scholarly journals Occurrence of Babesia bigemina and Anaplasma marginale in clinically affected cattle in western Santa Catarina, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Lourdes VANAZZI ◽  
Tanaíza Carla RIGO ◽  
Núbia Deconto BALDASSO ◽  
Silvana Giacomini COLLET ◽  
Alan Miranda PRESTES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Helping Professionals ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Control And Prevention

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to obtain data on the occurrence of Babesia bigemina e Anaplasma marginale in cattle with characteristic clinical signs of the disease, in different properties in western Santa Catarina. For this, 149 blood sample were collected and slides smears were done and the staining with the Romanowsky kind dye subsequently. Of the 149 samples surveyed, 78 (52.35%) were positive for A. marginale, 04 (2.68%) for B. bigemina, and 03 (2.01%) samples showed co-infection. All described cases occurred in adult animals, from two years old, with Holstein females the highest occurrence represented 119/149 (79.86%). Regarding the presence of ectoparasites, hematophagous flies were observed in all properties and ticks in 58/149 (38.92%) animals. The results showed a higher occurrence of A. marginale, evidencing the need to seek strategies of control and prevention by the veterinary professionals, especially in moments of greater occurrence of the vectors. The confirmation as from laboratory support by stained blood smears beyond being cheaper practical is a method that helping professionals identify the suspected cases etiology. Moreover, based on this information, we can promote the elaboration of prevention and treatment strategies based on simple and fast diagnostic techniques, focused on especific disease agents.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bovis, and Babesia bigemina in cattle in the Campos de Lages region, Santa Catarina state, Brazil, estimated by multiplex-PCR

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e00114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Lemos Vieira ◽  
Mariana Feltrin Canever ◽  
Leonardo Leite Cardozo ◽  
Cristina Perito Cardoso ◽  
Marcos Edgar Herkenhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Santa Catarina State

scholarly journals SINGLE AND MIXED BLOOD PROTOZOA INFECTION WITH ANAPLASMA AND THEILERIA IN BUFFALOES (BUBALUS BUBALIS ) IN BAGHDAD - IRAQ

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Saleem A. Hasso ◽  
Nisreen A. AL - Nashy
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Anaplasma Marginale ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Theileria Annulata ◽  
Mixed Blood ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
First Time

One hundred & six blood smears from buffaloes, slaughtered at Al- Futhaliya slaughter house in Baghdad, were examined. Ages of buffaloes ranged from 6 months to 10 years. Numbers of positive blood smears were 48 (45.28%), of them only one showed clinical signs. Single, double, and triple protozoal infections with Anaplasma centrali , Anaplasma marginale, and Theileria annulata, were found. The most common type of infection was the Anaplasma marginale (22.64%), while Anaplasma centrali and Anaplasma centrali + Theileria annulata (0.94%) each. This investigation confirmed the presence of Anaplasma centrali infection in buffaloes for the first time.

Gender and Impulse Control Disorders

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexea Takacs ◽  
Sonia Madrid ◽  
Marc N. Potenza
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Control ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Impulse Control Disorders ◽  
Treatment Interventions ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Although women and men (and girls and boys) share similarities, they also exhibit differences that may contribute to the etiology and development of impulse control disorders. Such differences may hold significant implications for the generation of optimal prevention and treatment strategies. In this chapter, we review data on gender-related differences in impulse control disorders, considering epidemiological, clinical, biological, and therapeutic perspectives. Implications for improving prevention and treatment interventions are discussed.

scholarly journals BK Virus Associated Haemorrhagic Cystitis. A systematic review of current prevention and treatment strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 34-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aldiwani ◽  
T. Tharakan ◽  
A. Al-Hassani ◽  
N. Gibbons ◽  
J. Pavlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Bk Virus ◽  
Haemorrhagic Cystitis ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

scholarly journals First Case of Autochthonous Equine Theileriosis in Austria

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Esther Dirks ◽  
Phebe de Heus ◽  
Anja Joachim ◽  
Jessika-M. V. Cavalleri ◽  
Ilse Schwendenwein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Dermacentor Reticulatus ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
First Case ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Eastern Austria ◽  
Iatrogenic Transmission

