scholarly journals Desenvolvimento e fitossanidade de ameixeiras tratadas com silício em sistema orgânico

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1059-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Girotto Martins Ferreira ◽  
Renato Vasconcelos Botelho ◽  
Cacilda Márcia Duarte Rios Faria ◽  
Milena Aparecida Ferrari Mateus ◽  
Welton Luiz Zaluski
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Grapholita Molesta ◽  
Xanthomonas Arboricola

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do silício (Si) aplicado via pulverização foliar em ameixeiras cv. Pluma 7, para o controle da bacteriose (Xanthomonas arborícola pv. pruni), mariposa oriental (Grapholita molesta) e pulgão-verde (Myzus persicae), bem como no desenvolvimento das plantas, em sistema orgânico de produção. Para o ensaio, foi utilizado o produto comercial AgriSil® (98% de SiO2). O experimento foi conduzido em Guarapuava-PR, durante dois ciclos consecutivos (2010/2011 e 2011/2012). As doses utilizadas foram: 0; 1; 2;4 e 8 g L-1 do produto comercial, aplicadas quinzenalmente. Nos dois ciclos de avaliação, foram observadas reduções de até 85% na incidência da bacteriose com efeito quadrático das doses de silício. Os danos causados pela mariposa oriental, o número de pulgões, o diâmetro e o comprimento de ramos das plantas de ameixeira não foram significativamente influenciados pelas aplicações de SiO2. Quanto ao teor de Si foliar, observou-se efeito linear positivo em função das doses de Si.

Green peach aphid and potato leafroll virus: transmission and control

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Bagrov ◽  
◽  
V.I. Leunov
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Potato Leafroll Virus ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Tuber Necrosis ◽  
Aphid Vectors ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
And Control

The mechanisms of transmission of potato viruses from plants to aphid vectors and from aphids to uninfected plants are described, including the example of the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae, GPA). Factors affecting the spreading of tuber necrosis and its manifestation on plants infected with potato leafroll virus (PLRV) are discussed. Recommendations for PLRV and GPA control in the field are given.

Динамика численности и видовой состав тлей на посадках семенного картофеля в Ленинградской области

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Тамара Алексеевна Шелабина ◽  
Марина Николаевна Берим
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Aphis Nasturtii

Существенным элементом в комплексе специальных и агротехнических приемов, направленных на ограничение распространения вирусной инфекции, является мониторинг численности, динамики и видового состава тлей, мигрирующих в посадках оригинального картофеля. Двухлетний мониторинг (2016 – 2017 гг.) на опытных полях Гатчинского района Ленинградской области проведен с использованием желтых водных ловушек Мёрике. Изучены количество тлей, сроки их миграции на посадки картофеля, сроки наступления пика численности. Наибольшее влияние на насекомых оказывала среднесуточная температура воздуха. За сезон наблюдений отловлено: в 2016 г. — 481 крылатая особь 31 вида, в 2017 г. — 131 особь 30 видов. Доля возможных переносчиков вирусов картофеля от общего числа зарегистрированных крылатых тлей составила в 2016 г. 14,8 %, в 2017 г. — 32,8 %. Оценка скрытой зараженности вирусной инфекцией (MBK, YBK вирусы) методом ИФА в 2015 – 2017 гг. показала, что на растениях картофеля сорта Ломоносовский скрытая зараженность составила 2,6 – 7,3 %, сорта Чародей — 1,9 – 13,3 %, сорта Невский — 0,8 – 10,5 %, сорта Романо — 4,1 – 9 %. Из известных переносчиков вирусов картофеля в оба года в энтомологических сборах с сосудов отмечены Aphis nasturtii — 6 – 12,2 %, Aphis fabae — 7,2 – 4,6 % от общего числа отловленных; Myzus persicae (13 %) в составе мигрирующей генерации тлей отмечены только в дождливом и прохладном 2017 г. В прогностических целях желательно пользоваться в регионе также данными со всасывающей ловушки, поскольку появление в ней насекомых отмечено на 10 – 12 дней раньше, чем на полях.

