scholarly journals Infection by Mycobacterium leprae of household contacts of lepromatous leprosy patients from a post-elimination leprosy region of Colombia

2005 ◽  
Vol 100 (7) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora M Cardona-Castro ◽  
Sandra Restrepo-Jaramillo ◽  
Myriam Gil de la Ossa ◽  
Patrick J Brennan
2011 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 742-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehervani Chaduvula ◽  
A. Murtaza ◽  
Namita Misra ◽  
N. P. Shankar Narayan ◽  
V. Ramesh ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTLsr2 protein ofMycobacterium lepraewas shown earlier to elicit B and T cell responses in leprosy patients (20, 28). Lymphoproliferation toM. lepraeand Lsr2 antigens was observed in >70% of tuberculoid (T) patients and in 16 and 34% of lepromatous (L) patients, respectively. We focused on theM. lepraenonresponders in the lepromatous group using 22 synthetic Lsr2 peptides (end-to-end peptides A to F and overlapping peptides p1 to p16) inin vitroT cell responses. A total of 125 leprosy and 13 tuberculosis patients and 19 healthy controls from the area of endemicity (here, healthy controls, or HC) were investigated. The highest responses were observed (67 to 100%) in HC for all peptides except p1 to p3, and the lowest was observed in tuberculosis patients. Significant differences in lymphoproliferation were observed in T, L, and HC groups (analysis of variance [ANOVA],P= 0.000 to 0.015) for all end-to-end peptides except B and for p5 and p7 to p10. Hierarchical recognition between lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy was noted for p8 (P< 0.05) and between the HC and L groups for p7 to p10, p15, and p16 (P< 0.005 toP< 0.02). Significant lymphoproliferation was observed to peptides A to F and p1 to p9, p11, p12, p15, p16 (P= 0.000 to 0.001) with 40% responding to peptides C and p16 in L patients. Lepromatous patients also showed significantly higher levels of a gamma interferon (IFN-γ) response to peptide C than to other peptides (P< 0.05). Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II bias for peptide recognition was not observed. These studies indicate that Lsr2 has multiple T cell epitopes that inducein vitroT cell responses in the highly infective lepromatous leprosy patients.


1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1953-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ji ◽  
P Jamet ◽  
S Sow ◽  
E G Perani ◽  
I Traore ◽  
...  

Fifty-one lepromatous leprosy patients, all of whom had relapsed after previous dapsone (DDS) monotherapy, were treated between 1990 and 1991 with 600 mg of rifampin (RMP) plus 400 mg of ofloxacin (OFLO) daily for 4 weeks, and the great majority of the patients were followed up at least once a year after completion of the treatment. After only 173 patient-years of follow-up, 5 relapses had been detected; the overall relapse rate was 10.0% (confidence limits, 1.7 and 18.3%), or 2.9 relapses (confidence limits, 0.4 and 5.4) per 100 patient-years. The unacceptably high relapse rate indicated that 4 weeks of treatment with daily RMP-OFLO was unable to reduce the number of viable Mycobacterium leprae organisms to a negligible level. In addition, the M. leprae from one of the relapses were proved to have multiple resistance to DDS, RMP, and OFLO. To avoid further relapses, the follow-up was terminated and the great majority of the patients were retreated with the standard 2-year multidrug therapy from 1994. No further relapse has been diagnosed since the beginning of retreatment.


2004 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 275-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Om Parkash ◽  
Hari Bhan Singh ◽  
Subha Rai ◽  
Archna Pandey ◽  
Vishwa Mohan Katoch ◽  
...  

We have searched for Mycobacterium leprae DNA for 36kDa protein in urine using a M. leprae specific PCR technique. A limited number of 16 patients (of which 11 belonged to lepromatous leprosy and five to tuberculoid leprosy) and eight healthy individuals were included for the present study. The number of urine samples positive by PCR were 36.4% (4/11) in lepromatous patients and 40% (2/5) in tuberculoid patients. None of the samples from healthy individuals was positive. To our knowledge, the results indicate, for the first time, the presence of M. leprae DNA in urine from leprosy patients. Another important finding obtained out of the study is that amongst treated patients 66.6% (4/6) were positive whereas amongst untreated only 20% (2/10) were positive. From the present indicative data it appears that treatment improves the PCR results with urine as a sample. Thus, the approach could prove to be useful for monitoring the treatment response of individual patients and needs to be further evaluated with a large number of patients.


2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 14479-14487 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Pinho ◽  
P.M.S. Rivas ◽  
M.B.P. Mendes ◽  
R.E.P. Soares ◽  
G.C. Costa ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kidist Bobosha ◽  
Jolien J. van der Ploeg-van Schip ◽  
Danuza A. Esquenazi ◽  
Marjorie M. Guimarães ◽  
Marcia V. Martins ◽  
...  

The stable incidence of new leprosy cases suggests that transmission of infection continues despite worldwide implementation of MDT. Thus, specific tools are needed to diagnose early stageMycobacterium lepraeinfection, the likely sources of transmission.M. lepraeantigens that induce T-cell responses inM. lepraeexposed and/or infected individuals thus are major targets for new diagnostic tools. Previously, we showed that ML1601c was immunogenic in patients and healthy household contacts (HHC). However, some endemic controls (EC) also recognized this protein. To improve the diagnostic potential, IFN-γresponses to ML1601c peptides were assessed using PBMC from Brazilian leprosy patients and EC. Five ML1601c peptides only induced IFN-γin patients and HHC. Moreover, 24-hour whole-blood assay (WBA), two ML1601c peptides could assess the level ofM. lepraeexposure in Ethiopian EC. Beside IFN-γ, also IP-10, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MCP-1 were increased in EC from areas with high leprosy prevalence in response to these ML1601c peptides. Thus, ML1601c peptides may be useful for differentiatingM. lepraeexposed or infected individuals and can also be used to indicate the magnitude ofM. lepraetransmission even in the context of various HLA alleles as present in these different genetic backgrounds.


Acta Tropica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana V.C. Nicchio ◽  
Sergio Araujo ◽  
Lorraine C. Martins ◽  
Andressa V. Pinheiro ◽  
Daniela C. Pereira ◽  
...  

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