A 23-year-old pregnant warmblood mare from Güssing, Eastern Austria, presented with apathy, anemia, fever, tachycardia and tachypnoea, and a severely elevated serum amyloid A concentration. The horse had a poor body condition and showed thoracic and pericardial effusions, and later dependent edema and icteric mucous membranes. Blood smear and molecular analyses revealed an infection with Theileria equi. Upon treatment with imidocarb diproprionate, the mare improved clinically, parasites were undetectable in blood smears, and 19 days after hospitalization the horse was discharged from hospital. However, 89 days after first hospitalization, the mare again presented to the hospital with an abortion, and the spleen of the aborted fetus was also PCR-positive for T. equi. On the pasture, where the horse had grazed, different developmental stages of Dermacentor reticulatus ticks were collected and subjected to PCR, and one engorged specimen was positive for T. equi. All three amplicon sequences were identical (T. equi genotype E). It is suspected that T. equi may repeatedly be transmitted in the area where the infected mare had grazed, and it could be shown that transmission to the fetus had occurred. Due to the chronic nature of equine theileriosis and the possible health implications of infection, it is advised to include this disease in the panel of differential diagnoses in horses with relevant clinical signs, including horses without travel disease, and to be aware of iatrogenic transmission from inapparent carrier animals.

Modernizing Perinatal Substance Use Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 152715442098194
Author(s):  
Brayden N. Kameg
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Prevention Policy ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
Control And Prevention

The increase in prescription and illicit opioid use since 2000 has become an urgent public health crisis. While the opioid epidemic spans racial, regional, and socioeconomic divides, women have surfaced as one demographic affected by opioid use and related sequelae. Certain federal and state regulations, secondary to the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, strip pregnant women with opioid use disorders of the ability to engage autonomously with their health care clinician while simultaneously impeding their ability to achieve and sustain recovery. The purpose of this article is to explore current health policy that impacts pregnant women who use opioids. Recommendations to improve care, broadly, will be highlighted to include access to contraceptive services, universal screening for perinatal substance use, and access to appropriate treatment strategies. Policy modifications to facilitate these recommendations are discussed. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Policy Analytical Framework was utilized to derive recommendations. The recommendations are relevant to advanced practice registered nurses and midwives who have the potential to treat substance use in women, to women’s health and pediatric registered nurses, and to nursing administrators who are involved in decision-making in obstetric and pediatric settings.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology as an Anti-Infection Strategy in Periprosthetic Joint Infections (PJI)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Pier Francesco Indelli ◽  
Stefano Ghirardelli ◽  
Ferdinando Iannotti ◽  
Alessia Maria Indelli ◽  
Gennaro Pipino
Keyword(s):  
Joint Infection ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Joint Infections ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Efficient Control ◽  
Cement Joint ◽  
Clay Nanotubes

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) represents a devastating consequence of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) because of its high morbidity and its high impact on patient quality of life. The lack of standardized preventive and treatment strategies is a major challenge for arthroplasty surgeons. The purpose of this article was to explore the potential and future uses of nanotechnology as a tool for the prevention and treatment of PJI. Methods: Multiple review articles from the PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases were reviewed in order to establish the current efficacy of nanotechnology in PJI preventive or therapeutic scenarios. Results: As a prevention tool, anti-biofilm implants equipped with nanoparticles (silver, silk fibroin, poly nanofibers, nanophase selenium) have shown promising antibacterial functionality. As a therapeutic tool, drug-loaded nanomolecules have been created and a wide variety of carrier materials (chitosan, titanium, calcium phosphate) have shown precise drug targeting and efficient control of drug release. Other nanotechnology-based antibiotic carriers (lipid nanoparticles, silica, clay nanotubes), when added to common bone cements, enhanced prolonged drug delivery, making this technology promising for the creation of antibiotic-added cement joint spacers. Conclusion: Although still in its infancy, nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize prevention and treatment protocols of PJI. Nevertheless, extensive basic science and clinical research will be needed to investigate the potential toxicities of nanoparticles.

