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edison Zefa ◽  
Luciano de P. Martins ◽  
Neucir Szinwelski
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Hind Tibia ◽  
Receptive Female ◽  
Behavioral Sequence ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Guarding Behavior ◽  
End To End ◽  
Sexual Recognition ◽  
Mating Sequence

We describe the mating behavior of Adelosgryllus rubricephalus Mesa & Zefa, 2004. In trials carried out in laboratory we verified the following mating sequence: (1) sexual recognition by antennation; (2) courtship with male turning his abdomen towards the female, performing mediolateral antennae vibration, jerking its body antero-posteriorly and stridulating intermittently, while receptive female drums on the male's abdomen tip, cerci and hind-tibia with her palpi or foretarsi; the male then stops and stays motionless for some seconds, extrudes the spermatophore and both restart the behavioral sequence described above; (3) copulation: male underneath female; with his tegmina inclined forward, and joins his genitalia to the female's to promote sperm transference ; the female steps off the male, occurring a brief end-to-end position; (4) postcopulation: without guarding behavior; male retains the spermatophore and eats it. We quantified elapsed time of each behavioral sequence and discussed its implications in the observed mating behavior.

The complex communication signals in the mating behavior of the tropical cricket Cranistus colliurides Stål, 1861 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea; Trigonidiidae: Phylloscyrtini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4623 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELLIOTT CENTENO ◽  
EDISON ZEFA
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Forest Edge ◽  
Behavioral Sequence ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Evolutionary Time ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Substrate Vibration ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Mating Sequence

Cricket mating behavior reflects different strategies developed by sexual selection throughout evolutionary time. To our knowledge, only one species of the Neotropical cricket Trigonidiinae had its mating behavior studied so far. Here we expand this knowledge by describing the mating behavior of Cranistus colliurides Stål, 1861, a cricket commonly found in bushes and grasses along open fields or the forest edge. Adult crickets were collected in the municipality of Capão do Leão, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Trials were carried out in laboratory to characterize the mating sequence. We quantified elapsed time of each behavioral sequence and discussed its implications in the observed mating behavior. The males of C. colliurides attracted females by means of a continuous trill, and receptive female triggers the beginning of the courtship through antennation. During courtship, copulation and post-copulatory actions, males showed a complex communication system based on information send to female by substrate vibration and an elaborated repertoire composed by calling, courtship and post-copulatory song. The mating behavior here described reveals divergence between related species hitherto studied which give us clues to understand how the sexual selection shaped the complex behaviors exhibited by Trigonidiinae crickets presently. 

scholarly journals A unique mating pattern of Panorpodes kuandianensis (Mecoptera: Panorpodidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Tong ◽  
Lu Jiang ◽  
Bao-Zhen Hua
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Sexual Conflict ◽  
Sperm Transfer ◽  
Nuptial Gift ◽  
Mating Pattern ◽  
End To End ◽  
Mating Behaviors ◽  
First Time

Sexually reproductive insects exhibit diverse mating behaviors. However, the mating pattern remains unknown for Panorpodes of Panorpodidae to date. In this study, we investigated the mating behavior and copulatory mechanism of the short-faced scorpionfly Panorpodes kuandianensis Zhong, Zhang and Hua, 2011 for the first time. The results show that the male provides a salivary mass as a nuptial gift to the female and starts to copulate with the female in a V-shaped position, then changes to an end-to-end position by temporarily twisting the female abdominal segments VII−IX by 180°. During mating the basal processes and the basal teeth of the gonostyli and the hypandrium are used to obtain copulation and sustain the coupling of genitalia to secure successful sperm transfer. This unique mating pattern is greatly different from that of other Mecoptera reported and is likely evolved as an adaptation in the context of sexual conflict.

