scholarly journals Penampilan Varietas Jagung Unggul Baru Bermutu Protein Tinggi di Jawa dan Bali

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azrai
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Future Prospect ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Puccinia Polysora ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Biomass Plant

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Study on the performance of two quality protein maize (QPM) varieties (Srikandi Putih-1 and Srikandi Kuning-1) plus two Indonesian open pollinated varieties (Bayu and Lamuru) was conducted at seven environments in Java and Bali. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Each variety was grown in a four-row plot with 5 m length, 75cm apart and 25 cm within row spacing and one plant per hill. Observations were made on yield, biomass, plant height, ear height, flowering dates, yield components, plant and ear aspect, husk cover, diseases incidence of Puccinia polysora and Helminthossporium maydis, protein contains, lysine, and tryptophan-amino acids contains. In general, Srikandi Putih-1 and Srikandi Kuning-1 varieties had a good adaptations under all environments. They contained nearly twice the lysine and tryptophan-amino acids compared to Bayu and Lamuru varieties. Therefore, they have future prospect for the development of protein synthesis in humans and monogastric animals.</p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian penampilan varietas jagung unggul baru bermutu protein tinggi (Srikandi Putih-1 dan Srikandi Kuning-1) dan dua varietas unggul nasional (Bayu dan Lamuru) telah dilaksanakan pada tujuh lokasi di Jawa dan Bali pada tahun 2003 sampai 2004. Penelitian ditata dalam percobaan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Setiap varietas ditanam pada petakan empat baris, panjang 5 m, jarak antar baris 75 cm, jarak dalam barisan 25 cm, dan ditumbuhkan satu tanaman per rumpun. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap hasil biji, biomas segar, tinggi tanaman, panjang tongkol, umur berbunga, komponen hasil, skor penampilan tanaman, penutupan kelobot, penyakit karat dan hawar daun, serta kandungan protein kasar, asam amino lisin, dan triptofan. Secara umum varietas Srikandi Putih-1 dan Srikandi Kuning-1 dapat beradaptasi baik pada semua lingkungan. Selain itu, kedua varietas tersebut mempunyai kandungan lisin dan triptofan hampir dua kali lipat dibandingkan dengan varietas Bayu dan Lamuru. Oleh karena itu, kedua varietas tersebut mempunyai prospek untuk dikembangkan sebagai sintesis protein pada ternak monogastrik dan manusia.</p>

scholarly journals Trinexapac-ethyl application time in the crop corn agronomic performance grown under different plant arrangements

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 809-826
Author(s):  
Mariana Alves de Oliveira ◽  
◽  
Claudemir Zucareli ◽  
André Prechlak Barbosa ◽  
Leandro Teodoski Spolaor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Corn Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ear Height

Reduced row spacing promotes more uniform spatial distribution of plants in the field. However, the adoption of reduced row spacing only is possible with smaller plants, which may be obtained with the use of plant growth regulator. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of the first corn crop with Trinexapac-ethyl applied at the different plant development stages and grown under different row spacing, with the same plant population. The experiments were arranged in a split-plot randomized block design with four replications, with row spacing for the plots (0.45 and 0.90 m) and Trinexapac-ethyl (TE) application time to subplots (control without application, at the V3, V6, V9 and V12 phenological stages). The Trinexapacethyl application time interacted with row spacings changing the growth and yield performance of the corn crop. For 0.45 m spacing Trinexapac-ethyl application at V12 and for 0.90 m spacing application at V9 and V12 reduced plant height and ear height. Trinexapac-ethyl application at V9 for both row spacings changed the plant architecture without changing the ear length and grain yield.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Yield Components of New Sweet Corn Hybrids in Bogor, Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Devi Kurnia Aprilianti ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Infected Area ◽  
Ear Height