Measuring Strain Distributions in the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Using Ultrasound

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Cochran ◽  
Yingxin Gao ◽  
Ursula Krotscheck ◽  
Margret Thompson ◽  
James Stouffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Acl Injury ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Tissue Motion

Optimal prevention and treatment strategies of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can be realized with a detailed understanding of how physiological factors impact the ACL. A noninvasive, in vivo method that assesses the ACL’s mechanical integrity is needed to help clarify this multi-factorial pathophysiology. We investigated the use of the noninvasive, in vivo technique, ultrasound strain elastography (USE) (1), to distinguish between normal and injured ACLs. USE is used as a diagnostic tool in oncological (2), hepatic (3), and cardiovascular (4) applications. This technique uses ultrasonic RF data to track tissue motion in order to estimate strain within the tissue.

Some skin conditions in pigs: types, control and prevention

Livestock ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 300-308
Author(s):  
John Carr ◽  
Mark Howells ◽  
William Hersey
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Veterinary Surgeons ◽  
Careful Clinical Examination ◽  
Welfare Problem ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Veterinary Surgeon ◽  
Skin Conditions

Skin conditions in pigs are common problems presented to the veterinary surgeon. A careful clinical examination, especially considering the age of the pig and the distribution of the lesions, all aids making an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. Pain management is essential in clinical management. Sarcoptic mange is a condition that can be eliminated from pigs and should be considered a welfare problem. Ear necrosis and trauma injuries can be particularly problematic and must be treated aggressively. African swine fever (ASF) presents with a range of clinical signs including skin lesions, and all veterinary surgeons must be able to put ASF as a differential where appropriate.

Trajectories of Frailty in the five years Prior to Death Among US Veterans Born 1927-1934

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel E Ward ◽  
Ariela R Orkaby ◽  
Clark Dumontier ◽  
Brian Charest ◽  
Chelsea E Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Record ◽  
Claims Data ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Compression Of Morbidity ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Insurance Claims Data ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Us Veterans ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Background Electronic frailty indices (eFIs) are increasingly used to identify patients at risk for morbidity and mortality. Whether eFIs capture the spectrum of frailty change, including decline, stability, and improvement is unknown. Methods In a nationwide retrospective birth-cohort of US Veterans, a validated eFI, including 31 health deficits, was calculated annually using medical record and insurance claims data (2002-2012). K-means clustering was used to assign patients into frailty trajectories measured five years prior to death. Results There were 214,250 Veterans born between 1927-1934 (mean (SD) age at death = 79.4 (2.8) years, 99.2% male, 90.3% white) with an annual eFI in the five years before death. Nine frailty trajectories were identified. Those starting at non-frail or pre-frail had two stable trajectories (non-frail to pre-frail, n=29,786 and stable pre-frail, n=28,499) and two rapidly increasing trajectories (pre-frail to moderately frail, n=28,244 and pre-frail to severely frail, n=22,596). Those who were mildly frail at baseline included one gradually increasing trajectory (mildly to moderately frail, n=33,806) and one rapidly increasing trajectory (mildly to severely frail, n=15,253). Trajectories that started at moderately or severely frail included two gradually increasing trajectories (moderately to severely frail, n=27,662 and progressing severely frail, n=14,478) and one recovering trajectory (moderately frail to mildly frail, n=13,926). Conclusions Nine frailty trajectories, including one recovering trajectory, were identified in this cohort of older US Veterans. Future work is needed to understand whether prevention and treatment strategies can improve frailty trajectories and contribute to compression of morbidity towards the end of life.

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