scholarly journals Capacidade de combinação e heterose para resistência a Puccinia polysora Underw. em milho

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herberte Pereira da Silva ◽  
Mauricio Pires Machado Barbosa ◽  
Luciano Lourenço Nass ◽  
Luis Eduardo Aranha Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Puccinia Polysora

A resistência genética é o método mais eficiente de controle das doenças foliares da cultura do milho. Para avaliar a capacidade específica e geral de combinação (CEC e CGC, respectivamente) e heterose para resistência a Puccinia polysora, nove linhagens e seus 36 híbridos F1 foram utilizados em experimentos conduzidos em três ambientes. A severidade da doença foi avaliada na planta inteira (PI) e na folha posicionada no ponto de inserção da espiga principal (AFA). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com três repetições e a parcela experimental foi representada por uma fileira de 5 m de comprimento. A análise da variância para as reações a ferrugem polissora foram feitas usando a análise II do método de Gardner & Eberhart, associado ao método 4, modelo I de Griffing. A análise dialélica em diferentes ambientes mostrou efeitos altamente significativos (P<0,01) entre ambientes (E), CGC e CGC x E, para os dois métodos de avaliação. O efeito de CEC foi significativo para PI mas não significativo para AFA. A interação CEC x E não foi significativa para os dois métodos de avaliação. A CGC foi mais importante que CEC nas nove linhagens avaliadas, sugerindo que efeitos genéticos aditivos são mais importantes como fonte de variação para resistência a P. polysora. Foram encontrados efeitos heteróticos para resistência tanto em cruzamentos entre linhagens resistentes como entre suscetíveis, embora nestes últimos os efeitos tenham sido maiores. Identificaram-se combinações híbridas específicas entre linhagens com alto potencial para o controle genético deste patógeno.

scholarly journals Penampilan Varietas Jagung Unggul Baru Bermutu Protein Tinggi di Jawa dan Bali

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azrai
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Future Prospect ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Biomass Plant

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Study on the performance of two quality protein maize (QPM) varieties (Srikandi Putih-1 and Srikandi Kuning-1) plus two Indonesian open pollinated varieties (Bayu and Lamuru) was conducted at seven environments in Java and Bali. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Each variety was grown in a four-row plot with 5 m length, 75cm apart and 25 cm within row spacing and one plant per hill. Observations were made on yield, biomass, plant height, ear height, flowering dates, yield components, plant and ear aspect, husk cover, diseases incidence of Puccinia polysora and Helminthossporium maydis, protein contains, lysine, and tryptophan-amino acids contains. In general, Srikandi Putih-1 and Srikandi Kuning-1 varieties had a good adaptations under all environments. They contained nearly twice the lysine and tryptophan-amino acids compared to Bayu and Lamuru varieties. Therefore, they have future prospect for the development of protein synthesis in humans and monogastric animals.</p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian penampilan varietas jagung unggul baru bermutu protein tinggi (Srikandi Putih-1 dan Srikandi Kuning-1) dan dua varietas unggul nasional (Bayu dan Lamuru) telah dilaksanakan pada tujuh lokasi di Jawa dan Bali pada tahun 2003 sampai 2004. Penelitian ditata dalam percobaan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Setiap varietas ditanam pada petakan empat baris, panjang 5 m, jarak antar baris 75 cm, jarak dalam barisan 25 cm, dan ditumbuhkan satu tanaman per rumpun. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap hasil biji, biomas segar, tinggi tanaman, panjang tongkol, umur berbunga, komponen hasil, skor penampilan tanaman, penutupan kelobot, penyakit karat dan hawar daun, serta kandungan protein kasar, asam amino lisin, dan triptofan. Secara umum varietas Srikandi Putih-1 dan Srikandi Kuning-1 dapat beradaptasi baik pada semua lingkungan. Selain itu, kedua varietas tersebut mempunyai kandungan lisin dan triptofan hampir dua kali lipat dibandingkan dengan varietas Bayu dan Lamuru. Oleh karena itu, kedua varietas tersebut mempunyai prospek untuk dikembangkan sebagai sintesis protein pada ternak monogastrik dan manusia.</p>

scholarly journals Quantitative resistance loci to southern rust mapped in a temperate maize diversity panel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangchao Sun ◽  
Ravi V. Mural ◽  
Jonathan D. Turkus ◽  
James C. Schnable
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
Maize Diversity ◽  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
Candidate Loci