The demand of sweet corn in Indonesia has been increasing; therefore  breeding  efforts  are  aimed  for high yielding sweet corn varieties with superior quality. This research was aimed to evaluate the yield of five newly developed sweet corn hybrids compared to the commercial varieties. The research was conducted  at  the  Leuwikopo  experimental field of IPB, and Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB Darmaga campus from September to December 2015. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with three replications. Five new sweet corn hybrids, “ JM8 x JM2”, “JM8 x JM7”, “JM16  x  JM8”,  “JM17  x  JM6”  and  “JM17  x JM7”, and four commercial varieties, “Bonanza”, “Master Sweet”, “Sugar 75” and “Sweet Boy”, were tested. The results showed that the new hybrids vary in plant height, days to anthesis, days to silking, ear height, ear length, sugar content, number of kernel rows, the weight of husked ear, and number of ears per plant, downy mildew infected area, and productivity. F1 of “JM8 x JM2” has longer ears than “Master Sweet” and “Sugar 75”, higher sugar content than “Sugar 75”, and higher resistance against downy mildew than “Master Sweet” and “Sweet Boy”.

Combining ability and heterosis studies across environments in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sood ◽  
N. Kalia ◽  
S. Bhateria
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Parental Lines ◽  
Fibre Yield

Combining ability and heterosis were calculated for fourteen lines of linseed in a line × tester mating design using twelve lines and two diverse testers in two different environments. The hybrids and parental lines were raised in a completely randomized block design with three replications to investigate seed and fibre yield and their component traits. Genetic variation was significant for most of the traits over environments. Combining ability studies revealed that the lines KL-221 and LCK-9826 were good general combiners for seed yield and most of its components, whereas LMH-62 and LC-2323 were good general combiners for yield components only. Moreover, KL-221 was also a good general combiner for fibre yield. Similarly, B-509 and Ariane were good general combiners for fibre yield and most of its components. Among the specific cross combinations, B-509 × Flak-1 was outstanding for seed yield per plant and B-509 × KL-187 and LC-2323 × LCK-9826 for fibre yield per plant, with high SCA effects. In general, the hybrids excelled their respective parents and the standard checks for most of the characters studied. Based on the comparison of mean performance, SCA effects and the extent of heterosis, the hybrids LC-2323 × LCK-9826 and B-509 × KL-221 appeared to be the most promising for both seed and fibre yield. Other promising combinations were LC-2323 × KL-210 and B-509 × Ariane for seed and fibre yield, respectively. The superiority of LC-2323, LCK-9826, KL-221, B-509 and Ariane as good general combiners was further confirmed by the involvement of these parents in the desirable cross combinations.

Effectiveness of nitrogen and bio-fertilizer choice for improving growth and yield of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) during dry season

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309
Author(s):  
Sukanta Pal ◽  
Megha Sana ◽  
Hirak Banerjee ◽  
Lhingneikim Lhungdim
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Dry Seasons

Effect of nitrogen and bio-fertilizer on growth and productivity of hybrid rice (cv. PHB 71) was assessed during dry seasons of 2017 and 2018 at Research Farm of BCKV under new alluvial zone of West Bengal. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with 12 treatment combinations having 4 levels of N and 3 types of bio-fertilizer replicated thrice. Application at 180 kg N/ha produced tallest plants at 90 DAT with maximum LAI (60 DAT), DMA (90 DAT), tillers/hill (90 DAT) and CGR (30-60 & 60-90 DAT). The same N rate resulted in highest panicles/m2, panicle length, panicle weight, filled grains/panicle and 1000-grain weight. A decrease in N dose from 180 to 150 kg/ha caused reduction in all those yield components; however, the variation was non-significant except for number of panicles/m2. Maximum grain yield, straw yield and harvest index was also achieved with 180 kg N/ha accounting 120.1, 34.9 and 32.8% more than the values obtained with zero-N; however, it was statistically at par with the yields and HI obtained with 150 kg N/ha. The Azospirillum application increased all the growth parameters, yield components and yield of hybrid rice over other tested bio-fertilizers (Azospirillum > PSB > K mobilizer), accounting 5.9 and 8.8% more than the yields obtained with PSB and K mobilizer. The interaction of N and bio-fertilizer exerted significant effect on growth attributes but failed to record any significant variations in yield components and yield of hybrid rice. The maximum economic benefit was achieved with combined application of 180 kg N/ha and Azospirillum.

