scholarly journals Routine soil testing to monitor heavy metals and boron

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 564-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleide Aparecida de Abreu ◽  
Bernardo van Raij ◽  
Mônica Ferreira de Abreu ◽  
Antonio Paz González
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Anthropogenic Inputs ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Farmland Soils

Microelements are an important issue in agriculture, due to their need as micronutrients for plants and also to the possibility of the build-up of toxic levels for plants and animals. Five micronutrients (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) are routinely determined in soil analysis for advisory purposes. Other four elements (Cd, Cr, Pb, and Ni) are considered environmentally important heavy metals in farmland soils. Thus high contents of these metals in cropland might go eventually unnoticed. In this paper we present an approach that can be used to monitor the contents of the nine elements in farmland soils using advisory soil testing. A total of 13,416 soil samples from 21 Brazilian states, 58% of them from the state of São Paulo, sent by farmers were analyzed. Boron was determined by hot water extraction and the other metals were determined by DTPA (pH 7.3) extraction. The ranges of content, given in mg dm-3 soil, were the following: B, 0.01-10.6; Cu, 0.1-56.2; Fe, 0.5-476; Mn, 1-325; Zn, 1-453; Cd, 0.00-3.43, Cr, 0.00-42.9; Ni, 0.00-65.1; Pb, 0.00-63.9. The respective average values for São Paulo were: B-0.32; Cu-2.5; Fe-36; Mn-16; Zn-4.8; Cd-0.02; Cr-0.03; Ni-0.18; Pb-0.85. For other states the results are in the same ranges. The higher values are indicative of anthropogenic inputs, either due to excess application of fertilizers or to industrial or mining activities. The conclusion is that massive chemical analysis of farmland soil samples could serve as a database for indicating potential micronutrient deficiency and excesses or heavy metal buil-up in croplands, allowing preventive actions to be taken.

scholarly journals Smectite in mangrove soils of the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valdomiro Severino de Souza-Júnior ◽  
Pablo Vidal-Torrado ◽  
Maria Teresa Garcia-González ◽  
Felipe Macías ◽  
Xosé Luis Otero
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Mangrove Soils

Smectitic clay minerals are frequently identified in mangrove soils, but there is little information about their types and origins. Besides their importance in the agronomical and geotechnical areas, smectites play an important environmental role by adsorbing nutrients, organic pollutants and heavy metals. Smectites found in mangrove soils can be of marine or continental detrital origin, or of neoformation origin. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the types of smectites present in the State of São Paulo mangrove soils (Brazil), and to relate them to their possible origins. Soil samples were taken in five mangroves along the State of Sao Paulo State coast line. The mineral composition of the clay fraction was identified by X-ray Diffractometry (XRD) applying the Greene-Kelly test and by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Highlighting the peaks in the 3,560 cm-1 band and in the region near 798 and 820 cm-1, there was a predominance of nontronite in the soil at the Sítio Grande River, Pai Matos Island, Caranguejo Island and Itapanhaú River mangroves, and possibly a lower concentration of ferric montmorillonite in the Escuro River mangrove. Since the continental sediments in these environments are very poor in smectite, the origin of these minerals in the mangrove soils studied is related to sedimentation left by past marine transgressions, to neoformation processes, or yet to a combination of both origins.

Heavy metals and TPH effects on microbial abundance and diversity in two estuarine areas of the southern-central coast of São Paulo State, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Bartelochi Pinto ◽  
Fernando Carlos Pagnocca ◽  
Marcelo Antonio Amaro Pinheiro ◽  
Roberto Fioravanti Carelli Fontes ◽  
Ana Júlia Fernandes Cardoso de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Microbial Abundance ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Heavy Metals in the Shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Penaeidae) from Ubatuba Bay, São Paulo, Brazil

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. M. Mantelatto ◽  
W. E. P. Avelar ◽  
D. M. L. Silva ◽  
A. C. Tomazelli ◽  
J. L. C. Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Xiphopenaeus Kroyeri

scholarly journals Remaining phosphorus estimated by pedotransfer function

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joice Cagliari ◽  
Maurício Roberto Veronez ◽  
Marcelo Eduardo Alves
Keyword(s):  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Pedotransfer Function ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Experimental Database ◽  
Input Variables