Southern rust is a severe foliar disease of maize (Zea mays) resulting from infection with the obligate biotrophic fungus Puccinia polysora. This disease reduces photosynthetic productivity, which in turn reduces yields, with the greatest yield losses (up to 50%) associated with earlier onset infections. P. polysora urediniospores overwinter only in tropical and subtropical regions but cause outbreaks when environmental conditions favor initial infection. Increased temperatures and humidity during the growing season combined with an increased frequency of moderate winters are likely to increase the frequency of severe southern rust outbreaks in the US corn belt. In summer 2020, a severe outbreak of southern rust was observed in eastern Nebraska (NE), USA. We scored a replicated maize association panel planted in Lincoln, NE for disease severity and found that disease incidence and severity showed significant variation among maize genotypes. Genome-wide association studies identified four loci associated with significant quantitative variation in disease severity. These loci were associated with candidate genes with plausible links to quantitative disease resistance. A transcriptome-wide association study identified additional genes associated with disease severity. Together, these results indicate that substantial diversity in resistance to southern rust exists among current temperate-adapted maize germplasm, including several candidate loci that may explain the observed variation in resistance to southern rust.

Puccinia polysora. [Distribution map].

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
French West Africa ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
Cocos Island

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Puccinia polysora Underw. Hosts: Maize (Zea mays). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Agalega Island, Benin, Cameroon, Chad, Congo, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, French Equitorial Africa, French West Africa, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Reunion, Rodriguez Island, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Asia, Brunei, China, Hainan Island, Christmas Island, India, West Bengal & Sikkim, Karnataka, Indonesia, Celebes, Java, West Irian, Japan, Kampuchea, Malaysia, Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak, Philippines, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, Queensland, Cocos Island, Fiji, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tonga Vanuatu, Western Samoa, North America, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Massachussetts, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, Central America & West Indies, Belize, Canal Zone, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Lucia, St Vincent, Trinidad & Tobago, South America, Bolivia, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Pennsylvania, Rio Grande do Sul, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela.

Puccinia polysora. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Laundon
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Tripsacum Dactyloides ◽  
Puccinia Polysora

Abstract A description is provided for Puccinia polysora. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Erianthus divaricatus, E. alopecuroides, Euchlaena mexicana, Tripsacum dactyloides (= T. monastachyum), T. lanceolatum, T. latifolium. T. laxum, T. pilosum, Zea mays. DISEASE: Rust of maize causing chlorosis and premature death of leaves and leaf-sheaths. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Tropical, South, and Madagascar), Asia (S.E.), Australia (Queensland), Australasia, N. America (S. and E.), Central America and W. Indies, S. America (N.) (CMI Map 237). TRANSMISSION: By air over relatively short distances (37: 657) and by infected or contaminated material via air transport over long distances (38: 591).

scholarly journals Temporal progress of southern rust in maize under different environmental conditions

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia V. Godoy ◽  
Lílian Amorim ◽  
Armando Bergamin Filho ◽  
Herbert P. Silva ◽  
Willian J. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Inflection Point ◽  
Gompertz Model ◽  
Disease Progress Curve ◽  
Disease Progress ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
The Mean

The progress of the severity of southern rust in maize (Zea mays) caused by Puccinia polysora was quantified in staggered plantings in different geographical areas in Brazil, from October to May, over two years (1995-1996 and 1996-1997). The logistic model, fitted to the data, better described the disease progress curves than the Gompertz model. Four components of the disease progress curves (maximum disease severity; area under the disease progress curve, AUDPC; area under the disease progress curve around the inflection point, AUDPCi; and epidemic rate) were used to compare the epidemics in different areas and at different times of planting. The AUDPC, AUDPCi, and the epidemic rate were analyzed in relation to the weather (temperature, relative humidity, hours of relative humidity >90%, and rainfall) and recorded during the trials. Disease severity reached levels greater than 30% in Piracicaba and Guaíra in the plantings between December and January. Lower values of AUDPC occurred in later plantings at both locations. The epidemic rate was positively correlated (P < 0.05) with the mean daily temperatures and negatively correlated with hours of relative humidity >90%. The AUDPC was not correlated with any weather variable. The AUDPCi was negatively related to both variables connected to humidity, but not to rain. Long periods (mostly >13 h day-1) of relative humidity >90% (that corresponded to leaf wetness) occurred in Castro. Severity of southern rust in maize has always been low in Castro, thus the negative correlations between disease and the two humidity variables.