scholarly journals Nitrogen topdressing and application ways of fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen in weed control and agronomic performance of common bean

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 2301-2307 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATHEUS G. SILVA ◽  
ORIVALDO ARF ◽  
PAULO E. TEODORO
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Leaf N Content ◽  
Leaf N

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of interaction between nitrogen topdressing and different application ways (active ingredients) a.i. fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen in weed control and agronomic performance of common bean. The experiment was conducted during winter 2003 in Selvíria/MS. The experimental design used was a randomized block design with four replications in a factorial scheme 2x7. The first factor was composed by the absence or presence of nitrogen topdressing, while the second factor consisted of different application ways of fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen. The following variables were measured: leaf N content, dry matter of plants, yield components (number of pods plant-1, number of grains plant-1, the average number of grains pod-1 and mass of 100 grains), grain yield, phytotoxicity and weed control percentage. The nitrogen topdressing with 75 kg ha-1provided higher dry matter of plants, higher weed control and higher common bean yield of irrigated winter. In the absence of nitrogen topdressing in the application of urea before or together to fluazifop-p-butyl + fomesafen increased their effectiveness in controlling weeds without interference in the agronomic performance of common bean.

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of the 28 maize landraces in Paraná State

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Regina Silvestrin Rovaris ◽  
Pedro Mário de Araújo ◽  
Deoclécio Domingos Garbuglio ◽  
Cleber Vinicius Guiaretta de Azevedo ◽  
Cássio Egídio Cavenaghi Prete
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fixed Model ◽  
Maize Landraces ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Female Flowering

The characterization of maize landraces is extremely important in breeding programs for use of these genotypes as sources of genetic variability. The objective of this study was to quantitatively characterize 28 populations of maize landraces from the state of Paraná using the estimates of the effects of varieties and heterosis parents and the general combining ability, thereby assessing the main agronomic traits. In the crop of 2008/09, 56 inter-varietal hybrids, obtained through a topcross, 28 populations of maize landraces and three check varieties were evaluated for female flowering (FF), plant height (PH), ear height (EH) and grain mass (GY). The treatments were evaluated in a randomized block design, with two replications, at three Paraná State locations: the Experimental Center of the Agronomic Institute of Paraná in Londrina (IAPAR) and the experimental units of Pato Branco and Ponta Grossa. The data were submitted to an analysis of variance, considering a fixed model for genotypes and a random model for environments; the averages grouped by the Scott-Knott test, along with intersections of topcrosses, were analyzed according to a readapted model proposed by Oliveira et al. (1997). According to estimates of the parental effects, the GI 133 population showed the most promising estimates for all characteristics. The GI 088 and GI 173 populations stood out with promising estimates of the effects of heterosis. The conclusion is that the populations GI 133 and GI 173 may be indicated for recurrent selection programs or participation in obtaining composites.

scholarly journals Effect of spatial arrangement on the production components and yield of sunflower

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-222
Author(s):  
Francisco Thiago Coelho Bezerra ◽  
Alek Sandro Dutra ◽  
João Bosco Pitombeira
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Crop Cycle

ABSTRACT The sunflower plant is an oilseed crop that has aroused a great interest in the Brazilian and international scenery especillay because of the possibility of using its oil for biodiesel production. The objective of this study was to evaluate productivity and yield components of Embrapa 122 sunflower according to the spatial arrangement. Treatments were arranged in 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, which are the four spacings between rows (0.30; 0.50; 0.70 and 0.90 m) and four sowing densities (30,000; 45,000; 60,000 and 75,000 plants ha-1). The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized block design with four replications. The experiments were conducted in the experimental area of the Plant Science Department in Fortaleza, State of Ceará-Brazil and on the Curu Vale Experimental Farm in Pentecoste, State of Ceará-Brazil. Productivity and the following production components were analyzed in the end of the crop cycle: harvested capitula, capitulum diameter, capitulum mass, achene mass per capitulum, mass of 100 achenes, achenes per capitulum, harvest index and oil content in the achenes. The experiments were analyzed jointly in relation to the cropping area and the data submitted to analysis of variance and quantitative factors tested by polynomial regression. The variables, spacing, density and cropping area did not interact with these variables and the spatial arrangement of the plants affected only the components. The cropping area influences the productive behavior of sunflower Embrapa 122. The spatial arrangement of the plants of sunflower of variety Embrapa 122 influences yield components but does not affect productivity.