scholarly journals Parasitism rate of Myzus persicae (Sulzer) by Diaeretiella rapae (McIntosh) in the presence of an alternative, resistant host

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Evangelista Ferreira ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Sampaio ◽  
Reinaldo Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Heraldo Luís de Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Diaeretiella Rapae ◽  
Parasitism Rate

scholarly journals Comparative Genomics of Xanthomonaseuroxanthea and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis Strains Isolated from a Single Walnut Host Tree

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Camila Fernandes ◽  
Leonor Martins ◽  
Miguel Teixeira ◽  
Jochen Blom ◽  
Joël F. Pothier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Walnut Tree ◽  
Size Number ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Type 3 Secretion System ◽  
Xanthomonas Arboricola ◽  
Chromosomal Sequences ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Genome Comparisons

The recent report of distinct Xanthomonas lineages of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis and Xanthomonas euroxanthea within the same walnut tree revealed that this consortium of walnut-associated Xanthomonas includes both pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. As the implications of this co-colonization are still poorly understood, in order to unveil niche-specific adaptations, the genomes of three X. euroxanthea strains (CPBF 367, CPBF 424T, and CPBF 426) and of an X. arboricola pv. juglandis strain (CPBF 427) isolated from a single walnut tree in Loures (Portugal) were sequenced with two different technologies, Illumina and Nanopore, to provide consistent single scaffold chromosomal sequences. General genomic features showed that CPBF 427 has a genome similar to other X. arboricola pv. juglandis strains, regarding its size, number, and content of CDSs, while X. euroxanthea strains show a reduction regarding these features comparatively to X. arboricola pv. juglandis strains. Whole genome comparisons revealed remarkable genomic differences between X. arboricola pv. juglandis and X. euroxanthea strains, which translates into different pathogenicity and virulence features, namely regarding type 3 secretion system and its effectors and other secretory systems, chemotaxis-related proteins, and extracellular enzymes. Altogether, the distinct genomic repertoire of X. euroxanthea may be particularly useful to address pathogenicity emergence and evolution in walnut-associated Xanthomonas.

scholarly journals Direct and Indirect Effect via Endophytism of Entomopathogenic Fungi on the Fitness of Myzus persicae and Its Ability to Spread PLRV on Tobacco

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Junior Corneille Fingu-Mabola ◽  
Thomas Bawin ◽  
Frédéric Francis
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Metarhizium Acridum ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Leafroll Virus ◽  
Diverse Plant

Aphids are major crop pests that transmit more than half of all insect-vectored plant viruses responsible for high yield losses worldwide. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are biological control agents mainly used by foliar application to control herbivores, including sap-sucking pests such as aphids. Their ability to colonize plant tissues and to interact with diverse plant pathogenic microorganisms have been reported. In our study, we evaluated the effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana ((Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin) directly applied by contact or/and indirectly via endophytism in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) against the virus vector Myzus persicae (Sulzer) carrying the Potato leafroll virus (PLRV) or not. We found that both contact treatment and endophytic colonization of leaves significantly increased aphid mortality and decreased the fecundity rate when compared to control plants. In addition, on fungal-colonized leaves, viruliferous aphids were more negatively impacted than virus-free ones and nymph mortality was significantly higher than on fungal-free plants. Furthermore, we assessed PLRV transmission by M. persicae on tobacco plants inoculated with either B. bassiana or Metarhizium acridum ((Driver and Milner) JF Bischoff, Rehner, and Humber) as source or/and recipient plants. Myzus persicae was found to acquire and transmit PLRV regardless of the treatment. Nevertheless, the infection rate of endophytically colonized plants was lower at a seven-day incubation period and had increased to almost 100% after fifteen days. These results suggest that B. bassiana is effective against aphids, both by contact and via endophytism, and both B. bassiana and M. acridum delayed PLRV infection in tobacco.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document