scholarly journals Distributed Channel Ranking Scheduling Function for Dense Industrial 6TiSCH Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1593
Author(s):  
Ismael Amezcua Valdovinos ◽  
Patricia Elizabeth Figueroa Millán ◽  
Jesús Arturo Pérez-Díaz ◽  
Cesar Vargas-Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filtering ◽  
Bandwidth Allocation ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Allocation Mechanism ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Packet Arrival ◽  
End To End ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4E ◽  
Number Of Cells

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is considered a key enabler for Industry 4.0. Modern wireless industrial protocols such as the IEEE 802.15.4e Time-Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) deliver high reliability to fulfill the requirements in IIoT by following strict schedules computed in a Scheduling Function (SF) to avoid collisions and to provide determinism. The standard does not define how such schedules are built. The SF plays an essential role in 6TiSCH networks since it dictates when and where the nodes are communicating according to the application requirements, thus directly influencing the reliability of the network. Moreover, typical industrial environments consist of heavy machinery and complementary wireless communication systems that can create interference. Hence, we propose a distributed SF, namely the Channel Ranking Scheduling Function (CRSF), for IIoT networks supporting IPv6 over the IEEE 802.15.4e TSCH mode. CRSF computes the number of cells required for each node using a buffer-based bandwidth allocation mechanism with a Kalman filtering technique to avoid sudden allocation/deallocation of cells. CRSF also ranks channel quality using Exponential Weighted Moving Averages (EWMAs) based on the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Background Noise (BN) level measurements, and the Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) metrics to select the best available channel to communicate. We compare the performance of CRSF with Orchestra and the Minimal Scheduling Function (MSF), in scenarios resembling industrial environmental characteristics. Performance is evaluated in terms of PDR, end-to-end latency, Radio Duty Cycle (RDC), and the elapsed time of first packet arrival. Results show that CRSF achieves high PDR and low RDC across all scenarios with periodic and burst traffic patterns at the cost of increased end-to-end latency. Moreover, CRSF delivers the first packet earlier than Orchestra and MSF in all scenarios. We conclude that CRSF is a viable option for IIoT networks with a large number of nodes and interference. The main contributions of our paper are threefold: (i) a bandwidth allocation mechanism that uses Kalman filtering techniques to effectively calculate the number of cells required for a given time, (ii) a channel ranking mechanism that combines metrics such as the PDR, RSSI, and BN to select channels with the best performance, and (iii) a new Key Performance Indicator (KPI) that measures the elapsed time from network formation until the first packet reception at the root.

Mating behavior and acoustic communication of the long-legged cricket Endecous (Notendecous) onthophagus (Berg, 1891) from Southern Brazil (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4743 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
RIULER CORRÊA ACOSTA ◽  
VITOR FALCHI TIMM ◽  
NEUCIR SZINWELSKI ◽  
MARIA KÁTIA MATIOTTI DA COSTA ◽  
EDISON ZEFA
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Copulatory Behavior ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Behavioral Diversity ◽  
Guarding Behavior ◽  
Spermatophore Transfer ◽  
Copulatory Position

The courtship, copulation and post-copulatory behavior, as well as acoustic communication of the Neotropical cricket Endecous (Notendecous) onthophagus is described under laboratory conditions and compared with other phalangopsids whose mating system was studied so far. We found that E. onthophagus present predictable mating sequences including seven events: (1) prolonged courtship; (2) male spermatophore extrusion during courtship; (3) female-above copulatory position; (4) prolonged copulation; (5) male forewings flipped over his head, exposing metanotal region along copulation; (6) copulation without spermatophore transfer; and (7) absence of guarding behavior. We suggest these events (1 to 7) as a behavioral line shared by phalangopsids, and we highlight variations that reflect the behavioral diversity of these crickets. The males of E. onthophagus produce the calling song (chirps) to attract females to mate, and also stridulates intermittently during the entire courtship period with distinct acoustic parameters during the stages of pre- and post-spermatophore extrusion. 