Although the determination of remaining phosphorus (Prem) is simple, accurate values could also be estimated with a pedotransfer function (PTF) aiming at the additional use of soil analysis data and/or Prem replacement by an even simpler determination. The purpose of this paper was to develop a pedotransfer function to estimate Prem values of soils of the State of São Paulo based on properties with easier or routine laboratory determination. A pedotransfer function was developed by artificial neural networks (ANN) from a database of Prem values, pH values measured in 1 mol L-1 NaF solution (pH NaF) and soil chemical and physical properties of samples collected during soil classification activities carried out in the State of São Paulo by the Agronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC). Furthermore, a pedotransfer function was developed by regressing Prem values against the same predictor variables of the ANN-based PTF. Results showed that Prem values can be calculated more accurately with the ANN-based pedotransfer function with the input variables pH NaF values along with the sum of exchangeable bases (SB) and the exchangeable aluminum (Al3+) soil content. In addition, the accuracy of the Prem estimates by ANN-based PTF were more sensitive to increases in the experimental database size. Although the database used in this study was not comprehensive enough for the establishment of a definitive pedotrasnfer function for Prem estimation, results indicated the inclusion of Prem and pH NaF measurements among the soil testing evaluations as promising ind order to provide a greater database for the development of an ANN-based pedotransfer function for accurate Prem estimates from pH NaF, SB, and Al3+ values.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial accumulation of heavy metals in the sediments at Paiva Castro Reservoir (São Paulo, Brazil)

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Cardoso-Silva ◽  
Paulo Alves de Lima Ferreira ◽  
Viviane Moschini-Carlos ◽  
Rubens César Lopes Figueira ◽  
Marcelo Pompêo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Comparison of Methods to Quantify Organic Carbon in Soil Samples from São Paulo State, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 429-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosane Da Silva Dias ◽  
Cleide Aparecida De Abreu ◽  
Mônica Ferreira De Abreu ◽  
Jorge Paz-Ferreiro ◽  
Edson Eiji Matsura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

The environmental impact of heavy metals from sewage sludge in ferralsols (São Paulo, Brazil)

2001 ◽  
Vol 271 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 27-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Cornu ◽  
Colin Neal ◽  
Jean-Paul Ambrosi ◽  
Paul Whitehead ◽  
Margaret Neal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of some heavy metals using Prosopis juli flora and Conocarpus lancifolius– Soil analysis

Plant Omics ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Ghalia Saleem Aljeddani
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Plasma Emission ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Grown Plant

Environmental pollution is causing damage to the flora and fauna, resulting in a number of negative impacts on the environment. The present study aims towards evaluation of soil heavy metals (chromium, lead, and nickel) from different locations of Jeddah using leaves of two plant species. Two naturally grown plant species, Prosopis juli flora and Conocarpus lancifolius were collected from four different sites. The soil samples were collected near the factories, main roads, and branch roads in Jeddah. The soil samples were dried and sieved through a 2mm plastic sieve to remove large gravel-sized materials. Soil texture, pH, and EC evaluation were conducted. The amount of Cr, Pb, and Ni was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Model Inductivity coupled plasma emission spectrometer ICP (PARKIN ELEMER). SPSS, ANOVA, and Post-Hoc Test were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the amount of heavy metal in the soil of Prosopis juli flora were between 0.74-54.0μg/g D.wt. for Cr, 0.31-4.64 μg/g D.wt. for Pb and 1.22-24.5 μg/g D.wt. for Ni. The range of Cr, Pb and Ni in the leaves were between 0.04-13.3.0μg/g D.wt. for Cr, 0.06-20.0 μg/g D.wt. for Pb and 0.16-9.0μg/g D.wt. for Ni. For the soil of Prosopis juli flora, the EC ranged between 0.27- 1.05 mS/cm; whereas, pH ranged from 7.29-7.55 and 78.5-96.5% for sand, 1.0-16.5% for silt, and 1.0-6.0 for clay. There was a significant correlation between the soil textures, clay, and silt at selected sites. Phytoremediation is an effective strategy to overcome the effects of heavy metals including Cr, Pb, and Ni that are being absorbed in plants.

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