scholarly journals Planting Density and Soybean (Glycine max L.) Cultivars Effects on Yield Components in the Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Priscila Pereira Sacramento ◽  
Letícia Cunha da Hungria ◽  
Jamil Chaar El-Husny ◽  
Luis De Souza Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Glycine Max L

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density and cultivar of soybean on yield components in the southeast Amazon. The experiment was carried out in an Oxisol, with a randomized block design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. The treatments were two soybean cultivars (BRS 9090 RR and BRS 8990 RR) and four planting densities (13, 15, 18 and 20 plants m-1), with three replications. First pod insertion height (IFP), plant height (H), number of pods per plant (NPP), grain yield (Y) and weight of 100 grains (W100) were evaluated. The insertion height of the first pod showed a tendency of increase with the increment of plants per linear meter for cultivar BRS 8990 RR, different of the behavior observed for the cultivar BRS 9090 RR, which only showed difference when the density of 300.000 plants ha-1 was tested. For plant height, among soybean cultivars, there was only difference in D400, with BRS 8990 RR showing a maximum height of 83.3 cm, 21% higher than BRS 9090 RR. When evaluated under D350, BRS 8990 RR showed an increase of 13% in the number of pods compared to BRS 9090 RR. Both cultivars showed linear behavior for the grain yield, increasing according the plant population, with the highest grain yield obtained under the density of 400.000 plants ha-1 (4527.3 kg ha-1). The weight of 100 grains was not influenced by any variation factor.

scholarly journals Genetic variability of yield and its contributing characters on CIMMYT maize inbreds under drought stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Golam Azam ◽  
Umakanta Sarker ◽  
Maniruzzam ◽  
Bhagya Rani Banik
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Selection Of

This experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701 during the rabi season of 2010 with 25 maize inbred lines. Correlation and path coefficient analysis were done for yield and some other traits. Genotypic variations were observed for ear height and grains/row. The highest broad sense heritability (h2b) was observed for yield/plant followed by ear height and 1000- grain weight. Maximum genetic advance in percentage of mean (GA) was recorded for yield/plant (92.652) and ear height (75.87). The yield/plant showed significant positive genotypic correlation (rg) with cob diameter (0.440) and grains/row (0.265). Significant negative correlation was observed between ear height and yield and also for days to 50% tasseling. The highest direct positive effect was obtained for rows/cob. These studies suggest that cob diameter, row per cob, grains/row and ear height were the most important yield contributing factors and an attempt should, therefore, be made for an effective selection of these traits. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i3.21985 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(3): 419-426, September 2014

scholarly journals Heterosis performance in industrial and yield components of sweet corn

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aracelle Assunção ◽  
Edward Madureira Brasil ◽  
Jaison Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Américo José dos Santos Reis ◽  
André Ferreira Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Industrial Yield

Heterosis and its components were evaluated in a diallel crossing system of sweet corn. In the 38 treatments, eigth parents, 28 hybrids and two controls were used, arranged in a randomized block design with three replications.The diallel analysis followed the methodology of Gardner and Eberhart (1966). The following traits were evaluated: male and female flowering, plant and ear height, ear index (number of ears/number of plants), ºBrix, total ear weight, standard ear weight, industrial yield and total sugar content. There was genetic variability among genotypes, with significant differences except for the traits ear index, industrial yield and ºBrix.Heterosis was found for most traits. The mean heterosis of hybrids compared with the parents was positive for most traits. There was a contribution of additive and dominance effects.The contribution of dominant genes was greatest to flowering, plant and ear height and standard ear weight.

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