Gels are a soft elastic material consisting of a three-dimensional polymer network with nanometer-sized pores and are used in a variety of applications. However, gel networks typically have a substantial level of defects because the network formation reaction proceeds stochastically. In this study, we present a general scheme to fabricate gels with extremely low levels of defects by applying geometric constraints into pregel solution based on the “bond percolation” concept. In the formed gel, stationary laser speckles, which are an indicator of spatial defects, were not observed at all. In addition, we found that the concentration fluctuations of the polymer chains were ergodic across the whole gel network. In such a homogeneous gel, both the spatial and temporal correlations of polymer chains are the same before and after gelation.
Impact of adhesive and photoactivation method on sealant integrity and polymer network formation