Electrical Stimulation of the Basal Forebrain and Mating Behavior in Male Rats

1972 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
David Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Mating Sequence ◽  
Stimulation Of

Male rats were given brain stimulation before, during, and after copulation. Stimulation before mating improved performance while stimulation after mating improved the initiation of the next mating sequence. Stimulation during mating interfered with sexual behavior. It was concluded that stimulation during a mating sequence disrupts copulation, without being aversive, while stimulation outside of the sequence can improve mating in rats.

Mating in the gastropod mollusk Aeolidia papillosa: behavior and anatomy

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison J. Longley ◽  
Roger D. Longley
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Sensory Input ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Sperm Transfer ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gastropod Mollusk ◽  
Reproductive Anatomy ◽  
Mating Sequence ◽  
Three Phases

Mating behavior and related reproductive anatomy were studied in the hermaphroditic gastropod Aeolidia papillosa. This species is androdiaulic, not triaulic as previously reported, since one duct serves for both egg laying and sperm reception. Aeolidia papillosa is unusual among the larger opisthobranchs in that its mating is of short duration and can be readily elicited in the laboratory. The form and continuity of the mating sequence appears to be mediated by sensory input, with mouth contact playing an important role. This sequence, which ends with reciprocal sperm transfer, was divided into three phases whose duration could be objectively timed. The transition to the copulatory phase, which completes the behavior, is associated with the mutual proximity of a previously undescribed projection between the male and female openings. The duration of this phase is positively correlated with animal weight but is unaffected by the time since the last mating. Spermatozoa sufficient for 10 or more copulations are present in the ampulla (about 4 × 108 per ampulla); hence copulation time is probably determined by neural timing circuitry which acts independently of the availability of autosperms.

Surgical management of extracranial carotid artery aneurysms

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Paweł Skóra ◽  
Jacek Kurcz ◽  
Krzysztof Korta ◽  
Przemysław Szyber ◽  
Tadeusz Andrzej Dorobisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Minor Stroke ◽  
Stroke Rate ◽  
Extracranial Carotid Artery ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
End To End ◽  
Dacron Patch ◽  
Major Stroke

Abstract. Background: We present the methods and results of the surgical management of extracranial carotid artery aneurysms (ECCA). Postoperative complications including early and late neurological events were analysed. Correlation between reconstruction techniques and morphology of ECCA was assessed in this retrospective study. Patients and methods: In total, 32 reconstructions of ECCA were performed in 31 symptomatic patients with a mean age of 59.2 (range 33 - 84) years. The causes of ECCA were divided among atherosclerosis (n = 25; 78.1 %), previous carotid endarterectomy with Dacron patch (n = 4; 12.5 %), iatrogenic injury (n = 2; 6.3 %) and infection (n = 1; 3.1 %). In 23 cases, intervention consisted of carotid bypass. Aneurysmectomy with end-to-end suture was performed in 4 cases. Aneurysmal resection with patching was done in 2 cases and aneurysmorrhaphy without patching in another 2 cases. In 1 case, ligature of the internal carotid artery (ICA) was required. Results: Technical success defined as the preservation of ICA patency was achieved in 31 cases (96.9 %). There was one perioperative death due to major stroke (3.1 %). Two cases of minor stroke occurred in the 30-day observation period (6.3 %). Three patients had a transient hypoglossal nerve palsy that subsided spontaneously (9.4 %). At a mean long-term follow-up of 68 months, there were no major or minor ipsilateral strokes or surgery-related deaths reported. In all 30 surviving patients (96.9 %), long-term clinical outcomes were free from ipsilateral neurological symptoms. Conclusions: Open surgery is a relatively safe method in the therapy of ECCA. Surgical repair of ECCAs can be associated with an acceptable major stroke rate and moderate minor stroke rate. Complication-free long-term outcomes can be achieved in as many as 96.9 % of patients. Aneurysmectomy with end-to-end anastomosis or bypass surgery can be implemented during open repair of ECCA.

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