scholarly journals Reação de híbridos comerciais de milho às ferrugens polissora e tropical

2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Garcia von Pinho ◽  
Magno Antônio Patto Ramalho ◽  
Ivan Carvalho Resende ◽  
Herberte Pereira Silva ◽  
Gilberto Pozar
Keyword(s):  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
Linear B

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar o nível de resistência de oito híbridos comerciais de milho aos patógenos Puccinia polysora Underw e Physopella zeae (Mains) Cummins e Ramachar, e comparar a eficiência dos métodos da área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD) e dos parâmetros de estabilidade fenotípica, na avaliação dessa resistência. Em quatro ambientes nas regiões Sudeste e Centro-Oeste do Brasil foram realizadas cinco avaliações da severidade das doenças, em intervalos de dez dias a partir dos 60 dias após a semeadura, utilizando uma escala diagramática com notas. Os parâmetros de estabilidade fenotípica estudados foram o coeficiente de regressão linear (b) entre a época de avaliação (x) e a severidade da doença (y) e o coeficiente de determinação (R²). No caso de P. polysora, ambos os métodos utilizados mostraram-se eficientes na discriminação do nível de resistência dos híbridos, permitindo a classificação de modo semelhante. Quanto a P. zeae, não houve boa concordância entre os dois métodos, especialmente porque a discriminação do nível de resistência entre híbridos não foi expressiva. Os híbridos mais resistentes a P. polysora foram Z 8392, C 909 e C 333, e os mais suscetíveis, P 3069, AG 9012 e C 956. Os destaques, em termos de resistência a P. zeae, foram C 909 e C 333, e os híbridos mais suscetíveis, P 3069 e AG 9012.

scholarly journals Identification and fine‐mapping of RppCML496 , a major QTL for resistance to Puccinia polysora in maize

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Lv ◽  
Ce Deng ◽  
Xueying Li ◽  
Xiaodi Zhao ◽  
Huimin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
Major Qtl

Germinação de Esporos de Puccinia polysora por Extratos Aquosos de Mikania glomerata

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (sup) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Carvalho ◽  
C.A. Viecelli ◽  
L.B. Calixto ◽  
L.D. Barbieri ◽  
A.C. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
Mikania Glomerata

scholarly journals Resistance to Puccinia polysora in Maize Accessions

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 1489-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alicia Chávez-Medina ◽  
Norma E. Leyva-López ◽  
Jerald K. Pataky
Keyword(s):  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Slow Rusting ◽  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
Incomplete Resistance ◽  
Maize Resistance ◽  
Resistant Progeny

A number of potential sources of general and specific resistance to southern corn rust were identified from 1,890 plant introduction accessions that were screened for reactions to Puccinia polysora race 9. Resistance appeared to differ among four accessions on which uredinia were not observed in initial screenings. Resistance to P. polysora in PI 186215 (Argentine inbred 2-687) was a chlorotic fleck, hypersensitive reaction that was conditioned by a single, dominant gene that was allelic with or very closely linked to the Rpp9 gene based on tests of allelism. All but 3 of 2,357 testcross progeny, (inbred 2-687 × Rpp9) × PS were resistant. Resistance in Ames 19016 (Va59) was effective in F1 progeny and appeared to be dominant and simply inherited; however, this resistance appeared to be a slow-rusting or incomplete resistance that was effective in adult plants but not in young seedlings. Severity of southern rust was less than 10% on resistant progeny from crosses with Va59 compared with severity exceeding 70% on susceptible progeny. Resistance in plant introduction (PI) 186209 (Venezuelan flint) and NSL 75976 (IA DS61) were not effective in F1 hybrid combination and, thus, probably have limited value in commercial maize. Resistance in PI 186209 may be conditioned by a single recessive gene and resistance in NSL 75976 may be co-dominant.

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